1536
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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| 1536 by topic |
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| Arts and science |
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| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
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| 376 before ROC 民前376年 | |
| Nanakshahi calendar | 68 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2078–2079 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴木羊年 (female Wood-Goat) 1662 or 1281 or 509 — to — 阳火猴年 (male Fire-Monkey) 1663 or 1282 or 510 |
Year 1536 (MDXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
Jacob Hutter
is burned at the stake.January–June
- January – King Henry VIII of England suffers a leg injury during a jousting tournament in Greenwich.[1]
- January 6 – The Colegio de Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco, the oldest European school of higher learning in the Americas,[2][3] is established by Franciscans in Mexico City.[4]
- Münster Rebellion.[5]
- February 2 – Spaniard Pedro de Mendoza founds Buenos Aires, Argentina.[6]
- February 18 – A Franco-Ottoman alliance exempts French merchants from Ottoman law and allows them to travel, buy and sell throughout the sultan's dominions, and to pay low customs duties on French imports and exports.[7] The compact is confirmed in 1569.[7]
- March
- The first edition of
- The Italian War of 1536–1538 resumes between Francis I of France and Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor.[10] Francis seizes control of Savoy, and captures Turin.[11] Charles triumphally enters Rome, following the Via Triumphalis, and delivers a speech before the Pope and College of Cardinals, publicly challenging the king of France to a duel.
- Malmø surrenders to King Christian III of Denmark.
- Dissolution of the Monasteries.[13] Religious houses closed as part of Henry VIII's dissolution include: Basingwerk Abbey, Bourne Abbey, Brinkburn Priory, Buildwas Abbey, Cartmel Priory, Dorchester Abbey, Dore Abbey, Haltemprice Priory, Keldholme Priory and Tintern Abbey.
- Henry VIII of England, is arrested on the grounds of incest, adultery and treason.[14]
- Siege of Cuzco against a garrison of Spanish conquistadors and Indian auxiliaries, led by Hernando Pizarro.[15]
- Henry VIII of England's marriage to Anne Boleyn to be null and void.[16]
- May 19 – Anne Boleyn is beheaded.[17]
- May 23 – The Inquisition is implemented in Portugal.[18][19]
- Henry VIII of England marries Jane Seymour.[20]
- June 24 – San Juan Bautista del Teul is founded by Cristóbal de Oñate in New Spain.
- June 26 – Spanish navigator Andrés de Urdaneta and a few companions arrive in Lisbon from the Maluku Islands, completing a westward circumnavigation which began with the Loaísa expedition of 1525.[21]
- June 27 – San Pedro Sula is founded by Pedro de Alvarado in Honduras.[22]
July–December
- July 29 – Count's Feud ends when Copenhagen surrenders to King Christian III of Denmark.[23][24] On August 6 he marches into the city and on August 12 arrests the country's bishops, thus consolidating the Protestant Reformation in Denmark.
- August 5 – Guelders Wars: Battle of Heiligerlee – Danish allies of Charles II, Duke of Guelders, under command of Meindert van Ham, are defeated by Habsburg forces under Georg Schenck van Toutenburg in the Low Countries.
- August 10 – Francis III, Duke of Brittany, Dauphin of France, dies having caught a chill after a game of tennis which had developed into a fever; under torture Sebastiano de Montecuccoli, his Italian secretary, confesses to poisoning him and is brutally executed on October 7. Francis' younger brother, Henry, Duke of Orléans, succeeds as heir to the kingdom.[25]
- October 1–December 5 – The Pilgrimage of Grace, a rebellion in England against Henry VIII's church reforms,[13] beginning as the Lincolnshire Rising and spreading to Yorkshire, from where it is led by Robert Aske.
- October 6 – English Bible translator William Tyndale is burned at the stake in Vilvoorde, Flanders.[13]
Date unknown
- Battle of Reynogüelén: Spanish conquistadors defeat a group of Mapuches in Chile, during the expedition of Diego de Almagro.[26]
- Battle of Un no Kuchi: Takeda Family forces defeat Hiraga Genshin.[27]
- Luis Sarmento is the Imperial ambassador to Portugal.[28]
Births
- January 22 – Philibert, Margrave of Baden-Baden (d. 1569)[29]
- February 2
- Scévole de Sainte-Marthe, French poet (d. 1623)[30]
- Piotr Skarga, Polish writer (d. 1612)[31]
- February 12 – Leonardo Donato, Doge of Venice (d. 1612)[32]
- February 24 – Pope Clement VIII (d. 1605)[33]
- March 6 – Santi di Tito, Italian painter (d. 1603)[34]
- March 31 – Ashikaga Yoshiteru, Japanese shōgun (d. 1565)[35]
- April 8 – Barbara of Hesse (d. 1597)[36]
- May 3 – Stephan Praetorius, German theologian (d. 1603)[37]
- May 13 – Jacobus Pamelius, Belgian bishop (d. 1587)[38]
- August 10 – Caspar Olevian, German Protestant theologian (d. 1587)[39]
- August 24 – Matthäus Dresser, German humanist, philosopher and historian (d. 1607)[41]
- October 18 – William Lambarde, English antiquarian, writer on legal subjects, politician (d. 1601)[42]
- October 21 – Joachim Ernest, Prince of Anhalt (d. 1586)[43]
- November 11 – Marcantonio Memmo, Doge of Venice (d. 1615)
- November 22 – Johann VI, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg (d. 1606)[45]
- December 26 – Yi I, Korean Confucian scholar (d. 1584)[46]
- December 29 – Henry VI, Burgrave of Plauen (d. 1572)[47]
- date unknown
- Jeong Cheol, Korean administrator and poet (d. 1593)[48]
- Leonor de Cisneros, Spanish Protestant (d. 1568)
- Juan de Fuca, Greek maritime pilot (d. 1602)[49]
- Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham, English statesman and admiral (d. 1624)[50]
- Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset, English statesman and poet (d. 1608)[52]
- Friedrich Sylburg, German classical scholar (d. 1596)[53]
- Ikeda Tsuneoki, Japanese military commander (d. 1584)
- Giovanni de' Vecchi, Renaissance painter from Italy (d. 1614)[54]
Deaths
- January 6 – Baldassare Peruzzi, Italian architect and painter (b. 1481)[55]
- January 22
- John of Leiden, Anabaptist leader from the Dutch city of Leiden (b. 1509)[5]
- Bernhard Knipperdolling, German religious leader (b. c. 1495)[5]
- February 25
- Berchtold Haller, German-born reformer (b. 1492)[57]
- Jacob Hutter, Tyrolean founder of the Hutterite religious movement (burned at the stake)[8]
- March 15 – Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha, Ottoman grand vizier (b. 1493)[58]
- April 4 – Frederick I, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach (b. 1460)[59]
- May 31 – Charles I, Duke of Münsterberg-Oels, Count of Kladsko, Governor of Bohemia and Silesia (b. 1476)
- June 29 – Bernhard III, Margrave of Baden-Baden (b. 1474)[61]
- July 11 or July 12 – Erasmus, Dutch philosopher (b. 1466)[62]
- June 28 – Richard Pace, English diplomat (b. 1482)[64]
- August 10 – Francis III, Duke of Brittany, Dauphin of France, brother of Henry II (b. 1518)
- September 25 – Johannes Secundus, Dutch poet (b. 1511)[65]
- September 26 – Didier de Saint-Jaille, 46th Grandmaster of the Knights Hospitaller[66]
- September 27 – Felice della Rovere, also known as Madonna Felice, was the illegitimate daughter of Pope Julius II (b. 1483)[67]
- October 6 – William Tyndale, English Protestant Bible translator (b. c. 1494)[68]
- October 14 – Garcilaso de la Vega, Spanish poet (b. 1503)[69][70]
- December 21 – Sir John Seymour, English courtier (b. 1474)[71]
- date unknown
- Hector Boece, Scottish philosopher (b. 1465)[72]
- Cecilia Gallerani, principal mistress of Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan (b. 1473)[73]
- Hiraga Genshin, Japanese retainer and samurai[74]
- John Rastell, English printer and author[75]
- Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples, French theologian and humanist (b. c. 1450)[76]
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