1814 in the United Kingdom
1814 in the United Kingdom |
Other years |
1812 | 1813 | 1814 | 1815 | 1816 |
Constituent countries of the United Kingdom |
England | Ireland | Scotland | Wales |
Sport |
1814 English cricket season
|
Events from the year 1814 in the United Kingdom.
Incumbents
- Monarch – George III
- Regent – George, Prince Regent
- Prime Minister – Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (Tory)
- Foreign Secretary – Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh
- Home Secretary – Henry Addington, Viscount Sidmouth
Events
January
- 14 January
- Treaty of Kiel cedes Danish Heligoland to the United Kingdom.[1]
- Troopship Queen, newly returned from Spain, is driven ashore and wrecked on Trefusis Point near Mylor, Cornwall with the probable loss of at least 300.[2]
- The third-coldest month in the CET series with an average of −2.9 °C or 26.8 °F[3] allows the last River Thames frost fair in London.[4]
- 26 January – actor Edmund Kean makes his London début in an adult leading rôle as Shylock at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane.
February
- 12 February – a fire destroys the Custom House in the City of London.[5]
- 21 February – Great Stock Exchange Fraud in London.
April
- 1 April – the Gas Light and Coke Company begins the world's first permanent public gas lighting of streets in the parish of St Margaret's, Westminster,[6] extending to other parts of London by 25 December.[7]
- 10 April – the Duke of Wellington wins the Battle of Toulouse, ending the Peninsular War.[1]
- 28 April – first running of the .
May
- 5 May – War of 1812: The British attack Fort Ontario at Oswego, New York.
- 30 May – Treaty of Paris: the United Kingdom takes control of Malta, Tobago, Saint Lucia, and Mauritius from France.[1]
June
- 22 June – first Lord's Cricket Ground in St John's Wood.[4]
- 23 June – After five years away, having led Allied forces to victory in the Peninsular War, the Duke of Wellington arrives in Dover to a rapturous reception.
- 24 April – Allied sovereigns' visit to England concludes with naval review in Portsmouth. Wellington joins the foreign dignatiries.
July
- 5 July – War of 1812: Chippewa, Ontario.
- 25 July
- War of 1812: Fort Erie.
- .
- War of 1812:
- 26 July – opening of Ryde Pier on the Isle of Wight, the first pier in the United Kingdom.[8]
- 28 July to 13 September – poet Percy Bysshe Shelley abandons his pregnant wife and runs away with the sixteen-year-old Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin, accompanied by her stepsister Jane Clairmont (also 16), to France and Switzerland.[9]
August
- 1 August – the Hanoverian Succession
- 12 August – the last hanging under the petitions for reprieve.
- 13 August – the Cochin in India.
- 24 August – War of 1812: The Burning of Washington: British troops burn Washington, D.C.[1]
- 28 August – Alexandria, Virginia, offers surrender to the British fleet without a fight.
September
- 10 September – the last recorded duel in Wales is fought at Newcastle Emlyn: Thomas Heslop of Jamaica is killed; a local landowner, Beynon, is found guilty and fined one shilling.
October
- 17 October – Meux's Brewerybursts, demolishing buildings and killing nine.
- 18 October – British troop transport Sovereign is wrecked on St. Paul Island (Nova Scotia) with the loss of between 199 and 212 of the 237 people on board.[10][11]
- 23 October – the first plastic surgery carried out in England by Dr Joseph Constantine Carpue.[4]
November
- 29 November – the first edition of
December
- 24 December – Treaty of Ghent signed by the United Kingdom and the United States ending the War of 1812, however due to the time it takes for news to reach America, fighting continues for weeks.[4]
Ongoing
- Napoleonic Wars, 1803–1815
Undated
- Jeremiah Colman begins making Colman's mustard at Stoke Holy Cross mill near Norwich.
- James Purdey establishes his gunmaking business in London.
- John Abernethy appointed lecturer in anatomy to the Royal College of Surgeons.
- John Keats leaves apprenticeship to become a student at a local hospital.
- The .
Publications
- Mansfield Park.
- The Wanderer: or, Female Difficulties.
- Lord Byron's tales in verse The Corsair (sells 10,000 copies on publication day (1 February)[12] and over 25,000 in the first month, going through seven editions) and Lara[13] (sells 6,000 copies on publication in the summer).
- Henry Cary's blank verse translation of Dante's Divine Comedy (complete).
- Walter Scott's (anonymous) first prose work, the historical novel Waverley (sells out within 2 days of publication (7 July)).
- William Wordsworth's long poem The Excursion.
Births
- 7 January – Robert Nicoll, Scottish radical journalist and poet (died 1837)
- 21 April – Angela Burdett-Coutts, philanthropist (died 1906)
- 8 June – Charles Reade, novelist and dramatist (died 1884)
- 28 June – Frederick William Faber, poet, hymnodist, theologian and Catholic convert (died 1863)
- 28 August – Sheridan le Fanu, Irish-born writer (died 1873)
- 3 September – James Joseph Sylvester, mathematician (died 1897)
- 7 September – William Butterfield, architect (died 1900)
- 28 December – John Bennet Lawes, agricultural scientist (died 1900)
Deaths
- 27 January – Philip Astley, circus promoter (born 1742)
- 12 April – Charles Burney, music historian (born 1726)
- 12 July – William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe, general (born 1729)
- 19 July – Captain Matthew Flinders, explorer of the coasts of Australia (born 1774)
- 25 July – Charles Dibdin, composer (born 1745)
- 31 August – Arthur Phillip, admiral and first governor of New South Wales (born 1738)
- 18 November – William Jessop, civil engineer (born 1745)
- 22 November – Edward Rushton, abolitionist and pioneer of education for the blind (born 1756)
- 9 December – Joseph Bramah, inventor and locksmith (born 1748)
References
- ^ ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ "SV Queen". wrecksite. 25 April 2016. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
- ^ Hadley Centre Ranked Central England temperature.
- ^ ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
- ISBN 0-333-57688-8.
- ^ Higman, Chris (March 2014), "The Gas Light and Coke Company" (PDF), 200 Years of Commercial Gas Production, p. 5, archived from the original (PDF) on 21 May 2014, retrieved 20 May 2014
- ^ "Gas Light and Coke Co". Grace's Guide. 16 May 2014. Retrieved 20 May 2014.
- ISBN 0-85361-636-1.
- ^ History of a Six Weeks' Tour.
- ^ The Times 9395 1814-12-19 p.3A.
- ^ "Sovereign - 1814". On the Rocks. Maritime Museum of the Atlantic. 5 October 2007. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
- ISBN 0-500-01332-2.
- ISBN 0-19-860634-6.