1265

Calendar year

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	12th century 13th century 14th century
Decades:	1240s 1250s 1260s 1270s 1280s
Years:	1262 1263 1264 1265 1266 1267 1268

1265 by topic
Leaders
Political entities State leaders Religious leaders
Birth and death categories
Births – Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Establishments – Disestablishments
Art and literature
1265 in poetry
v t e

1265 in various

Minguo calendar

647 before ROC 民前647年
Nanakshahi calendar	−203
Thai solar calendar	1807–1808
Tibetan calendar	阳木鼠年 (male Wood-Rat) 1391 or 1010 or 238     — to — 阴木牛年 (female Wood-Ox) 1392 or 1011 or 239

Year 1265 (MCCLXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar

• Montfort's Parliament) conducts its first meeting in the Palace of Westminster, later to be known as the Houses of Parliament.^[1]
• March – End of the Hungarian Civil War (1264–1265) – Battle of Isaszeg: Younger King Stephen decisively defeats his father's army.^[2]
• May 28 – Future King Edward I of England escapes the captivity of Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester.^[3]
• Byzantine–Venetian treaty is concluded between Venetian envoys and Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos, but is not ratified by Doge Reniero Zeno^[4]
• August 4 – Second Barons' War: The Battle of Evesham is fought in Worcestershire, with the army of Edward defeating the forces of rebellious barons led by Simon de Montfort, resulting in the death of Montfort and many of his allies. This is sometimes considered the death of chivalry in England.^[5]
• The Isle of Man comes under Scottish rule.^[6]
• Mongol armies, led by Nogai Khan, raid Thrace.^[7]
• In the first major battle in five years (since the
  Yangzi River, after Möngke Khan's failed invasion in 1259), Kublai Khan engages the Chinese in Sichuan province. Kublai gains a preliminary victory, and war booty of 146 captured Song Dynasty naval ships.^[8]

• The Book of Aneirin, a Welsh manuscript of poetry, is penned.^[9]
• The
  Budweiser Budvar beer begins in Bohemia; Budweiser Budvar has been produced continuously there to this day.^[10]
• Correspondence from Pope Clement IV contains the first known mention of the ring of the Fisherman, an item of papal regalia then used to seal personal correspondence from the pope, and later for papal bulls.^[11][12]
• February 5 – Pope Clement IV succeeds Pope Urban IV, as the 183rd pope.^[13]

By place

Africa and Asia

• The
  Arsuf, and Caesarea Maritima; these events eventually precipitate the Eighth Crusade in 1267.^[14][15]
• Kublai Khan sends a delegation to Japan, which loots islands along the way.^[16]
• Fire destroys parts of Old Cairo.^[17]
• India, Delhi: Ghiyas-Ud-Din-Balban comes to the throne and introduces Sijdah.^[18]

Births

• May 10 – Emperor Fushimi of Japan (d. 1317)^[19][20]
• December 17 – Emperor Go-Uda of Japan (d. 1324)^[21][22]
• King Alfonso III of Aragon^[23]
• approximate date – Dante Alighieri, Italian poet (d. 1321)^[24]
• approximate date –
  Maria de Molina, regent of Castile (d. 1321)^[25]
• approximate date –
  The Divine Comedy (d. 1290)^[26][27]

• January 20 – John Maunsell, Lord Chancellor of England^[28]
• Hulagu Khan of the Mongol Empire (b. 1217)^[29]
• May 16 – Simon Stock, English prior, canonized (b. c. 1165)^[30]
• June 26 – Anne of Bohemia, Duchess of Silesia (b. 1203 or 1204)^[31]
• August 4 (Killed in the Battle Of Evesham)
  • Hugh le Despencer, 1st Baron le Despencer (b. 1223)^[32]
  • Henry de Montfort (b. 1238)^[33]
  • Peter de Montfort^[33]
  • Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester (b. 1208)^[5]
• November 24 – Magnús Óláfsson, King of Mann and the Isles^[34]
• December 3 – Odofredus, Italian jurist^[35][36]
• Al-Abharī, Persian philosopher and mathematician (b. 1200)^[37]