1830 Volunteers' Commemorative Cross
1830 Volunteers' Commemorative Cross | |
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Kingdom of Belgium | |
Eligibility | Belgian citizens |
Status | No longer awarded |
Established | 20 April 1878 |
In 1833, following the end of the Belgian Revolution, the young kingdom of Belgium created the Iron Cross to recognise wounds received and bravery in battle. The award first class was bestowed to the wounded who elected to stay at their post and keep fighting, to the maimed and mutilated, as well as for acts of courage,[1] the award second class was bestowed to all wounded combatants.[2] In 1835, due to the discontent of most recipients, the award 2nd class was terminated and all received the first class.[3] Over the years, recipients of the Iron Cross received ever increasing pensions,[4][5] up to ten years of seniority when employed as civil servants[6] and pensions for the widows and orphans of the deceased.[7] The other combatants of 1830-1831 received no pension, and no commemorative medal was struck.
These forgotten veterans' discontent grew over the years to the point of forming the "Federation of Volunteer Combatants of 1830" which openly and actively lobbied for recognition of their combat actions. It was not until over forty years later, in 1878, that
Award statute
The 1830 Volunteers' Commemorative Cross (
Award description
The 1830 Volunteers' Commemorative Cross was a white enamelled
The cross was suspended by a ring through a lateral hole in the royal crown's orb from a silk
Obverse | Reverse |
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Notable recipients (partial list)
- Major General Nicolas François Edouard Brialmont[9]
- Cavalry Lieutenant General Narcisse Auguste Ablaÿ de Perceval[9]
See also
References
- ^ "Law of 8 October 1833 creating the Iron Cross". Belgian Government. 1833-10-08.
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(help) - ^ "Royal decree of 22 August 1834 creating the Iron Cross 2nd class". Belgian Government. 1834-08-22.
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(help) - ^ "Royal decree of 21 February 1835 amalgamating the Iron Cross 1st and 2nd class". Belgian Government. 1835-02-21.
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(help) - ^ "Budgetary Law of 1842 creating a pension for recipients of the Iron Cross". Belgian Government. 1842.
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(help) - ^ "Budgetary Law of 1855 increasing the pension for recipients of the Iron Cross". Belgian Government. 1855.
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(help) - ^ "Law of 27 May 1857 on Civil Service by recipients of the Iron Cross". Belgian Government. 1857-05-27.
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(help) - ^ "Budgetary Law of 1858 for widows and orphans of deceased recipients of the Iron Cross". Belgian Government. 1858.
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(help) - ^ a b c d "Royal Decree of 20 April 1878 creating the 1830 Volunteers' Commemorative Cross". Belgian Government. 1878-04-20.
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(help) - ^ a b "Royal Decree of 23 September 1878 awarding the 1830 Volunteers' Commemorative Cross". Belgian Government. 1878-09-23.
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Other sources
- Quinot H., 1950, Recueil illustré des décorations belges et congolaises, 4e Edition. (Hasselt)
- Cornet R., 1982, Recueil des dispositions légales et réglementaires régissant les ordres nationaux belges. 2e Ed. N.pl., (Brussels)
- Borné A.C., 1985, Distinctions honorifiques de la Belgique, 1830-1985 (Brussels)
External links
- Les Ordres Nationaux Belges (In French)
- Bibliothèque royale de Belgique (In French)
- ARS MORIENDI Notables from Belgian history Archived 2011-09-06 at the Wayback Machine (In French and Dutch)