1101

• Seljuk troops under Sultan Kilij Arslan I, at Heraclea. A handful of crusaders under Raymond IV manage to reach the Byzantine port of Bafra, at the mouth of the River Halys.^[1]
• Summer – The Byzantine fleet under Admiral Eustathios recaptures the ports of western Cilicia, Seleucia and Corycus. Eustathios extends his power over Cilician territory (belonging to Bohemond I) further east – occupying Tarsus, Adana and Mamistra.^[2]

Levant

• Spring – King
  Arsuf and Caesarea
  . Baldwin's crusaders pillage Caesarea and massacre the majority of the local population.
• September 7 – Battle of Ramla: A Crusader force (some 1,100 men) under Baldwin I defeats the invading Fatimids at Ramla (modern Israel). Baldwin plunders the Fatimid camp and the survivors flee to Ascalon.

Europe

• June 22 – Roger I, count of Sicily, dies at Mileto in Calabria after a 30-year reign. He is succeeded by his 8-year-old son Simon of Hauteville, while his mother, Adelaide del Vasto, acts as his regent.
• Summer – Almoravid forces under Sultan
  Valencia, which is defended by Jimena Díaz, widow of Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar. The city holds out until May 1102.^[3]
• Autumn – Countess
  Mathilda of Tuscany leads a successful expedition in northern Italy and takes Ferrara
  .
• The county of Berg in Germany is established.

England

• February 3 – Ranulf Flambard, bishop of Durham, escapes from the Tower of London and flees to Normandy. There he joins Robert Curthose, duke of Normandy, who has just returned from the Crusades.
• July 20 – Robert Curthose lands at Portsmouth with an army in an effort to take the English throne from his younger brother, Henry I.^[4]
• August 2 – By the Treaty of Alton, ratified at Winchester, Robert abandons his claim to the throne, recognising Henry as King of England.^[4][5]

By topic

Culture

• A vast compilation of Liao, Korean, and Song Buddhist writings is completed (approximate date).

Religion

• Spring – Antipope Theodoric dies, the partisans of Emperor Henry IV choose Adalbert as the new antipope.
• April 19 – King Canute IV of Denmark is canonized as a saint under the name San Canuto.^[6]
• Fontevraud Abbey is founded by the French preacher Robert of Arbrissel.

Births

• September – Ibn Bashkuwal, Andalusian biographer (d. 1183)
• Abu al-Bayan ibn al-Mudawwar, Jewish physician (d. 1184)
• Arslan Shah I, Seljuk sultan of Kerman (d. 1142)
• Belly-Ars (d. 1206
  )
• Fujiwara no Tamako, Japanese empress consort (d. 1145)
• Helena of Skövde, Swedish noblewoman and saint (d. 1160)
• Stephen II, king of Hungary and Croatia (d. 1131), and his twin Ladislaus

Deaths

• February 12 – Daozong of Liao, Chinese emperor (b. 1032)
• March 14 – Fujiwara no Morozane, Japanese nobleman (b. 1042)
• April 24 – Vseslav of Polotsk, Kievan prince
• Bremen
• June 22 – Roger I, Norman nobleman
• July 27
  • Conrad II, king of Germany and Italy (b. 1074)^[7]
  • Hugh d'Avranches, Norman nobleman
• August 24 – Su Shi, Chinese statesman and poet (b. 1037)
• August 27 – Guillaume de Montfort, bishop of Paris
• September 7 – Geldemar Carpenel, French nobleman
• September 30 – Anselm IV, archbishop of Milan
• September – Ida of Formbach-Ratelnberg, Bavarian-born Margravine of Austria and crusader (k. in battle) (b. c.1055)
• October 5 – Uicheon, Korean Buddhist monk (b. 1055)
• October 6 – Bruno of Cologne, founder of the Carthusian Order (b. c.1030)
• Hugh I, crusader, son of Henry I of France (b. 1057
  )
• November 6 – Welf I, Duke of Bavaria, German nobleman
• November 15 – Elvira of Toro, Leonese princess (b. 1038 or 1039)
• December 11 – Nikon the Dry, Kievan monk and hermit
• December 12 – Al-Musta'li, Fatimid caliph (b. 1074)
• Constantine Bodin, king of Duklja (approximate date)
• Egilbert, archbishop of Trier
• Geoffrey Burel of Amboise, French nobleman, crusader (k. in battle)
• Gilla na Naemh Ua Dunabhra, Irish chief poet
• Qingshui, Chinese Chan Buddhist monk (b. 1047)
• Su Song, Chinese statesman and scientist (b. 1020)
• Theodoric, antipope of the Catholic Church
• Urraca of Zamora, Leonese princess
• Walter of Albano, Italian cardinal-bishop

References