.рф
DNSSEC no | | |
Registry website | кц.рф |
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The domain name .рф (
Character set
The
The domain is intended for Internet resources with names in the Russian language using Cyrillic.[2]
A principle in the approval process of ICANN Generic Names Supporting Organization (GNSO) states that Cyrillic two-character top-level domains should not exclusively use characters that could be confused with Latin characters of identical or similar shapes—not just those containing the seven letters
Early preparations
The preparation, development, and technical testing of the domain started in 2007 by registrar RU Center.[7] The domain delegation process started in November 2009 as an application to ICANN under the new Fast Track IDN ccTLD process. The domain is expected to be launched in 2010. In preparation for a launch, RU Center opened a sunrise registration period for Russian trademark owners from 25 November 2009 to 25 March 2010.[8] General public registrations are planned starting 20 April 2010 through June 2010 using a Dutch auction process, and at a fixed price beginning in July 2010.
In January 2010 ICANN announced that the domain was one of the first four new non-Latin ccTLDs to have passed the Fast Track String Evaluation within the domain application process.[9]
In a press release in December 2007, Alexei Lesnikov of
With comparisons being made with an equivalent
First use
The top-level domain became operational on the Internet on 13 May 2010.[3] The first two accessible sites were президент.рф (president) and правительство.рф (government).[10]
Related domains
The traditional country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Russia, based on the ISO country codes, is ru. There is no direct mapping of subdomains between рф and ru, they are independent domains hosting potentially different resources. However, many resources may use URL redirection or DNS pointers to provide mapping between the name spaces. For example, the URLs президент.рф (prezident) redirects to kremlin.ru, and яндекс.рф (Yandex) redirects to yandex.ru.
Second-level domains
The second-level domain names are registered directly with user-defined names, such as company names. There are no standardized category names (such as com or org) used on the second level. The second-level domain names are only intended to have Cyrillic characters, but some have Latin characters (e.g., сгау.рф), or digits instead (e.g., 555509.рф) For the third-level names, it is fairly common that "www" (Latin characters) are used, but most main company addresses do not use any third-level name.
See also
References
- ^ "nic.ru (Russian ccTLD Registry) domain count". nic.ru. 19 August 2014. Archived from the original on 27 May 2016. Retrieved 1 December 2018.
- ^ a b c d "появится в Сети в 2008 году" [Cyrillic domain ".рф" will be introduced in 2008] (in Russian). RBC Informations Systems. 25 December 2007. Archived from the original on 9 March 2009. Retrieved 24 September 2008.
- ^ a b Rfe/Rl. "Cyrillic Domain Names Become Operational on the Internet". Radiofreeeurope/Radioliberty. Rferl.org. Archived from the original on 2 January 2012. Retrieved 15 January 2012.
- ^ "World report on Internationalised Domain Names 2014" (PDF). Eurid. 2014. p. 94. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 December 2014.
- ^ "Remarks General remarks on Cyrillic IDNs". ICANN Generic Names Supporting Organization wiki. Archived from the original on 17 April 2008.
- ^ Knight, Gavin (3 January 2008). "Kremlin eyes internet control..." The Guardian. London. Technology Guardian section, p. 6. Archived from the original on 1 September 2013. Retrieved 8 May 2010.
The problem for Russia is that its top-level domain - with the ASCII suffix .ru - translates into Cyrillic as .py, the domain name of Paraguay. That could pose security problems for Russian users.
- ccTLD. 24 December 2007. Archived from the originalon 31 December 2007. Retrieved 8 January 2008.
- ^ "РФ Domains Sunrise Registration Launched". Nic.ru. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 15 January 2012.
- ^ "First IDN ccTLDs Requests Successfully Pass String Evaluation". ICANN. 21 January 2010. Archived from the original on 24 January 2010. Retrieved 25 January 2010.
- ^ "Этой ночью в Интернете запущен первый кириллический домен ".рф"" [The first Cyrillic ".рф" domain is launched on the Internet this night] (in Russian). 13 May 2010. Archived from the original on 20 June 2013. Retrieved 13 May 2010.