1222

• The Ghurid dynasty capital of Firozkoh (in modern-day Afghanistan) is destroyed, by Mongol Emperor Ögedei Khan.^[1][2][3]

• After the invasion and destruction of the
  Helmand
  , and the enslavement and selling of most of the women of the region.

• Genghis Khan’s armies were said to have killed approximately 1.6 million people in the city of Herat, in Northwestern Afghanistan.^[4]

Mesoamerica

• Chiconquiauhtzin becomes Ruler of the City-state Azcapotzalco at the Valley of Mexico^[5][6]

Europe

• April 17 – Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury in England, opens a council at Osney Abbey, Oxford.^[7][8][9]
• May 9 – Synod of Oxford - The 1222 Christian Synod of Oxford passed anti-Semitic laws that forbade social interactions between Jews and Christians, placed a specific tithe on Jews and required them to wear an identifying badge.^{[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]}
• May 11 – 1222 Cyprus earthquake.^[20][21]
• August – After the death of John I of Sweden on March 10, 6-year-old Erik Eriksson is elected new King of Sweden (sometime between this time and July 1223).^[22][23]
• December 15 – The Golden Bull of 1222 is issued in Hungary, limiting the power of the monarchy over the nobility.^[24][25][26]
• Salimbene de Adam.^[27]
• Livonian Crusade – The Danish fail in their attempt to conquer Saaremaa Island from the Estonians.^[28]
• Ottokar I of Bohemia reunites Bohemia and Moravia.^[29][30]
• The
  Cistercian convent in Alcobaça, Portugal, is completed.^[31][32]
• Approximate date – The
  Royal Standard of Scotland is adopted.^[33]
• Traditional date – The University of Padua is founded in Italy, by Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor.^[34][35]

Births

• February 16 – Nichiren, founder of Nichiren Buddhism (d. 1282)^[36][37]
• August 4 – Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Gloucester, English soldier (d. 1262)^[38][39]
• Andrei II of Russia, Grand Prince of Vladimir (d. 1264)^{[citation needed}
  ]
• Queen Jeongsun (Wonjong) of Korea (d. 1237)^{[citation needed]}

Deaths

• February 1 – Alexios Megas Komnenos, first Emperor of Trebizond^[40][41]
• March 10 – Johan Sverkersson, king of Sweden since 1216 (b. 1201)^[42][43]
• June 23 – Constance of Aragon, Holy Roman Empress, queen consort of Hungary (b. 1179)^[44][45]
• August 2 – Raymond VI, Count of Toulouse (b. 1156)^[46][47]
• August 12 – Vladislaus III, Duke of Bohemia^[48][49]
• Theodore I Lascaris, founder of the Byzantine Empire of Nicaea^[50][51]