100 metres at the Olympics
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100 metres at the Olympic Games | |
---|---|
Overview | |
Sport | Athletics |
Gender | Men and women |
Years held | Men: 1896 – 2020 Women: 1928 – 2020 |
Reigning champion | |
Men | Marcell Jacobs (ITA) |
Women | Elaine Thompson-Herah (JAM) |
The
The first Olympic champions were Thomas Burke in the men's category and, 32 years later, Betty Robinson in the women's category. The Olympic records for the event are 9.63 seconds, set by Usain Bolt in 2012, and 10.61 seconds, set by Elaine Thompson-Herah in 2021.[2][3][4] The world records for the event have been equalled or broken during the Olympics on seven occasions in the men's category and on twelve occasions in the women's.[citation needed]
Among the competing nations, the United States has had the most success in this event, having won sixteen golds in the men's race and nine in the women's race. Usain Bolt of Jamaica has won three consecutive titles (2008–16). Five other athletes have won back-to-back titles: Wyomia Tyus (1964–68), Carl Lewis (1984–88), Gail Devers (1992–96), Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce (2008–12), and Elaine Thompson-Herah (2016-2020). Merlene Ottey is the only athlete to win three medals without winning gold, with one silver and two bronze medals. Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce is the most decorated athlete in the event, male or female, having won 4 medals.[5][6]
Many athletes that compete in this event also compete individually in the Olympic
Seven women have achieved the 100 metres and 200 metres 'Double' at the same Olympic Games -
Competition format
The Olympic 100 metres competitions are carried out under
Traditionally there are four rounds of competition: heats, quarter-finals, semi-finals, and finals. Prior to 1964, finals featured six athletes.[9] For all Olympic competitions from 1964 onwards—allowing for a sufficient number of athletes being present—each race features eight runners.[10] Athletes are seeded by past performance to ensure an even balance of quality across the heats and allow the best runners to progress to the later stages. Usually in the first two rounds the top three runners progress to the next stage. A small number of other athletes also progress as the fastest non-qualifiers (or "fastest losers") through a repechage system. Prior to 2012, the semi-finals stage comprised two races of eight athletes and the top four finishers in each race (regardless of time) were entered into the final.[11]
Several amendments were made to the competition format in 2012. Any participant not in possession of an Olympic qualifying standard time is entered into the preliminary round. Qualifiers in this round progress to the first round proper. The semi-finals stage is divided into three races: the top two progress to the final by right and the two fastest non-qualifiers complete the eight finalists. Changes to the international
The top three finishers in the final are awarded a gold, silver, and bronze medal, respectively. If runners cannot be separated by their time (recorded to one hundredth of a second) further analysis is used to distinguish their times to the thousandth of a second. In the 2008 Women's 100 m final the minor medallists Sherone Simpson and Kerron Stewart could not be separated by this method and were both awarded the silver medal.[14] Medal positions in a 100 m race have only been shared on one other occasion in Olympic history: Alajos Szokolyi and Francis Lane were joint third at the 1896 men's final.[15]
Participation
Starting with 15 men from eight nations at the inaugural 1896 Olympic 100 m, participation in the event reached its peak at the
Year | Men "A" | Men "B" | Women "A" | Women "B" |
---|---|---|---|---|
2000 | 10.27 | 10.40 | 11.40 | 11.60 |
2004 | 10.21 | 10.28 | 11.30 | 11.40 |
2008 | 10.21 | 10.28 | 11.32 | 11.42 |
2012 | 10.18 | 10.24 | 11.29 | 11.38 |
2016 | 10.16 | — | 11.32 | — |
2020/2021 | 10.05 | — | 11.12 | — |
Men's participation reached its highest at the
As the governing body for the
On top of IAAF standards, national governing bodies may apply their own participation restrictions. These principally come in four forms: stricter national qualifying times, reduced time periods for qualifying performances,
World Athletics in 2019 announced that, following the inauguration of their World Rankings platform, that in addition to those who achieved the Olympic standard, placing in the top 32 of the rankings will serve as a qualification method for athletes. (For example, if someone comes 3rd in the 100m finals of their national championships in 10.14, if he is 22nd in the World Rankings, he has qualified for the games).
- Data notes
- Numbers do not include non-starting athletes. There have been two Olympic 100 m non-starters: Estonia's St. Kitts and Nevis Olympic Committee for defying their orders and leaving the Olympic camp to stay with his wife.[67]
- Nations are above defined as the competing Olympic team as opposed to athletes' legal nationalities – the various Unified teams and Independent Olympian teams are thus each treated as one nation at that Olympic Games.
Biological factors
Age
The 100 m requires a high level of
The record for the youngest athlete to participate in the Olympic 100 m is held by
Distinction | Male athlete | Age | Female athlete | Age |
---|---|---|---|---|
Youngest champion | Reggie Walker | 19 years, 4 months, 6 days[74] | Betty Robinson | 16 years, 11 months, 8 days[72] |
Youngest medallist | Donald Lippincott | 18 years, 7 months, 21 days[75] | Betty Robinson | 16 years, 11 months, 8 days[72] |
Youngest participant | Alphonse Yanghat | 15 years, 3 months, 27 days[76] | Katura Marae | 14 years, 8 months, 17 days[70] |
Oldest champion | Linford Christie | 32 years, 3 months, 30 days[73] | Fanny Blankers-Koen | 30 years, 3 months, 7 days[77] |
Oldest medallist | Linford Christie | 32 years, 3 months, 30 days[73] | Merlene Ottey | 40 years, 4 months, 14 days[71] |
Oldest participant | Stefan Burkart | 38 years, 10 months, 14 days[78] | Merlene Ottey | 44 years, 4 months, 11 days[71] |
Gender
Since introduction of testing by the IAAF in the early-20th century, female sprinters may be subject to
Race
Olympic 100 m medallists in the early phase of the Modern Olympic Games were principally
Eddie Tolan became the first non-white winner of the event in 1932 and this signified the start of a prolonged period of success by black male sprinters; since 1932 only five men's Olympic champions in the event have not had significant African heritage. The women's event was dominated by runners of European descent until Wilma Rudolph won the title in 1960. Soviet and German women returned to the podium in the period from 1972 to 1980, but since then African-American and Jamaican women have won the great majority of 100 m medals.[84] Dominance in the men's event has been particularly pronounced from 1984 to 2016, during which time in a span of almost 40 years all the men's Olympic 100 m finalists have been of African heritage.[85]
In the 2020 Olympics, Chinese sprinter Su Bingtian ran 9.83 in his semi-final heat and became the first athlete without African heritage to reach the final since 1980 within the span of 40 years, setting an unofficial fastest 60 metres split record en route. 9.83 is also the second fastest semi-final time and made him the fifth fastest man in the history of 100 metres at the Olympics behind Usain Bolt, Yohan Blake, Justin Gatlin and Marcel Jacobs.
Most commentators attribute this statistical discrepancy to genetic rather than to cultural factors.[86][87][88]
Doping
All athletes who participate in the Olympic 100 m competition are subject to the
One of the most prominent cases of
Another high-profile doping case involved the 2000 Olympic women's 100 m champion Marion Jones, though no doping infractions occurred during the Olympics. Having been one of the stars of the games—she won three gold and two bronze medals in track and field events—Jones was later implicated in doping through the BALCO scandal. She lied to federal agents and a grand jury during questioning around the scandal, but later admitted in 2007 to using Tetrahydrogestrinone (THG) during the period of her Olympic success.[97] The IOC annulled all her Olympic results, including her 100 m title. Given that the 2000 women's runner-up Ekaterini Thanou had herself been banned for drug usage, the IOC chose not to upgrade her to the gold medal position, but rather leave the position vacant.[98] Working around the dilemma, the IOC decided to raise bronze medallist Tayna Lawrence to joint silver and fourth-placed Merlene Ottey to the bronze medal position.[99]
In spite of the relatively few occasions in which 100 m sprinters have failed doping tests at the Olympics, numerous Olympic sprinters have been banned outside the competition or implicated otherwise, including many medallists. Two-time Olympic champion
On the women's side, the Olympic 100 m was affected by state-sponsored
Medal summary
Men
Multiple medallists
Rank | Athlete | Nation | Olympics | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Usain Bolt | Jamaica (JAM) | 2008–2016 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
2 | Carl Lewis | United States (USA) | 1984–1988 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
3 | Justin Gatlin | United States (USA) | 2004–2016 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
4 | Linford Christie | Great Britain (GBR) | 1988–1992 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
5 | Valeriy Borzov | Soviet Union (URS) | 1972–1976 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
Maurice Greene |
United States (USA) | 2000–2004 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
7 | Ralph Metcalfe | United States (USA) | 1932–1936 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Frankie Fredericks | Namibia (NAM) | 1992–1996 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
9 | Lennox Miller | Jamaica (JAM) | 1968–1972 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
Ato Boldon | Trinidad and Tobago (TRI) | 1996–2000 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
11 | Andre De Grasse | Canada (CAN) | 2016–2020 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
Medals by country
Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | United States (USA) | 16 | 14 | 9 | 39 |
2 | Jamaica (JAM) | 3 | 4 | 1 | 8 |
3 | Great Britain (GBR) | 3 | 2 | 3 | 8 |
4 | Canada (CAN) | 2 | 0 | 4 | 6 |
5 | Trinidad and Tobago (TRI) | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
6 | Soviet Union (URS) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
7 | Italy (ITA) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
South Africa (RSA) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
United Team of Germany (EUA) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
10 | Cuba (CUB) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Namibia (NAM) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
12 | Germany (GER) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
13 | Portugal (POR) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
14 | Australia (AUS) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
15 | Barbados (BAR) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Bulgaria (BUL) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Hungary (HUN) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Netherlands (NED) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
New Zealand (NZL) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Panama (PAN) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
20 | Totals | 29 | 28 | 29 | 86 |
Women
Multiple medallists
Rank | Athlete | Nation | Olympics | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce | Jamaica (JAM) | 2008–2020 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
2 | Wyomia Tyus | United States (USA) | 1964–1968 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Gail Devers | United States (USA) | 1992–1996 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
Elaine Thompson-Herah | Jamaica (JAM) | 2016–2020 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
4 | Stanisława Walasiewicz | Poland (POL) | 1932–1936 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Renate Stecher | East Germany (GDR) | 1972–1976 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | |
Evelyn Ashford | United States (USA) | 1984–1988 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | |
7 | Merlene Ottey | Jamaica (JAM) | 1984–2000 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
8 | Shirley Strickland | Australia (AUS) | 1948–1952 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
Veronica Campbell-Brown |
Jamaica (JAM) | 2004–2012 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
Medals by country
Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | United States (USA) | 9 | 7 | 2 | 18 |
2 | Jamaica (JAM) | 4 | 6 | 6 | 16 |
3 | Australia (AUS) | 2 | 1 | 3 | 6 |
4 | East Germany (GDR) | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 |
5 | Poland (POL) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
6 | West Germany (FRG) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
Italy (ITA) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
7 | Belarus (BLR) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Netherlands (NED) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
Soviet Union (URS) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
10 | Canada (CAN) | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
11 | Great Britain (GBR) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
12 | Greece (GRE) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
South Africa (RSA) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
United Team of Germany (EUA) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
15 | Cuba (CUB) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Germany (GER) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Unified Team (EUN) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
18 | Totals | 21 | 23 | 20 | 64 |
Overall
Medals by country
Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | United States (USA) | 25 | 21 | 11 | 57 |
2 | Jamaica (JAM) | 7 | 9 | 6 | 20 |
3 | Great Britain (GBR) | 3 | 4 | 3 | 10 |
4 | Canada (CAN) | 2 | 2 | 5 | 9 |
5 | Australia (AUS) | 2 | 1 | 5 | 8 |
6 | Soviet Union (URS) | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
7 | East Germany (GDR) | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 |
8 | Trinidad and Tobago (TRI) | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
9 | Poland (POL) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
10 | South Africa (RSA) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
United Team of Germany (EUA) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | |
12 | Netherlands (NED) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
West Germany (FRG) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
14 | Belarus (BLR) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
15 | Cuba (CUB) | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
16 | Namibia (NAM) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
17 | Germany (GER) | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
18 | Greece (GRE) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Portugal (POR) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
20 | Barbados (BAR) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Bulgaria (BUL) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Hungary (HUN) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Italy (ITA) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
New Zealand (NZL) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Panama (PAN) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Unified Team (EUN) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
26 | Totals | 48 | 51 | 49 | 148 |
Olympic record progression
The best time for the 100 m set during Olympic competition is known as the Olympic record. To count as an official record, the race and the equipment used must adhere to
Since the first men's Olympic record of 12.2 seconds by Frank Lane in 1896, the record has been broken 13 times and matched 24 times. Twenty-eight men have been holder (or co-holder) of the record. Usain Bolt is the current record holder with 9.63, set in 2012. Further to this standing men's world record for the 100 m has been equalled five times in Olympic competition and improved twice (by Carl Lewis in 1988 with 9.92 and by Bolt in 2008 with 9.69). Ben Johnson's time of 9.79 was annulled before it was ratified as either an Olympic or world record.[113]
Since the initial women's Olympic record of 13.0 seconds was set by Anni Holdmann in 1928, it has been broken 18 times and equalled 17 further times. The standing women's 100 m world record has been improved five times during Olympic competition and equalled seven times.[113]
The tables below refer to hand-timing for races held prior to the 1972 Summer Olympics and to fully automatic times after that point, when they became the standard for the Olympics.[113] Hand-timed results that matched the Olympic record are treated as equalling the mark, with the exception of any athletes that matched that time but finished behind another athlete in their race.
Men
Time | Athlete | Nation | Games | Round | Date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
12.2 | Francis Lane | United States (USA) | 1896 | Heat 1 | 1896-04-06 |
12.2 | Thomas Curtis | United States (USA) | 1896 | Heat 2 | 1896-04-06 |
11.8 | Tom Burke | United States (USA) | 1896 | Heat 3 | 1896-04-06 |
11.4 | Arthur Duffey | United States (USA) | 1900 | Heat 1 | 1900-06-14 |
11.4 | Walter Tewksbury | United States (USA) | 1900 | Heat 2 | 1900-06-14 |
10.8 =WR | Frank Jarvis | United States (USA) | 1900 | Heat 3 | 1900-06-14 |
10.8 =WR | Walter Tewksbury | United States (USA) | 1900 | Semi-final 2 | 1900-06-14 |
10.8 | James Rector | United States (USA) | 1908 | Heat 15 | 1908-07-20 |
10.8 | Reggie Walker | South Africa (RSA) | 1908 | Semi-final 1 | 1908-07-20 |
10.8 | James Rector | United States (USA) | 1908 | Semi-final 3 | 1908-07-20 |
10.8 | Reggie Walker | South Africa (RSA) | 1908 | Final | 1908-07-20 |
10.8 | David Jacobs | Great Britain (GBR) | 1912 | Heat 10 | 1912-07-06 |
10.6 | Donald Lippincott | United States (USA) | 1912 | Heat 16 | 1912-07-06 |
10.6 | Harold Abrahams | Great Britain (GBR) | 1924 | Quarter-final 4 | 1924-07-06 |
10.6 | Harold Abrahams | Great Britain (GBR) | 1924 | Semi-final 2 | 1924-07-07 |
10.6 | Harold Abrahams | Great Britain (GBR) | 1924 | Final | 1924-07-07 |
10.6 | Percy Williams | Canada (CAN) | 1928 | Quarter-final 4 | 1928-07-29 |
10.6 | Robert McAllister | United States (USA) | 1928 | Semi-final 1 | 1928-07-30 |
10.6 | Jack London | United States (USA) | 1928 | Semi-final 2 | 1928-07-30 |
10.6 | Arthur Jonath | Germany (GER) | 1932 | Heat 3 | 1932-07-31 |
10.4 | Eddie Tolan | United States (USA) | 1932 | Quarter-final 1 | 1932-07-31 |
10.3 =WR | Eddie Tolan | United States (USA) | 1932 | Final | 1932-08-01 |
10.3 | Jesse Owens | United States (USA) | 1936 | Heat 1 | 1936-08-02 |
10.3 | Harrison Dillard | United States (USA) | 1948 | Final | 1948-07-31 |
10.3 | Bobby Joe Morrow |
United States (USA) | 1956 | Quarter-final 1 | 1956-11-23 |
10.3 | Ira Murchison | United States (USA) | 1956 | Quarter-final 2 | 1956-11-23 |
10.3 | Bobby Joe Morrow |
United States (USA) | 1956 | Semi-final 2 | 1956-11-24 |
10.2 | Armin Hary | West Germany (FRG) | 1960 | Quarter-final 2 | 1960-08-31 |
10.2 | Armin Hary | West Germany (FRG) | 1960 | Final | 1960-08-31 |
10.0 =WR | Bob Hayes | United States (USA) | 1964 | Final | 1964-10-15 |
10.0 A | Hermes Ramírez | Cuba (CUB) | 1968 | Quarter-final 2 | 1968-10-13 |
10.0 A | Charlie Greene | United States (USA) | 1968 | Quarter-final 4 | 1968-10-13 |
10.0 A | Jim Hines | United States (USA) | 1968 | Semi-final 1 | 1968-10-14 |
9.9 A =WR | Jim Hines | United States (USA) | 1968 | Final | 1968-10-14 |
9.92 WR[nb3] | Carl Lewis | United States (USA) | 1988 | Final | 1988-09-24 |
9.84 WR | Donovan Bailey | Canada (CAN) | 1996 | Final | 1996-07-27 |
9.69 WR | Usain Bolt | Jamaica (JAM) | 2008 | Final | 2008-08-16 |
9.63 | Usain Bolt | Jamaica (JAM) | 2012 | Final | 2012-08-05 |
- nb3 Carl Lewis's time of 9.92 seconds in the 1988 Olympic final was initially second to Ben Johnson's 9.79, but Johnson was disqualified soon after due to a failed drug test.[113]
Women
Time | Athlete | Nation | Games | Round | Date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
13.0 | Anni Holdmann | Germany (GER) | 1928 | Heat 1 | 1928-07-30 |
12.8 | Erna Steinberg | Germany (GER) | 1928 | Heat 2 | 1928-07-30 |
12.8 | Kinue Hitomi | Japan (JPN) | 1928 | Heat 3 | 1928-07-30 |
12.8 | Leni Junker | Germany (GER) | 1928 | Heat 4 | 1928-07-30 |
12.8 | Leni Schmidt | Germany (GER) | 1928 | Heat 6 | 1928-07-30 |
12.6 | Fanny Rosenfeld |
Canada (CAN) | 1928 | Heat 7 | 1928-07-30 |
12.6 | Ethel Smith | Canada (CAN) | 1928 | Heat 9 | 1928-07-30 |
12.4 | Fanny Rosenfeld |
Canada (CAN) | 1928 | Semi-final 1 | 1928-07-30 |
12.4 | Betty Robinson | United States (USA) | 1928 | Semi-final 2 | 1928-07-30 |
12.2 WR | Betty Robinson | United States (USA) | 1928 | Final | 1928-07-31 |
12.2 | Marie Dollinger | Germany (GER) | 1932 | Heat 1 | 1932-08-01 |
11.9 WR | Stanisława Walasiewicz | Poland (POL) | 1932 | Heat 2 | 1932-08-01 |
11.9 =WR | Stanisława Walasiewicz | Poland (POL) | 1932 | Semi-final 2 | 1932-08-01 |
11.9 =WR | Stanisława Walasiewicz | Poland (POL) | 1932 | Final | 1932-08-02 |
11.9 | Fanny Blankers-Koen | Netherlands (NED) | 1948 | Final | 1948-08-02 |
11.9 | Catherine Hardy |
United States (USA) | 1952 | Heat 7 | 1952-07-21 |
11.6 | Marjorie Jackson |
Australia (AUS) | 1952 | Heat 8 | 1952-07-21 |
11.6 | Marjorie Jackson |
Australia (AUS) | 1952 | Quarter-final 1 | 1952-07-21 |
11.5 =WR | Marjorie Jackson |
Australia (AUS) | 1952 | Semi-final 1 | 1952-07-22 |
11.5 =WR | Marjorie Jackson |
Australia (AUS) | 1952 | Final | 1952-07-22 |
11.5 | Marlene Mathews | Australia (AUS) | 1956 | Heat 2 | 1956-11-24 |
11.4 | Betty Cuthbert | Australia (AUS) | 1956 | Heat 3 | 1956-11-24 |
11.3 =WR | Wilma Rudolph | United States (USA) | 1960 | Semi-final 1 | 1960-09-02 |
11.2 =WR | Wyomia Tyus | United States (USA) | 1964 | Quarter-final 1 | 1964-10-15 |
11.2 A | Wyomia Tyus | United States (USA) | 1968 | Heat 1 | 1968-10-14 |
11.2 A | Margaret Bailes | United States (USA) | 1968 | Heat 2 | 1968-10-14 |
11.2 A | Barbara Ferrell | United States (USA) | 1968 | Heat 6 | 1968-10-14 |
11.1 A =WR | Barbara Ferrell | United States (USA) | 1968 | Quarter-final 1 | 1968-10-14 |
11.1 A =WR | Irena Szewińska-Kirszenstein |
Poland (POL) | 1968 | Quarter-final 4 | 1968-10-14 |
11.0 A WR | Wyomia Tyus | United States (USA) | 1968 | Final | 1968-10-15 |
11.07 WR | Renate Stecher | East Germany (GDR) | 1972 | Quarter-final 1 | 1972-09-01 |
11.05 | Annegret Richter | West Germany (FRG) | 1976 | Quarter-final 1 | 1976-07-24 |
11.01 WR | Annegret Richter | West Germany (FRG) | 1976 | Semi-final 1 | 1976-07-25 |
10.97 | Evelyn Ashford | United States (USA) | 1984 | Final | 1984-08-05 |
10.88 | Florence Griffith Joyner | United States (USA) | 1988 | Heat 7 | 1988-09-24 |
10.88 | Evelyn Ashford | United States (USA) | 1988 | Quarter-final 2 | 1988-09-24 |
10.62 | Florence Griffith Joyner | United States (USA) | 1988 | Quarter-final 3 | 1988-09-24 |
10.61 | Elaine Thompson-Herah | Jamaica (JAM) | 2021 | Final | 2021-07-31 |
Finishing times
The Olympic 100 m is the most prestigious competition for the distance and it attracts elite level, international competitors. The winner of the race is occasionally referred to as "the world's fastest" man or woman, reflecting the high level of the competition and the quality of performances.[114][115] As of February 2014[update], the current Olympic records of 9.63 for men and 10.62 seconds for women rank as the second and third fastest times in history, for men and women respectively.[116][117] The standard of performances at the Olympics has progressed in line with the discipline as a whole and the times in the final often rank highly in the end-of-season lists.[118][119][120] National records and personal bests are frequently improved at the event by sprinters from large and small nations alike, as most elite athletes aim to reach peak race fitness for the Olympics.[121][122]
The
Top ten fastest Olympic times
|
|
- H – time recorded in the heats
- QF – time recorded in the quarter-finals
- SF – time recorded in the semi-finals
Note:
Best time for place
|
|
- Florence Griffith-Joynerran 10.54 to win the final of the 1988 Olympic Games, but the wind was over the legal limit (+3.0)
Intercalated Games
The 1906 Intercalated Games were held in Athens and at the time were officially recognised as part of the Olympic Games series, with the intention being to hold a games in Greece in two-year intervals between the internationally held Olympics. However, this plan never came to fruition and the International Olympic Committee (IOC) later decided not to recognise these games as part of the official Olympic series. Some sports historians continue to treat the results of these games as part of the Olympic canon.[127]
At this event a men's 100 m was held and 1904 Olympic champion
Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
---|---|---|---|
details
|
USA )
|
USA )
|
AUS )
|
Non-canonical Olympic events
In addition to the main
A 100 m professionals handicap race is also believed to have been held in 1900. In 1904 a 100-yard dash handicap race was contested and an American, C. Hastedt, was the victor.[132]
These events are no longer considered part of the official Olympic history of the 100 m or the athletics programme in general. Consequently, medals from these races have not been assigned to nations on the all-time medal tables.[132]
Cultural impact
The 100 metres is typically considered one of the blue ribbon Olympic track and field events, and of the Olympic Games as a whole.[133] The Olympic 100 m finals, particularly the men's, are among the most popular events from any sport at the Olympics – the 2012 Olympic men's 100 metres final was the most watched event at the London Games by British audiences (with 20 million television viewers)[134] while in the United States that event was the third-most viewed Olympic clip.[135]
The high-profile nature of 100 m Olympic finals in some countries has served to encourage participation in sport among the wider public, particularly in short sprinting. Successive generations of athletes cite previous 100 m Olympic champions as the reason for their entering the sport.
The Olympic 100 metres has been covered by several film documentaries.
Across the sport of track and field, Olympic 100 m champions have often featured on
See also
- 100 metres at the World Championships in Athletics
References
- Olympic record progressions
- Mallon, Bill (2012). TRACK & FIELD ATHLETICS - OLYMPIC RECORD PROGRESSIONS[Track and Field News. Retrieved on 2014-01-26.
- Specific
- ^ "Athletics Men's 60 metres Medalists". SR/Olympic Sports. Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
- ^ Hayward, Paul (6 August 2012). "Usain Bolt wins men's 100m Olympic final in 9.58 seconds to seal legacy". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
- ^ Rosenbaum, Mike. "Women's Olympic Records". About.com Track & Field. Archived from the original on 11 November 2012. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
- ^ "Olympic Games Records". World Athletics. Archived from the original on 4 December 2019. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
- ^ a b c "Athletics Men's 100 metres Medalists". SR/Olympic Sports. Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
- ^ a b c "Athletics Women's 100 metres Medalists". SR/Olympic Sports. Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
- ^ "Competition Rules 2012-2013" (PDF). IAAF Competition Rules (Centenary ed.). International Association of Athletics Federations: 130. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 July 2014.
- ^ "Athletics - Technical". Team GB. British Olympic Association. Archived from the original on 28 March 2014. Retrieved 16 February 2014.
- ^ a b Athletics at the 1960 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.
- ^ a b Athletics at the 1964 Summer Games: Men's 100 metres. Sports Reference.. Retrieved on 2014-02-01.
- ^ a b 100m competition format. London 2012 (archived). Retrieved on 2014-02-01.
- ^ Sprint rule well received. BBC Sport (2003-01-16). Retrieved on 2014-02-01.
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External links
- IAAF 100 metres homepage
- Official Olympics website
- Olympic athletics records from Track & Field News