1905

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
  • 1902
  • 1903
  • 1904
  • 1905
  • 1906
  • 1907
  • 1908
1905 in various
Minguo calendar
7 before ROC
民前7年
Nanakshahi calendar437
Thai solar calendar2447–2448
Tibetan calendar阳木龙年
(male Wood-Dragon)
2031 or 1650 or 878
    — to —
阴木蛇年
(female Wood-Snake)
2032 or 1651 or 879

1905 (MCMV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar, the 1905th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 905th year of the 2nd millennium, the 5th year of the 20th century, and the 6th year of the 1900s decade. As of the start of 1905, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

As the second year of the massive

Annus Mirabilis papers in Annalen der Physik
(Leipzig) (March 18, May 11, June 30 and September 27), laying the foundations for more than a century's study of theoretical physics.

Events

"Baby New Year", a cartoon by John T. McCutcheon depicting the new year 1905 chasing the old 1904 into the history books
1905: Einstein's "miracle year"

January

January 22 (9 O.S.): The Bloody Sunday massacre of Russian demonstrators at the Winter Palace in Saint Petersburg
  • Port Arthur, located on mainland China, to the Japanese.[1] On January 3, Japan formally repossesses the port, and renames it Ryojun, holding it for the next 40 years. The area will revert in 1945 to China, and become the Lushunkou District.[2]
  • January 4
    • Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino becomes Prime Minister of Romania for the second time, having previously served from 1899 to 1900, and remains in office for more than two years.[3]
    • The city of Bend, Oregon, plotted out in 1900 by Alexander Drake, is incorporated as a town for local logging companies, and will have a population of 536 in 1910. By the year 2020, it will have almost 100,000 residents.[4]
  • Emma Orczy's play The Scarlet Pimpernel, the forerunner of her novel, opens at the New Theatre in London, beginning a run of 122 performances and numerous revivals.[5]
  • January 6
    • The Lick Observatory announces the discovery of a sixth moon of Jupiter, made by their astronomer Charles D. Perrine. Unlike the first five Jovian satellites discovered, the sixth one will be referred to by number as "Jupiter VI" until 1975, when named Himalia.[2]
    • The U.S. Senate confirms the nomination of William D. Crum, an African-American, to the office of collector of customs at Charleston, South Carolina after Crum's nomination by President Theodore Roosevelt.[2]
  • January 11 – Under the supervision of five editors, work begins on the comprehensive Catholic Encyclopedia, subtitled "An International Work of Reference on the Constitution, Doctrine, Discipline, and History of the Catholic Church" and published by the Robert Appleton Company. The first volume will appear in 1907.
  • Prime Minister of Denmark.[2]
  • January 15 – A series of three 41 metres (135 ft) high tsunamis kill 61 people in Norway in the villages of Ytre Nesdal and Bødal after a rockslide sweeps down Mount Ramnefjell and crashes into Lake Lovatnet.[6]
  • January 17 – In France, Prime Minister Émile Combes and his cabinet announce their resignations after being implicated in the Affair of the Cards (L'Affaire des Fiches), a system set up by the War Ministry to purge the French Army officers corps of Jesuits.[7]
  • January 21 – The Dominican Republic sign an agreement with the United States to allow the U.S. to administer the collection of customs taxes for Santo Domingo for 50 years, with the U.S. to assume responsibility for payment of the Republic's debts to foreign nations from Dominican income. The agreement is done as an exercise of the "Roosevelt Corollary" to the Monroe Doctrine.[8]
  • an unsuccessful uprising
    .
  • Prime Minister of France.[8]
  • January 25 – Tsar Nicholas II appoints General Dmitri Trepov to be the Governor-General of Saint Petersburg, with absolute power to issue regulations to keep order.[8]
  • January 26 – (January 13 O.S. in Russia)
  • January 27 – The Nelson Act is passed into law in the United States, providing for racial segregation of schools in the Alaska Territory.[9]
  • January 29Rioting breaks out in Warsaw, at this time under Russian Imperial rule with a Russian Governor-General.[8]
  • January 30 – The U.S. Supreme Court renders its unanimous decision in the landmark case of Swift & Co. v. United States, allowing the federal government to regulate monopolies.[8]
  • January 31 – "The greatest ball of the Gilded Age"[10] is held by James Hazen Hyde, the 28-year-old heir to the fortune of the founder of the Equitable Life Assurance Association" at New York City's Sherry Hotel, spending $200,000 for a "Louis XV costume ball" for invited guests.[11]

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

  • neo-Druidic rituals at Stonehenge
    in England.
  • August 7 – King Oscar II of Sweden appoints Prince Gustaf to serve as his regent.[47]
  • August 8 – Fourteen employees of a department store in Albany, New York are killed when the building collapses suddenly.[47]
  • August 9 – The peace conference to end the Russo-Japanese War between Russia and Japan begins at Portsmouth, New Hampshire.[47]
  • August 11 – The Russian Council appointed by Tsar Nicholas II meets at Peterhoff and approves a plan for a national Duma, the first representative assembly in the Empire.[47]
  • August 12 – The first running takes place of the Shelsley Walsh Speed Hill Climb in England, the world's oldest motorsport event to be staged continuously on its original course.
  • August 13 – At a referendum in Norway, voters opt almost unanimously for dissolution of the union with Sweden.[47]
  • August 15 – Mexican-American prospector Pablo Valencia gets lost in the Sonoran Desert of Arizona with no water. Enduring almost eight days of dehydration, Valencia wanders until he is discovered on August 23 by anthropologist William J. McGee and McGee's Papago Indian assistant, Jose.[48]
  • Manchu dynasty
    .
  • August 21 – The Sequoyah Constitutional Convention takes place in Muskogee in the U.S. Indian Territory and approves a constitution for the proposed State of Sequoyah, seeking admission as the only Native American majority state in the U.S.[49] President Roosevelt will reject the idea in favor of joining the Indian Territory with the white-ruled Oklahoma Territory to create the 46th U.S. state.
  • August 22 – The sinking of the Japanese ferry Kinjo Maru kills 160 people after the British ship HMS Baralong collides with it in the Sea of Japan.[50]
  • August 23A. Roy Knabenshue introduces the dirigible to the skies of New York City, piloting the lighter-than-air vehicle within view of hundreds of thousands of spectators.[51]
  • August 24Frederick D. White becomes the first Commissioner of the Northwest Territories in Canada, and will serve until his death in 1918.
  • August 25 – Theodore Roosevelt became the first U.S. President to travel underwater, after boarding the Navy submarine USS Plunger.[51]
  • August 26 – Near Point Barrow, Alaska, the crew of the Norwegian ship Gjoa, led by Roald Amundsen, make the breakthrough of finding the long-sought "Northwest Passage" from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean.[52]
  • August 27 – Tsar Nicholas II issues a decree restoring to Russia's universities the autonomy that had been taken away from them in 1884.[53]
  • August 30 – A solar eclipse takes place, with greatest visibility in North Africa.[51]

September

October

October 2: HMS Dreadnought

November

December

Date unknown

Births

January – March

Tex Ritter
Takeo Fukuda
Christian Dior
Takashi Shimura
Berthold Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg
Albert Speer

April – June

Serge Lifar
George H. Hitchings
Henry Fonda
Jean-Paul Sartre

July – September

Dag Hammarskjöld
Myrna Loy
Greta Garbo
Max Schmeling
Felix Bloch

October – December

Howard Hughes

Date unknown

Deaths

January–February

Ernst Abbe
Adolph von Menzel

March–April

Jules Verne

May–June

Francisco Silvela
Giovanni Battista Scalabrini
Małgorzata Szewczyk

July–August

September–October

Rene Goblet
Isabelle Gatti de Gamond

November–December

Date unknown

Nobel Prizes

References

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  2. ^ a b c d The American Monthly Review of Reviews (February 1905) pp. 154-156
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Further reading

  • Gilbert, Martin (1997). A History of the Twentieth Century: Volume 1 1900–1933. pp 105–22.
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