15th legislature of the French Fifth Republic

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

15th legislature of the French Fifth Republic

XVe législature de la Cinquième République française
Ensemble
Structure
Seats577 deputies
Political groups
  •   GDR (15)
  •   FI (17)
  •  
    SOC
    (28)
  •  
    LT
    (18)
  •   EDS (17)
  •  
    LREM
    (280)
  •  
    MoDem
    (46)
  •   AE (17)
  •   UDI (19)
  •   LR (104)
  •   NI (12)

Vacant (4)

  •   Vacant (4)
Elections
Two-round system
Last election
11 and 18 June 2017

The 15th legislature of the French Fifth Republic (

La République En Marche! (LREM), obtained an absolute majority of 308 deputies, alongside its ally, the Democratic Movement (MoDem), which secured 42 seats. The newly-installed deputies elected François de Rugy as President of the National Assembly when the National Assembly first convened on 27 June. The legislative election saw a record level of renewal, with only a quarter of the deputies elected in 2012
also elected in 2017, as well as a significant increase in the representation of women and youth. With seven planned parliamentary groups, it would be the most fragmented National Assembly since 1958.

It was preceded by the 14th legislature and succeeded by the 16th legislature.

Composition of the executive

  • LREM
    ), since 14 May 2017
  • LREM
    ), since 3 July 2020

Composition of the National Assembly

See also: List of deputies of the 15th National Assembly of France
Proportion of women elected
to the National Assembly[1]
2017 elections
 
 38.8%
2012 elections
 
 26.9%
2007 elections
 
 18.5%
2002 elections
 
 12.1%
1997 elections
 
 10.8%
1993 elections
 
 5.9%
1988 elections
 
 5.6%

A record number and proportion of women were elected in the legislative elections, with 224 in total representing 38.8% of the National Assembly. This was an 11.9 percentage point increase over the previous legislature in which 155 women were elected deputies, representing 26.9% of the composition.[1]

The average age of deputies in the 15th legislature was also significantly lower than that of the previous, at 48 years and 240 days compared to the previous legislature at 53 years and 195 days. The number of deputies under 30 years old soared from 4 to 29, while the number from 30 to 49 years old increased from 197 to 271, and the number of deputies between 60 and 69 years old was halved from 171 to 87.[2]

Higher professions continued to remain dominant in the assembly despite these changes.[2]

The legislative elections also saw a massive degree of renewal, with only a quarter of deputies elected in 2012 being re-elected in 2017; of the 354 outgoing deputies who stood for re-election, only 148 won. A total of 429 deputies elected to the 15th legislature were not elected in 2012. The renewal can be explained in part by the large number of outgoing deputies who did not seek to retain their seat: 223 deputies, representing 39% of the assembly. Of the 354 who did present themselves, 125 were eliminated in the first round on 11 June, 81 were defeated in the second round, and 148 were re-elected.[3]

Changes in composition

See also: List of deputies of the 15th National Assembly of France § Former deputies

Members of the National Assembly who join the government are required to give up their seats to their substitutes (suppléants) a month after their appointment, as stipulated in the constitution.[4] Should ministers quit the government, they recover their seat in the National Assembly from their substitute a month after their resignation. By-elections are held in the event of the annulation of electoral results or vacancies caused by resignations (in most circumstances not those related to the death of a deputy, in which case the substitute takes the seat if possible), except within the year before legislative elections.[5]

The appointment of the

Philippe II government, Ferrand took his seat after his ephemeral ministerial tenure, as did de Sarnez after her departure from the government.[7]

By-elections

Main article: List of by-elections to the 15th National Assembly of France
Dates Constituency Incumbent deputy Party Group Elected deputy Party Reason for by-election Ref(s)
28 Jan and 4 Feb 2018 Val-d'Oise's 1st Isabelle Muller-Quoy
LREM
LREM
 Antoine Savignat LR Election invalidated by the Constitutional Council [8][9][10]
28 Jan and 4 Feb 2018 Territoire de Belfort's 1st Ian Boucard LR LR Ian Boucard LR Election invalidated by the Constitutional Council [11][12][13]
4 Mar and 11 Mar 2018 French Guiana's 2nd Lénaïck Adam
LREM
LREM
 Lénaïck Adam
LREM
 Election invalidated by the Constitutional Council [14][15]
11 Mar and 18 Mar 2018 Haute-Garonne's 8th Joël Aviragnet PS
NG
 Joël Aviragnet PS Election invalidated by the Constitutional Council [16][17]
18 Mar and 25 Mar 2018 Loiret's 4th Jean-Pierre Door LR LR Jean-Pierre Door LR Election invalidated by the Constitutional Council [18][19]
18 Mar and 25 Mar 2018 Mayotte's 1st Ramlati Ali PS
LREM
 Ramlati Ali
LREM
 Election invalidated by the Constitutional Council [20][21]
8 Apr and 22 Apr 2018 French residents overseas' 5th Samantha Cazebonne
LREM
LREM
 Samantha Cazebonne
LREM
 Election invalidated by the Constitutional Council [22][23]
15 Apr and 22 Apr 2018 Wallis and Futuna's 1st Napole Polutele DVG
UAI
app. 		Sylvain Brial SE Election invalidated by the Constitutional Council [24][25]
23 Sep and 30 Sep 2018
Réunion's 7th
 Thierry Robert MoDem
MoDem
 Jean-Luc Poudroux DVD Declared ineligible by the Constitutional Council [26]
18 Nov and 25 Nov 2018 Essonne's 1st Manuel Valls DVG
LREM
 Francis Chouat
LREM
 Resignation [27]

Election of the President of the National Assembly

The election of the

La République En Marche! voiced support for electing a president from among their ranks. Emmanuel Macron has also indicated a preference for a woman to become president of the assembly.[30]
Deputies named as ministers may not participate in the election of the president of the assembly, and their substitutes are only seated a month after the formation of the government (21 July).

Three deputies under the LREM label sought to seek the election as President of the National Assembly. After his re-election in

Laure de la Raudière for the "constructives" group, Laurence Dumont for the "New Left" (former socialist) group, and Caroline Fiat for the FI group. The LREM candidate François de Rugy was designated by a vote of members; with 301 votes, a total of 153 votes were cast for de Rugy, 59 for Errante, 54 for Bourguignon, 32 for Philippe Folliot (whose candidacy was announced on 27 June by government spokesman Christophe Castaner), 2 blank votes, and 1 null vote.[34] De Rugy was ultimately elected president of the assembly with 353 votes, against 94 for Taugourdeau, 34 for de La Raudière, 32 for Dumont, and 30 for Fiat, with 567 votes of which 543 were expressed.[35]

Candidate Constituency Political
group 		Votes %
François de Rugy Loire-Atlantique's 1st LREM 353 65.01
Jean-Charles Taugourdeau Maine-et-Loire's 3rd LR 94 17.31
Laure de La Raudière Eure-et-Loir's 3rd LC 34 6.26
Laurence Dumont Calvados's 2nd NG 32 5.89
Caroline Fiat Meurthe-et-Moselle's 6th FI 30 5.52
Votes 567 100.00
Blank and null votes 24 4.23
Expressed votes 543 95.77
Designation of the LREM candidate[34]
Candidate Constituency Political
group 		Votes
François de Rugy Loire-Atlantique's 1st LREM 153
Sophie Errante Loire-Atlantique's 10th LREM 59
Brigitte Bourguignon Pas-de-Calais's 6th LREM 54
Philippe Folliot Tarn's 1st LREM 32
Votes 301
Blank votes 2
Null votes 1

Parliamentary groups

Parliamentary groups had until 26 June to elect their presidents, and on 27 June political groups were officially registered within the National Assembly through the rendering of a political declaration signed by each of its members.[30] With 7 parliamentary groups, this National Assembly would be the most fragmented since 1958.[36]

The

La République En Marche!, with more than the 15 seats required to form a parliamentary group.[37] The French Communist Party and la France Insoumise, which failed to secure an alliance during the preceding legislative elections,[38] also chose to form independent groups in the National Assembly, with André Chassaigne of the PCF announcing the continuation of the previous group on 21 June, including 11 of its own deputies and 4 from overseas France, but without opposition to the FI group. Jean-Luc Mélenchon's demand to impose voting discipline and an obligation to respect the program of his movement prevented the creation of a common group.[39]

In the aftermath of the legislative elections, the split between Macron-compatible "constructives" within

new common group in the National Assembly with the Union of Democrats and Independents (UDI) likely to contain 18 UDI and about 15 LR deputies. The formation of two parliamentary groups on the right represented a symbolic divorce to the two threads on the right (the moderates and the hardliners) and the end of the old Union for a Popular Movement (UMP) which had been created in 2002 to unite the right and centre.[40]

On 21 June,

la France insoumise group on 27 June, the "constructives" group selected Franck Riester (LR) and Stéphane Demilly (UDI) as co-chairs, and the GDR will continue to be presided over by André Chassaigne.[34]

Composition of the National Assembly as of 30 October 2018[45]
Parliamentary group Members Related Total President
LREM
La République En Marche
 307 1 308 Gilles Le Gendre
LR The Republicans 99 5 104 Christian Jacob
MoDem
Democratic Movement and affiliated
 40 6 46 Patrick Mignola
NG
New Left
 25 4 29 Valérie Rabault
UAI
UDI, Agir and Independents
 27 1 28 Jean-Christophe Lagarde
FI La France Insoumise 17 0 17 Jean-Luc Mélenchon
GDR Democratic and Republican Left 16 0 16 André Chassaigne
LT
Libertés and Territories
 16 0 16 Bertrand Pancher, Philippe Vigier
NI Non-inscrits – – 12 –
Vacant, pending Essonne's 1st by-elections 1 –

Bureau of the National Assembly

The National Assembly elected six vice presidents, three quaestors, and twelve secretaries on 30 October 2018.[46]

Composition of the bureau[47]
Post Name Constituency Group
President Richard Ferrand Finistère's 6th LREM
Vice president Carole Bureau-Bonnard Oise's 6th LREM
Hugues Renson Paris's 13th LREM
Sylvain Waserman Bas-Rhin's 2nd constituency Modem
Marc Le Fur Côtes-d'Armor's 3rd LR
Annie Genevard Doubs's 5th LR
Maurice Leroy Loir-et-Cher's 3rd UAI
Quaestor Florian Bachelier Ille-et-Vilaine's 8th LREM
Laurianne Rossi Hauts-de-Seine's 11th LREM
Éric Ciotti Alpes-Maritimes's 1st LR
Secretary Lénaïck Adam French Guiana's 2nd LREM
Ramlati Ali Mayotte's 1st LREM
Clémentine Autain Seine-Saint-Denis's 11th FI
Danielle Brulebois Jura's 1st LREM
Luc Carvounas Val-de-Marne's 9th NG
Lionel Causse Landes's 2nd LREM
Laurence Dumont Calvados's 2nd NG
Marie Guévenoux Essonne's 9th LREM
Annaïg Le Meur Finistère's 1st LREM
Sophie Mette Gironde's 9th MoDem
Gabriel Serville French Guiana's 1st GDR
Guillaume Vuilletet Val-d'Oise's 2nd LREM

Former members of National Assembly's Bureau

Post Name Constituency Group Mandate
President François de Rugy Loire-Atlantique's 1st LREM 27 June 2017 – 4 September 2018 [48]
Vice president Cendra Motin Isère's 6th LREM 28 June 2017 – 7 November 2017 [49]
Danielle Brulebois Jura's 1st LREM 28 June 2017 – 7 November 2017 [50]
Sacha Houlié Vienne's 2nd LREM 28 June 2017 – 16 January 2018 [51]
Yves Jégo Seine-et-Marne's 3rd UAI 16 January 2018 - 15 July 2018[52]
Quaestor Thierry Solère Hauts-de-Seine's 9th UAI, later LREM 28 June 2017 – 16 January 2018 [53]
Secretary Lénaïck Adam French Guiana's 2nd LREM 28 June 2017 – 8 December 2017
Ramlati Ali Mayotte's 1st LREM 28 June 2017 – 19 January 2018
Stéphanie Do Seine-et-Marne's 10th LREM 28 June 2017 – 31 January 2018
Marie Lebec Yvelines's 4th LREM 1 February 2018 – 3 April 2018

Presidencies of committees

The presidencies of the eight standing committees was divided between the political groups on 29 June.[34]

Presidencies of committees[47]
Standing committees President Group
Cultural and Education Affairs Committee Bruno Studer LREM
Economic Affairs Committee Roland Lescure LREM
Foreign Affairs Committee Marielle de Sarnez MoDem
Social Affairs Committee Brigitte Bourguignon LREM
National Defence and Armed Forces Committee Jean-Jacques Bridey LREM
Sustainable Development, Spatial and Regional Planning Committee Barbara Pompili LREM
Finance, General Economy and Budgetary Monitoring Committee
 Éric Woerth LR
Constitutional Acts, Legislation and General Administration Committee
 Yaël Braun-Pivet LREM
Other committee President Group
European Affairs Committee Sabine Thillaye LREM

Vote of confidence

In the vote of confidence in the new government on 4 July 2017, 370 voted in favor, 67 opposed, and 129 abstained,[54] representing a record level of abstention and the lowest level of opposition since 1959.[55]

Vote of confidence on 4 July 2017[54]
For Against Abstentions Non-voting
370
  • LREM (305)
  • MoDem (46)
  • LC (12)
  • NG (3)
  • NI (3)
  • LR (1)
 67
  • LR (23)
  • FI (17)
  • GDR (12)
  • NI (10)
  • NG (5)
 129
  • LR (75)
  • LC (23)
  • NG (23)
  • GDR (4)
  • NI (4)
 11
  • LREM (9)
  • LR (1)
  • MoDem (1)

Results of the legislative elections

Main article: 2017 French legislative election
La République En Marche!
6,391,26928.2127,826,24543.06306308
Democratic Movement932,2274.1201,100,6566.064242
Total7,323,42632.3328,926,90149.11348350
Parliamentary
right		The Republicans3,573,42715.7704,040,20322.23112112
Union of Democrats and Independents687,2253.031551,7843.041718
Miscellaneous right625,3452.760306,0741.6866
Total4,885,99721.5714,898,06126.95135136
National Front2,990,45413.2001,590,8698.7588
La France Insoumise2,497,62211.030883,5734.861717
Parliamentary
left		Socialist Party1,685,6777.4401,032,8425.683030
Miscellaneous left362,2811.601263,4881.451112
Radical Party of the Left106,3110.47064,8600.3633
Total2,154,2699.5111,361,1907.494445
Ecologists[a]973,5274.30023,1970.1311
French Communist Party615,4872.720217,8331.201010
Miscellaneous500,3092.210100,5740.5533
Debout la France265,4201.17017,3440.1011
Regionalists204,0490.900137,4900.7655
Far-left175,2140.7700
Far-right[b]68,3200.30019,0340.1011
Total22,654,164100.00418,176,066100.00573577
Valid votes22,654,16497.7818,176,06690.14
Invalid votes156,3260.67578,7652.87
Blank votes357,0181.541,409,7846.99
Total votes23,167,508100.0020,164,615100.00
Registered voters/turnout47,570,98848.7047,293,10342.64
Source: Ministry of the Interior
  1. Europe Ecology – The Greens
    .
  2. ^ Seat won by League of the South

Successive governments

  • Philippe II
    from 21 June 2017 until 3 July 2020 lasting 3 years, 12 days
  • Castex
    from 3 July 2020 lasting 3 years, 297 days
  • Borne government from May 2022

See also

References

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External links

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