1893–94 Small Heath F.C. season

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Crewe Alexandra
(6 December 1893)

The 1893–94 season was the 13th season of competitive

test match system. This year, they finished as distant runners-up in the League, eight points behind Liverpool, but were successful in the test match, defeating Darwen 3–1 to confirm their place in the First Division for the 1894–95 Football League
season. The club struggled financially during the season, and there were suggestions that it might have disbanded had promotion not been secured.

Small Heath entered the

friendly matches
than in the previous season, instead competing in a regionally organised supplementary competition, the United Counties League, in which they finished third of four teams in the southern section.

Small Heath used 23 different players in nationally organised competitive matches during the season and had 12 different goalscorers. Four players,

Billy Ollis, appeared in every League match, all but Devey for the second consecutive season. The top scorer was inside-forward Frank Mobley with 25 goals – his total of 24 League goals made him the Second Division's leading scorer – and all five first-choice forwards
reached double figures for the second season running.

Background

Small Heath were elected to the newly formed

test match system, in which each of the lowest-ranked three teams from the First Division played off against one of the highest-ranked three from the Second Division. Small Heath lost to Newton Heath after a replay, so were not promoted.[1] The League's Annual General Meeting heard proposals that the First Division be expanded to either 20 or 18 teams. Both motions were, unsurprisingly, seconded by Small Heath, but both were defeated, thus confirming that the team would play in the Second Division for the 1893–94 season.[2] The Second Division championship shield was presented to the club at a meeting of the Football League held at the Colonnade Hotel in New Street, Birmingham, in August.[3]

Of the regular first-team members from the previous season,

Billy Ollis, and forwards Jack Hallam, Tommy Hands, Frank Mobley, Billy Walton and Fred Wheldon all remained with the club.[8] Newcomers included forwards Jack Lee, Charles Izon and Walter Jackson, all signed from non-league clubs in the West Midlands area.[4] Alfred Jones continued as secretary-manager, and Caesar Jenkyns retained the captaincy.[7] The team adopted a new kit, keeping the white knickerbockers but replacing the royal blue shirt and stockings with shirts in a lighter shade of blue, with navy collar trim, cuffs and pocket and navy stockings.[9]

Review

September

A faded photograph of a posed group of men, outdoors. At the front are six men sitting on benches and two seated on the ground, each dressed in sports clothing, a light-coloured shirt with darker trim, white shorts, dark socks and boots. Standing at the back are eight men, some bearded, wearing hats and coats, and three men in sports clothing. In front of the men is a large trophy in the form of a shield.
Small Heath F.C. pictured before the first home match of the 1893–94 season with the Football League Second Division trophy. Players: (standing, left to right) Jolley, Hollis, Devey; (seated) Hallam, Pumfrey, Mobley, Jenkyns, Wheldon, Hands; (on ground) Ollis, Lee.

Small Heath opened their second season in the

Gilbert Smith his debut at full back.[13]

In the return fixture against Walsall,

Burslem Port Vale "beat Small Heath on Monday in more decided a fashion than did Liverpool", by five goals to nil,[16] the poor form shown in the previous two matches by the forwards, and by Wheldon in particular, was much improved at Ardwick.[17] Although Small Heath scored only once, the resultant win was enough to take them into October in second place in the division, having already completed a quarter of the 28-game league programme.[18]

October

Head and upper torso of a young dark-haired man with thick eyebrows and a large moustache. He is looking straight ahead, and is wearing a tasselled cap and open-necked striped sports shirt.
Caesar Jenkyns, Small Heath's captain

Small Heath came back from a 2–1 half-time deficit to beat Grimsby Town 5–2,[19] but the visit of Liverpool was eventful in a rather different manner. After the referee rejected the Liverpool players' claim that Small Heath's equaliser had entered the goal through a hole in the side netting, their play became rough, culminating in centre-half Joe McQue, a "strapping fellow", kicking Frank Mobley in the abdomen, apparently intentionally. While the referee was cautioning McQue, Small Heath captain Caesar Jenkyns rushed in, knocked McQue to the ground, and was sent off. With a man advantage, it still took Liverpool until the stroke of time to score the winning goal. The Post's reporter suggested that, despite the provocation, Jenkyns should not have reacted the way he did, but "the knowledge that it cost his side the game" was sufficient punishment.[20] Despite the referee in his report agreeing that "the punishment of being sent off would meet case", and that Jenkyns had "played a perfectly fair game" and had expressed regret at his actions, both when dismissed and after the game,[21] the Football Association imposed a four-week suspension, to begin on 31 October.[22]

In the meantime the play of Jenkyns and his fellow half-backs was instrumental in a 4–1 defeat of

goal average.[18]

November

While most of the Second Division clubs were involved in FA Cup qualifying ties, Small Heath, who had received a bye to the first round proper, lost a

Crewe Alexandra players were changed and ready to play, the referee would not start the game because the "blinding snowstorm would prevent him from having a proper sight of the play".[27]

Middlesbrough Ironopolis failed to live up to the billing. A storm that cost hundreds of lives at sea had left the Paradise Ground with damaged railings and grandstand blown down, and only a few hundred spectators stood in the pouring rain to see the home side produce a surprise victory by three goals to nil on a sodden pitch.[29] The Leicester Chronicle feared "that last year's second division champions are far from being what they were", having dropped as many points already as in the whole of the previous season.[30]

December

Jenkyns returned from suspension against a

Newcastle United travelled to Birmingham on the Friday, to be fresh for Saturday's match, as Small Heath had done in the reverse fixture, and again, the tactic worked.[34] Their forwards "displayed excellent combination", were "splendidly supported by the half-backs", and "but for [Jenkyns'] untiring efforts matters would have been worse" than the 4–1 defeat.[35]

Changes were made for the visit of

Middlesbrough Ironopolis, Arthur Littleford, Charles Izon and Bernard Pumfrey coming in for Smith, Mobley and Jack Hallam. The half-backs were again the backbone of the team, and Wheldon, who produced "a brilliant exposition of dodging and shooting", scored the winning goal five minutes from time in what the Standard's reporter described as a "rattling good game".[36] Fred Speller was reported to have "not been seen in such form since his leg was broken last year" in a Boxing Day friendly with top amateur club Marlow, the club from which he signed for Small Heath. Their last League match of 1893, a comfortable 6–0 victory against Lincoln City, took them into the new year in second place in the division, three points ahead of Notts County but two points behind Liverpool, who had played two fewer matches. Pumfrey strengthened the defence, George Hollis was as usual secure in goal, and the forwards, with the returning Mobley and the introduction of reserve-team player Walter Jackson, "showed better combination and greater dash than they have recently done".[37][18]

January

Crewe Alexandra, the home players reportedly played "with supreme indifference to the safety of their opponents' limbs". Hands, who had been one of Small Heath's better performers, was carried off after receiving a "nasty kick" to the leg, but despite having to play with ten men, the visitors won 5–3. Of Crewe's three goals, the first should have been disallowed for offside and the third was a Ted Devey own goal.[40]

Bolton Wanderers, who were so keen to have the match played on their own ground that they offered Small Heath the total gate receipts up to £150 and a half share of receipts above that figure, with a minimum guarantee of £60, to agree to a change of venue. The offer was declined.[42] Bolton were predicted to lose,[43] but they did not. With the wind behind them, Small Heath took a two-goal half-time lead, but in the second half, Hollis, who had "not given a worse display in goal all season", made numerous mistakes, gifted the visitors two goals, and the final score was 4–3 to the First Division side.[44]

February

Third-placed

Charles Partridge, making his Football League debut after Hollis was taken ill, played behind an experimental defensive pairing of half-back Ted Devey and reserve-team player George Short. Despite the scoreline, the Nottinghamshire Guardian described them as "a very useful pair of backs", although not up to the home team's standard, and the Daily Post rated Devey as "easily the best left-back the club have played this season". Two of Notts' goals were fortunate: an attempted clearance by Devey ricocheted off Jenkyns' head for their second goal, and for their third, the ball appeared to be heading safely over the crossbar until caught by a gust of wind.[45]

Eight Midlands clubs formed a league to be played as a supplementary competition to fill vacant dates in the season without the trouble and expense of arranging friendly matches,

West Bromwich Albion took a 5–1 lead in the first half at Coventry Road, yet in the second, the Small Heath forwards raised their level of performance, scored three times without reply, and were unfortunate not to secure a draw.[49] Two days later, the First Division club won the return match at Stoney Lane rather more comfortably.[50]

The committee organised a public meeting at which chairman Walter Hart bemoaned the poor attendances, which he felt would not improve unless the team were promoted to the First Division, mentioned that the club had rejected a "big offer from a neighbouring club for the release of a prominent player", and called for £200 to be raised to bring in players to strengthen the team's defence. A collection in the hall raised cash and pledges to the value of

Aston Villa.[49]

March

In front of a large crowd, Small Heath suffered what was described as an "unfortunate" one-goal defeat at

William Purves, from Rotherham Town and Irish club Glentoran respectively.[53]

The Small Heath club staged a "double-header" the following Saturday. After the reserves beat

Burslem Port Vale, the Small Heath forwards had "rarely been seen to greater advantage" as they scored six without reply.[58]

The semi-final of the

extra time,[59] and the replay was arranged for two weeks later at Coventry Road.[60] In their penultimate match of the Football League season, Small Heath produced a good team performance to win 4–1 at Woolwich Arsenal and reach 100 League goals for the season. The forwards played a characteristic "beautifully combined" game, the half-backs, particularly Jenkyns, were too strong for the home forwards, Purves looked set to be the full-back the team had needed for some time, and Charsley "kept goal exceedingly well".[61]

April

Against

Charles Partridge's "magnificent performance" in goal kept the score down to a 2–1 defeat, as Small Heath finished third in the four-team division.[63]

Going into the last match of the Football League season, Small Heath were in second place in the division, one point ahead of opponents

FA Cup the previous weekend, and the Daily Post took that as a good omen, "inasmuch as the winners of the English Cup rarely do themselves justice on the following Saturday".[61]

Final Second Division table (part)
Pos Club Pld W D L F A Pts
1st Liverpool 28 22 6 0 77 18 50
2nd Small Heath 28 21 0 7 103 44 42
3rd Notts County 28 18 3 7 70 31 39
4th
Newcastle United
 28 15 6 7 66 39 36
Key: Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn;
L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; Pts = Points
Source:[18]

Nor did they, being "decidedly stale", according to the Nottinghamshire Guardian, having "been indulged in all manner of festivities",

Jimmy Logan, who had scored a hat-trick in the Cup Final. Small Heath were decisive victors by three goals to nil, Hallam's wing play drawing particular praise, as did Jenkyns' "admirable captaincy". The attendance was something over 8,000, of whom 6,800 paid on the day, generating gate receipts of £200. Although the result was rather overshadowed by Aston Villa beating Burnley away from home to be confirmed as First Division champions,[65] the Dart clearly appreciated how Small Heath "in a blaze of glory before the largest crowd ever seen at Coventry Road, gave the English Cup holders a licking".[66]

Handicapped early on by

Wolverhampton Wanderers 2–0.[60] Fred Wheldon was the only Second Division player selected in the Football League representative team to play the Scottish League at Goodison Park, Liverpool.[67] Expected to join Aston Villa should Small Heath not be promoted, and "thought by many to be the best inside left in England",[68] Wheldon "performed like the clever and finished player he is" as the match was drawn.[69]

The Leicester Chronicle felt that Darwen would have to "play up" to stand much chance against Small Heath, who had "a smarter set of forwards than can be found amongst most of the first division teams", and pointed out that Small Heath were the only team in either division to have scored 100 goals during the season.[70] The players prepared for the test match at Droitwich Spa, where the saturated salt water of the Brine Baths provided relief for tired muscles.[71] The match, played at Stoke's Victoria Ground, was an exciting one. Darwen had much the best of the first half, but failed to take their chances. Small Heath were restricted to rare attacks, but were dangerous on the break, and opened the scoring through Jack Hallam. Darwen equalised before the interval, and continued their dominance until superior fitness told. With six minutes left, Small Heath took the lead, the goal variously attributed to Wheldon or an Orr own goal, after which Darwen lost heart and Tommy Hands scored again four minutes later. The Daily Post suggested that "one would scarcely believe that they were the same five forwards who have so often delighted the spectators with their play at Coventry Road", but "to every man [of the defence] great praise is due for so ably checking the opposing forwards". The Nottinghamshire Guardian was less critical of the forwards, but took the view that Small Heath were fortunate to catch Darwen "in a very crippled condition", and that goalkeeper Chris Charsley had done the club a considerable service in making himself available for such a vital game.[72][73]

The victorious team arrived back in Birmingham by train, the engine's

New Street Station. Interviewed 55 years later, Billy Walton remembered how "We were rushed pell mell into a coach and, followed by others, we paraded the streets calling at what seemed to be every hotel and pub en route. I almost regret to say that when the celebrations ended it was necessary to engage hansom cabs to convey our players to their homes."[74] The season ended with a friendly against newly crowned Football League champions Aston Villa, the visitors giving their services free for the benefit of the Small Heath club. Before a crowd of four or five thousand, both clubs fielded strong sides, and the match finished as a 3–3 draw.[75]

Summary and aftermath

The Daily Post's pleasure at Small Heath's victory was heightened by their belief that "defeat would in all probability have meant the disbanding of the club", ambitions of promotion having sustained the committee's efforts throughout the season to raise enough funds to keep the club going. They pointed out that further expense was necessary both to strengthen the team, "for it cannot be expected that eleven or twelve men will stand the strain of a season's work amongst the first division clubs", and to improve facilities at the Coventry Road ground.[72] The club held a celebratory dinner, at which the chairman congratulated the players, exhorted them to redouble their efforts to make a decent showing in the First Division, and appealed to their continuing loyalty. He attempted to dispel suggestions that the city could not support two teams in the top division, and expressed gratitude to the Aston Villa club for their sincere best wishes as demonstrated by their generous donation of the recent benefit match.[76] The balance sheet showed expenditure of £2,039, of which players' wages accounted for £1,303, which resulted in a net loss of £222 when set against income of £1,816, of which £1,586 came from gate receipts and £104 from season tickets.[77] Nevertheless, during the close season the club began work on a grandstand and "the furrows on the field of play [were] filled up".[78]

Small Heath went through the League season without drawing a match.

Billy Ollis and Wheldon were ever-present in the League, all but Devey for the second season running, and Caesar Jenkyns missed only the two games for which he was suspended.[8]

Chief Constable of Coventry.[86] Small Heath signed the former Sunderland full back Jack Oliver, whom they had failed to recruit earlier in the season,[87] but despite the misgivings of the local press, they were to negotiate their debut First Division season with no other major signings.[8]

Match details

For consistency, attendances and goalscorers' names in the League, Test Match and FA Cup match details tables are sourced from Matthews' Complete Record.[8] Information in contemporary newspaper reports could, and often did, differ. League positions are sourced from 11v11.com.[18]

Football League Second Division

Match results: Second Division
Date League
position 		Opponents Venue Result Score
F–A 		Scorers Attendance
2 September 1893 4th Walsall Town Swifts A W 3–1 Lee 2, Wheldon 5,000
4 September 1893 1st Rotherham Town H W 4–3 Mobley, Hands, Wheldon, Hallam 3,000
9 September 1893 1st
Burton Swifts
 H W 6–1 Wheldon 2, Jolley 2, Hands, Lee 2,000
16 September 1893 2nd
Walsall Town Swifts
 H W 4–0 Jenkyns, Izon 3 2,000
23 September 1893 4th Liverpool A L 1–3 Jenkyns 8,000
25 September 1893 4th
Burslem Port Vale
 A L 0–5 1,000
30 September 1893 2nd Ardwick A W 1–0 Wheldon 5,000
7 October 1893 3rd Grimsby Town H W 5–2 Walton 3, Izon, Hallam 3,000
14 October 1893 5th Liverpool H L 3–4 Wheldon, Jenkyns, Hands 5,000
21 October 1893 3rd Woolwich Arsenal H W 4–1 Wheldon 2, Hallam, Hands 3,000
28 October 1893 3rd
Newcastle United
 A W 2–0 Mobley, Wheldon 3,000
11 November 1893 3rd Lincoln City A W 5–2 Wheldon, Mobley 3, Walton 1,000
25 November 1893 3rd
Middlesbrough Ironopolis
 A L 0–3 200
2 December 1893 3rd
Northwich Victoria
 H W 8–0 Wheldon 4, Mobley 3, Walton 1,500
6 December 1893 3rd
Crewe Alexandra
 H W 6–1 Hallam, Mobley 2, Hands, Walton, Jenkyns 500
9 December 1893 2nd
Burton Swifts
 A W 2–0 Mobley, Hands 1,500
16 December 1893 2nd
Newcastle United
 H L 1–4 Hallam 2,500
23 December 1893 2nd
Middlesbrough Ironopolis
 H W 2–1 Pumfrey, Walton 2,000
30 December 1893 2nd Lincoln City H W 6–0 Devey, Wheldon 2, Mobley, Hands, Walton 1,000
6 January 1894 2nd
Northwich Victoria
 A W 7–0 Walton, Mobley 3, Hands 2, Wheldon 500
13 January 1894 2nd
Crewe Alexandra
 A W 5–3 Jackson, Walton 2, Mobley, Hands 1,000
3 February 1894 2nd Notts County A L 1–3 Mobley 2,500
3 March 1894 3rd Grimsby Town A L 1–2 Mobley 5,000
17 March 1894 3rd Ardwick H W 10–2 Wheldon 2, Hallam 2, Hands, Jenkyns, Walton, Mobley 3 2,500
23 March 1894 3rd Rotherham Town A W 3–2 Walton, Hallam, Wheldon 1,000
24 March 1894 3rd
Burslem Port Vale
 H W 6–0 Hands, Walton 2, Mobley 2, Wheldon 4,000
31 March 1894 2nd Woolwich Arsenal A W 4–1 Jenkyns, Wheldon, Mobley, Hallam 6,000
7 April 1894 2nd Notts County H W 3–0 Hands 2, Walton 8,500

Test Match

Date Opponents Venue Result Score
F–A 		Scorers Attendance
28 April 1894 Darwen Victoria Ground, Stoke-on-Trent W 3–1 Hallam, Walton, Wheldon 3,000

FA Cup

Round Date Opponents Venue Result Score
F–A 		Scorers Attendance
1st 27 January 1894
Bolton Wanderers
 H L 3–4 Hallam, Mobley, Wheldon 7,000

United Counties League Southern Section

Date Opponents Venue Result Score
F–A 		Scorers Attendance Ref
10 February 1894
Wolverhampton Wanderers
 H D 3–3 Not known (3) 4,000 [88]
17 February 1894 Wolverhampton Wanderers A W 2–1 Hallam, Mobley Not known [89]
24 February 1894
West Bromwich Albion
 H L 4–5 Not known (4) Not known [49]
26 February 1894 West Bromwich Albion A L 1–3 Mobley 1,000 [50]
2 April 1894 Stoke H W 3–0 Hallam, Walton 2 1,000 [90]
9 April 1894 Stoke A L 1–2 Hallam 1,000 [63]
Final league table
Pos Club Pld W D L F A Pts
1st
West Bromwich Albion
 6 4 0 2 20 15 8
2nd Stoke 6 4 0 2 12 12 8
3rd Small Heath 6 2 1 3 14 14 5
4th
Wolverhampton Wanderers
 6 1 1 4 10 14 3
Key: Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn;
L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; Pts = Points
Source:[91]

Birmingham Senior Cup

Round Date Opponents Venue Result Score
F–A 		Scorers Attendance Ref
1st 20 January 1893 Loughborough A L 1–4 Not known 1,500 [41]

Mayor of Birmingham's Charity Cup

Round Date Opponents Venue Result Score
F–A 		Scorers Attendance Ref
SF 27 March 1894
Wolverhampton Wanderers
 A D 1–1 Mobley Not known [59]
Replay 11 April 1894 Wolverhampton Wanderers H L 0–2 [60]

Other matches

Date Opponents Venue Result Score
F–A 		Scorers Attendance Notes
4 November 1893 Everton Reserve A L 1–5 Not known Not known
Friendly match[24]
26 December 1893 Marlow A D 2–2 Not known 3,000 Friendly match[92]
1 January 1894
Aston Villa
 A L 3–4 Wheldon, Walton or Wheldon, Walton 8,000 Friendly match[38]
10 March 1894
Nottingham Forest
 H D 2–2 Not known (2) Not known Friendly match[54]
30 April 1894 Aston Villa H D 3–3 Not known (3) 4–5,000
Benefit match for Small Heath F.C.[75]

Squad statistics

This table includes appearances and goals in nationally organised competitions – the Football League, including promotion test matches, and FA Cup – only.[8][93] For a description of the playing positions, see Formation (association football)#2–3–5 (Pyramid).

Name Position League Test match FA Cup Total
Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals
Chris Charsley Goalkeeper 4 0 1 0 0 0 5 0
George Hollis Goalkeeper 23 0 0 0 1 0 24 0
Charles Partridge
 		Goalkeeper 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Arthur Littleford
Full back
 3 0 0 0 1 0 4 0
Bernard Pumfrey
Full back
 9 1 0 0 0 0 9 1
William Purves
Full back
 3 0 1 0 0 0 4 0
William Reynolds
Full back
 12 0 0 0 1 0 13 0
George Short
Full back
 8 0 1 0 0 0 9 0
Gilbert Smith
Full back
 14 0 0 0 0 0 14 0
Fred Speller
Full back
 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
Percy Watson
Full back
 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
Ted Devey Half back 28 1 1 0 1 0 30 1
Caesar Jenkyns Half back 26 6 1 0 1 0 28 6
Teddy Jolley Half back 7 2 0 0 0 0 7 2
Billy Ollis Half back 28 0 1 0 1 0 30 0
Jack Hallam Forward 22 9 1 1 1 1 24 11
Tommy Hands Forward 28 14 1 0 1 0 30 14
Charles Izon Forward 8 4 0 0 0 0 8 4
Walter Jackson Forward 4 1 0 0 0 0 4 1
Jack Lee Forward 7 3 0 0 0 0 7 3
Frank Mobley Forward 21 24 1 0 1 1 23 25
Billy Walton Forward 20 16 1 1 1 0 22 17
Fred Wheldon Forward 28 22 1 1 1 1 30 24

Notes

  1. ^ Though Matthews' Complete Record credits Mobley with 24 regular-season Football League goals, the RSSSF has only 23, a total which still made him the Second Division's top scorer for the season.[8][80]

References

General
  • Matthews, Tony (1995). Birmingham City: A Complete Record. Derby: Breedon Books.
    ISBN 978-1-85983-010-9
    .
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    .
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