1604 Quanzhou earthquake
Local date | December 29, 1604 |
---|---|
Magnitude | Mw 8.1 |
Depth | 5–10 km (3.1–6.2 mi) |
Epicenter | 23°32′N 117°14′E / 23.54°N 117.24°E |
Areas affected | Ming dynasty |
Max. intensity | MMI IX (Violent) |
Tsunami | Unlikely[1] |
Casualties | "Several" |
The 1604 Quanzhou earthquake was an extremely large
Tectonic setting
The coast of
Earthquake
The earthquake was associated with the Bingai Fault System of the Southeast China Coast seismic zone. The Binhai Fault System, also known as the Littoral Fault System runs offshore in a north-northeast orientation for a total length of 500 km. Movement along the fault occurs in a right-lateral
By modelling the earthquake and comparing the simulated
Impact
Two foreshocks occurred on December 22 and 28 in Anhai and Hui'an County, respectively. The main shock on 29 December in the evening caused serious damage in the Minnan region. At least 22 counties across Fujian, Jiangxi, and Zhejiang suffered extensive destruction. The quake was felt 1,000 km away in Anhui, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, and Guangxi. The maximum intensity near the coast has been evaluated to be IX (Destructive) on the China seismic intensity scale. Intensity VII (Very strong) was felt over an area of 20,669 km2.[5]
In Quanzhou, land slumping occurred, carrying many homes and shops away. Many roads, defensive wall, bridges and temples were destroyed. Liquefaction caused water and sand to erupt from the ground.[6] Two rafters at the east pagoda of the Kaiyuan Temple, and eight at the southeast were destroyed. Severe damage also occurred on the Luoyang Bridge. Sulfur gases, sand and water was emitted from Mount Qingyuan.[5]
At
See also
References
- ^ "Tsunami Event Information CHINA: FUJIAN PROVINCE: OFF COAST". NGDC NCEI. NCEI. Retrieved 3 December 2021.
- ^ Megawati, K.; Wong W.T.; Chan L.S.; Chandler A.M. & Chan Y.W. (2004). "Simulation of Distant Earthquakes Affecting Hong Kong" (PDF). 3rd International Conference on Continental Earthquakes, Beijing, China, 12–14 July 2004. Hong Kong Observatory. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 March 2012. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
- S2CID 129409870. Archived from the original(PDF) on 10 June 2012. Retrieved 6 November 2011.
- ^ S2CID 241376540.
- ^ a b c "Significant Earthquake Information". ngdc.noaa.gov. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Retrieved 3 December 2021.
- ^ "福建泉州地震" [Earthquake in Quanzhou, Fujian]. kepu.net.cn (in Chinese). Chinese Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 3 December 2021.