Étienne Gilson
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Étienne Henri Gilson (French:
In 2009, the International Étienne Gilson Society was created “to promote the thought of Étienne Gilson and classical philosophy in the academy and culture.” It publishes a journal, Studia Gilsoniana.[5]
Biography
Born in
In 1913, while employed in teaching at the
In 1919, he became professor of the history of philosophy at the University of Strasbourg. From 1921 to 1932, he taught the history of medieval philosophy at the University of Paris. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1929.[7] As an internationally renowned thinker, Gilson was first, along with Jacques Maritain, to receive an honorary doctorate in philosophy from the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas (Angelicum) in 1930.[8][9]
He also taught for three years at
With the death of his wife, Thérèse Ravisé, on 12 November 1949, Gilson endured a considerable emotional shock.[11]
In 1951, he relinquished his chair to
Work
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Gilson undertook to analyze Thomism from a historical perspective. To Gilson, Thomism is certainly not identical with scholasticism in the pejorative sense, but indeed rather a revolt against it.[12] Gilson considered the philosophy of his own era to be deteriorating into a science which would signal humanity's abdication of the right to judge and rule nature, humanity made a mere part of nature, which in turn would give the green light for the most reckless of social adventures to play havoc with human lives and institutions. Against "systems" of philosophy, Gilson was convinced that it was the revival of the philosophy of Thomas Aquinas that opened the way out of that danger zone.[citation needed]
In his time, Gilson was the leading scholar of the history of medieval philosophy as well as a highly regarded philosopher in his own right.[citation needed] His works continue to be reprinted and studied today – perhaps alone among "Thomist" philosophers, his work and reputation have not suffered from the general decline of interest in and regard for medieval philosophy since the 1960s.[citation needed]
Publications
- La Liberté chez Descartes et la Théologie, Alcan, 1913 (reprint: Vrin, 1982).
- Index scolastico-cartésien, Alcan, 1913 (second revised edition: Vrin, 1979).
- Le thomisme, introduction au système de saint Thomas, Vrin, 1919. Chapter from English translation on Faith & Reason.
- Études de philosophie médiévale, Université de Strasbourg, 1921.
- La philosophie au moyen-âge, vol.I : De Scot Erigène à saint Bonaventure, Payot, 1922.
- La philosophie au moyen-âge, vol.II : De saint Thomas d'Aquin à Guillaume d'Occam, Payot, 1922.
- La philosophie de saint Bonaventure, Vrin, 1924.
- René Descartes. Discours de la méthode, texte et commentaire, Vrin, 1925.
- Saint Thomas d'Aquin, Gabalda, 1925.
- Introduction à l'étude de Saint Augustin, Vrin, 1929.
- Études sur le rôle de la pensée médiévale dans la formation du système cartésien, Vrin, 1930.
- L'esprit de la philosophie médiévale, Vrin, 1932.
- Les Idées et les Lettres, Vrin, 1932.
- Pour un ordre catholique, Desclée de Brouwer, 1934.
- La théologie mystique de saint Bernard, Vrin, 1934.
- Le réalisme méthodique, Téqui, 1935.
- Christianisme et philosophie, Vrin, 1936.
- The Unity of Philosophical Experience, Scribner's, 1937.
- Héloïse et Abélard, Vrin, 1938.
- Dante et la philosophie, Vrin, 1939.
- Réalisme thomiste et critique de la connaissance, Vrin, 1939.
- Théologie et histoire de la spiritualité, Vrin, 1943.
- Notre démocratie, S.E.R.P., 1947.
- L'être et l'essence, Vrin, 1948.
- Saint Bernard, textes choisis et présentés, Plon, 1949.
- Being and Some Philosophers (Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Medieval Studies, 1952)
- L'École des Muses, Vrin, 1951.
- Jean Duns Scot, introduction à ses positions fondamentales, Vrin, 1952.
- Les métamorphoses de la cité de Dieu, Vrin, 1952.
- Being and Some Philosophers, 2nd ed. (Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Medieval Studies, 1952)
- History of Christian Philosophy in the Middle Ages (London: Sheed and Ward, 1955)
- Peinture et réalité, Vrin, 1958.
- Le Philosophe et la Théologie, Fayard, 1960.
- Introduction à la philosophie chrétienne, Vrin, 1960.
- La paix de la sagesse, Aquinas, 1960.
- Trois leçons sur le problème de l'existence de Dieu, Divinitas, 1961.
- L'être et Dieu, Revue thomiste, 1962.
- Introduction aux arts du Beau, Vrin, 1963.
- Matières et formes, Vrin, 1965.
- Les tribulations de Sophie, Vrin, 1967.
- La société de masse et sa culture, Vrin, 1967.
- Hommage à Bergson, Vrin, 1967.
- Linguistique et philosophie, Vrin, 1969.
- D'Aristote à Darwin et retour, Vrin, 1971.
- Dante et Béatrice, études dantesques, Vrin, 1974.
- Saint Thomas moraliste, Vrin, 1974.
- L'athéisme difficile, Vrin, 1979
Translations
- The Philosophy of St Thomas Aquinas, edited by G. A. Elrington, translated by Edward Bullough (Cambridge: W. Heffer, 1924)
- The Spirit of Mediaeval Philosophy, translated by A. H. C. Downes (London: Sheed and Ward, 1936)
- Reason and Revelation in the Middle Ages (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1939)
- The Mystical Theology of Saint Bernard, translated by A. H. C. Downes (London: Sheed and Ward, 1940)
- The Philosophy of St Bonaventure, translated by Illtyd Trethowan and F. J. Sheed (London: Sheed and Ward, 1940)
- History of Philosophy and Philosophical Education, Marquette University Press, 1948.
- Dante the Philosopher, translated by David Moore (London: Sheed and Ward, 1952)
- Choir of Muses, translated by Maisie Ward (London: Sheed and Ward, 1953)
- The Christian Philosophy of St Thomas Aquinas, translated by L. K. Shook (London: Gollancz, 1957)
- Gilson's "Painting and Reality" (1957), was also published in English.
- The Christian Philosophy of Saint Augustine translated by L. E. M. Lynch (New York: Random House, 1960)
- Heloise and Abelard (Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan Press, 1960)
- The Arts of the Beautiful (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1965)
- The Terrors of the Year Two Thousand, University of St. Michael's College, 1984.
- Christian Philosophy: An Introduction, translated by Armand Maurer (Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Medieval Studies, 1993)
- The Metamorphoses of the City of God, translated by James G. Colbert (Washington: The Catholic University of America Press, 2020)
- Gilson, Étienne (2019). History of Christian Philosophy in the Middle Ages. Washington, DC.: ISBN 978-1952826566.
- Gilson, Étienne; Langan, Thomas (2021). Modern Philosophy: From Descartes to Kant. Rhode Island: Cluny Press. ISBN 978-1952826566.
See also
References
- ^ Séances et Travaux de l'Académie des Sciences Morales et Politiques: Compte Rendu. A. Picard et Fils. 1913. p. 117. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
- .
- ^ Gilson, Étienne. The Unity of Philosophical Experience. San Francisco, CA: Ignatius Press, 1999, p. 133.
- ^ "Nomination Database". www.nobelprize.org. Retrieved 19 April 2017.
- ^ "I.E.G.S. - I.É.G.S." gilsonsociety.com.
- Catholic University of America Press, 2023.
- ^ "Etienne-Henry Gilson". American Academy of Arts & Sciences. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
- ISBN 978-88-311-7340-7. Retrieved 26 August 2021.
- ISBN 978-88-16-40330-7. Retrieved 26 August 2021.
- ^ "APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
- ^ "Biography of Étienne Gilson's Intellectual Life". Archived from the original on 7 October 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2013.
- ^ The Christian Philosophy of St. Thomas Aquinas, University of Notre Dame Press, Indiana, 1956, pp. 366–367
Further reading
- Biographical sketch (in French) Academie Francaise
- Étienne Gilson, The Christian Philosophy of St. Thomas Aquinas, University of Notre Dame Press, Indiana, 1956, ISBN 0-268-00801-9
- Charles J. O'Neill (ed.), An Étienne Gilson Tribute, The Marquette University Press, 1959.
- Antonio Livi, Étienne Gilson: filosofia cristiana e idea del limite critico, Ediciones Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, 1970
- ISBN 0-88844-706-X
- Henri Gouhier, Étienne Gilson : trois essais, Vrin, 1993, p. 75
- ISBN 0-8262-1536-X
- Michel, Florian (translated by James G. Colbert) Etienne Gilson: An Intellectual and Political Biography. Washington, DC. Catholic University of America Press, 2023.