1921 Centre Praying Colonels football team
| 1921 Centre Praying Colonels football | |
|---|---|
 | |
Southern champion SIAA co-champion East-West Christmas Classic champion | |
East-West Christmas Classic, W 38–0 vs. Arizona | |
| Conference | Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association |
| Record | 10–1 (5–0 SIAA) |
| Head coach |
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| Offensive scheme | Single-wing |
| Captain | Norris Armstrong |
| Home stadium | Cheek Field |
Uniform | |
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| Conf | Overall | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Team | W | L | T | W | L | T | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Centre + | 5 | – | 0 | – | 0 | 10 | – | 1 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Georgia + | 6 | – | 0 | – | 1 | 7 | – | 2 | – | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Georgia Tech + | 5 | – | 0 | – | 0 | 8 | – | 1 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vanderbilt + | 5 | – | 0 | – | 1 | 7 | – | 0 | – | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tennessee | 4 | – | 1 | – | 1 | 6 | – | 2 | – | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Florida | 4 | – | 1 | – | 2 | 6 | – | 3 | – | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mississippi College | 3 | – | 1 | – | 1 | 7 | – | 2 | – | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sewanee | 4 | – | 2 | – | 0 | 6 | – | 2 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transylvania | 2 | – | 1 | – | 0 | 4 | – | 4 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| LSU | 2 | – | 1 | – | 1 | 6 | – | 1 | – | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| South Carolina | 2 | – | 1 | – | 1 | 5 | – | 1 | – | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Furman | 4 | – | 2 | – | 1 | 7 | – | 2 | – | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Auburn | 3 | – | 2 | – | 0 | 5 | – | 3 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mississippi A&M | 2 | – | 3 | – | 1 | 4 | – | 4 | – | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tulane | 3 | – | 4 | – | 0 | 4 | – | 6 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alabama | 2 | – | 4 | – | 2 | 5 | – | 4 | – | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Oglethorpe | 2 | – | 4 | – | 0 | 5 | – | 4 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chattanooga | 2 | – | 4 | – | 0 | 4 | – | 6 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The Citadel | 1 | – | 2 | – | 1 | 3 | – | 3 | – | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kentucky | 1 | – | 3 | – | 1 | 4 | – | 3 | – | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ole Miss | 1 | – | 4 | – | 0 | 3 | – | 6 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Howard (AL) | 1 | – | 4 | – | 0 | 3 | – | 6 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mercer | 1 | – | 5 | – | 0 | 3 | – | 6 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Louisville | 0 | – | 1 | – | 0 | 2 | – | 2 | – | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wofford | 0 | – | 2 | – | 0 | 2 | – | 7 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Georgetown (KY) | 0 | – | 3 | – | 0 | 2 | – | 6 | – | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Millsaps | 0 | – | 3 | – | 0 | 1 | – | 5 | – | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Clemson | 0 | – | 5 | – | 2 | 1 | – | 6 | – | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 1921 Centre Praying Colonels football team represented Centre College of Danville, Kentucky, in the 1921 college football season. Led by coach Charley Moran, the Praying Colonels compiled a 10–1 record, scoring 334 points while allowing 28 points (282 and 6 in regular season play).
The Colonels' victory in its game versus Harvard is regarded as one of the greatest upsets in college football history.[1][2] Centre also played in two postseason bowl games after the season. The Colonels defeated Arizona 38–0 in the San Diego East-West Christmas Classic before losing to Texas A&M in an upset at the Dixie Classic (a precursor to the modern Cotton Bowl Classic), the game which originated the Aggies' "12th Man" tradition.
The Colonels' team captain was Norris Armstrong.
Several Centre players received postseason recognition.
Before the season
Centre College was a small college in Danville, Kentucky. From 1917 to 1924, Centre compiled a 57–8 record while playing against some of the best teams in the nation.[3] The 1919 team first brought the Praying Colonels to national attention.[4] In 1921, the school's student body numbered just 274.[5]
The Colonels had closed the 1920 season by convincingly routing Texas Christian (TCU) in the Fort Worth Classic, 63–7.[6] This season they started their schedule with much stronger competition than the previous year. Several publications relay: "In 1920, the slogan of Centre College was "Score"...In 1921 Centre changed the "Score" slogan to "Hold 'Em".[7][5]
Coach
In 1921, football used a
Schedule
| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| October 1 | Clemson |
| W 14–0 | 3,000 | [12] |
| October 8 | VPI* |
| W 14–0 | [13] | |
| October 15 | at St. Xavier* |
| W 28–6 | [14] | |
| October 22 | at Transylvania |
| W 98–0 | [15] | |
| October 29 | at Harvard* | W 6–0 | 43,000 | [16] | |
| November 5 | Kentucky |
| W 55–0 | 8,000 | [17] |
| November 12 | at Auburn | W 21–0 | [18] | ||
| November 19 | vs. Washington and Lee* | W 25–0 | [19] | ||
| November 24 | at Tulane Stadium | W 21–0 | 8,000 | [20] | |
| December 26 | vs. Arizona* | W 38–0 | [21] | ||
| January 2, 1922 | vs. Texas A&M* |
| L 14–22 | 20,000 | [22] |
| |||||
Game summaries
Week 1: Clemson
Sources:[24] |
Centre opened the season with a 14–0 victory over the Clemson Tigers. A 7-yard run behind left tackle from Tom Bartlett got the first touchdown. McMillin skirted right end for the game's other score.[24]
The starting lineup was: Bradley (left end), Roberts (left tackle), Jones (left guard), Kubale (center), Cregor (right guard), James (right tackle), Gordy (right end), McMillin (quarterback), Bartlett (left halfback), Armstrong (right halfback), and Tanner (fullback).[24]
Week 2: VPI
Sources:[25] |
The next week was a 14–0 victory over VPI. Centre scored both touchdowns in the final quarter.[25] They were scored in rapid succession by Tanner and Armstrong.[25]
The starting lineup was: Bradley (left end), Roberts (left tackle), Jones (left guard), Kubale (center), Cregor (right guard), James (right tackle), Gordy (right end), McMillin (quarterback), Bartlett (left halfback), Armstrong (right halfback), and Tanner (fullback).[25]
Week 3: at St. Xavier
Sources:[26] |
Next was a 28–6 victory over St. Xavier of Cincinnati. This game marked the only time during the regular season that Centre gave up any points to an opponent.[23]
The Saints outplayed the Colonels in the first half. Herb Davis recovered a fumble for a touchdown. "Trembling from excitement, Noppenerger missed the goal."[26]
"McMillin, Covington and Armstrong carried the ball 46 yards to the one-foot line on three plays" before Tanner went over and kicked goal for the lead.[26] In the third quarter, Thomasson bucked it over on runs of 9 and 1 yard.[26] Davis once broke free, and with only Tanner to pass, had Tanner knife through three blockers to push him out of bounds.[26] "The Colonels then showed their greatest offense when in five plays they took the ball 72 yards for a touchdown."[26] Later, McMillin got the last touchdown.[26]
The starting lineup was: Gordy (left end), Roberts (left tackle), Gibson (left guard), Kubale (center), Cregor (right guard), James (right tackle), Snoddy (right end), McMillin (quarterback), Bartlett (left halfback), Armstrong (right halfback), and Tanner (fullback).[26]
Week 4: at Transylvania
Sources:[27] |
In the fourth week of play, Centre easily defeated Transylvania by the score of 98–0.[27] According to Spalding's Football Guide, McMillin ran back a kickoff 95 yards for a touchdown.[28]
The starting lineup was: Roberts (left end), Gordy (left tackle), Jones (left guard), Kubale (center), Shedoan (right guard), Cregor (right tackle), James (right end), McMillin (quarterback), Snoddy (left halfback), Armstrong (right halfback), and Thomasson (fullback).[27]
Week 5: at Harvard
Sources:[29] |
On October 29, 1921, Centre met
Coming into the Centre game, Harvard was also undefeated and unscored upon in the 1920 season.[30] Some reports recall the players wearing work clothes to cultivate the image of the underdog.[31] Coach Moran had Happy Chandler, who was at Harvard Law School, scout the Harvard team and take copious notes.[32]
After a scoreless half, early in the third quarter Red Roberts told Bo McMillin "it's time to score, ride my hump" and McMillin ran for a 32-yard touchdown.[33] He dodged three of Harvard's secondary.[34] Harvard coach Bob Fisher said after the game: "In Bo McMillin Centre has a man who is probably the hardest in the country to stop."[29]
All around Danville students painted the "impossible formula" of C6H0.[35] The campus post office has the last vestige of this on a side wall.[36] Tulane coach Clark Shaughnessy later wrote the win "first awoke the nation to the possibilities of Southern football."[37] In 1950, the Associated Press named C6H0 the greatest sports upset of the first half of the 20th century.[38] In 2005, The New York Times called it "arguably the upset of the century in college football."[39] In 2006, ESPN named it the third-biggest upset in the 138-year history of college football.[1] On the return celebration in Danville on Monday, Governor Edwin P. Morrow remarked "I'd rather be Bo McMillin this moment than the Governor of Kentucky."[40]
The starting lineup against Harvard was: James (left end), Moody (left tackle), Shadown (left guard), Kubale (center), Jones (right guard), Cregor (right tackle), Roberts (right end), McMillin (quarterback), Armstrong (left halfback), Snoddy (right halfback), and Bartlett (fullback)[29]
Week 6: Kentucky
Sources:[41] |
Centre then defeated Kentucky 55–0. McMillin had three touchdowns.[41] In the middle of the second quarter, up 7–0, McMillin skirted left end and cut back across the field for a 49-yard touchdown. Herb Covington next had a 39-yard touchdown. In the fourth, a 30-yard pass to Roberts was followed shortly by a 35-yard pass to Hennie Lemon for the touchdown.[41] Bobby Lavin starred for the Wildcats.[41]
The starting lineup was: Roberts (left end), Gordy (left tackle), Jones (left guard), Kubale (center), Shadoan (right guard), Cregor (right tackle), James (right end), McMillin (quarterback), Snoddy (left halfback), Armstrong (right halfback), and Bartlett (fullback).[41]
Week 7: at Auburn
Sources:[42] |
In the seventh week of play Centre defeated Auburn 21–0. Roberts scored the first two touchdowns.[42] Ed Sherling had Auburn's best run of the day around left tackle for 15 yards, but McMillin tackled him and forced a fumble, recovered by Armstrong putting Centre in striking distance for the second touchdown.[42] McMillin scored the third touchdown in the fourth quarter.[42] "There is no doubt that we were outclassed" said Auburn coach Mike Donahue.[43]
The starting lineup was: Roberts (left end), Gordy (left tackle), Jones (left guard), Kubale (Center), Shadoan (right guard), Cregor (right tackle), James (right end), McMillin (quarterback), Snoddy (left halfback), Armstrong (right halfback), and Tanner (fullback).[42]
Week 8: vs. Washington & Lee
Sources:[44] |
The starting lineup was: Roberts (left end), Gordy (left tackle), Jones (left guard), Kubale (Center), Shadoan (right guard), Cregor (right tackle), James (right end), McMillin (quarterback), Snoddy (left halfback), Armstrong (right halfback), and Bartlett (fullback).[44]
Week 9: at Tulane
|
The season closed with the defeat of Tulane by a score of 21–0. The Colonels were favored,[46] and McMillin played a part in all of the scoring plays. He threw touchdown passes to Bartlett and to Snoddy, and ran one score in himself.[47] He also kicked all the extra points.
Centre finished the regular season undefeated at 9–0 having given up only 6 points all season.[48]
The starting lineup was: Roberts (left end), Gordy (left tackle), Jones (left guard), Kubale (Center), Shadoan (right guard), Cregor (right tackle), James (right end), McMillin (quarterback), Snoddy (left halfback), Armstrong (right halfback), and Tanner (fullback).[46]
Postseason
Centre then played in two bowl games to close the season.
Bowls
Arizona
Sources:[49] |
In the San Diego East-West Christmas Classic, Centre defeated Arizona 38–0 as rain fell throughout the game.[49] Red Roberts scored the first touchdown five minutes into the match. Bo McMillin went over the right tackle for another score. Centre led 18–0 at the half as Arizona was held to no first downs in two quarters of play.[49]
Arizona later made an attempt to drive towards a score, but Centre intercepted an Arizona pass to keep the game scoreless.[49] Herb Covington scored on a punt return and a sweep to seal the victory.[49]
The starting lineup was: Roberts (left end), Gordy (left tackle), Jones (left guard), Kubale (center), Shadoan (right guard), Cregor (right tackle), James (right end), McMillin (quarterback), Snoddy (left halfback), Armstrong (right halfback), and Tanner (fullback).[49]
Texas A&M
Sources:[50] |
After a long trip back, the Colonels played in the
The Aggies scored first and early by catching Tom Bartlett behind his goal for a safety.[52] Centre went up 7–2 in the third quarter, Terry Snoddy running in the score after an A&M fumble.[50] The Colonels fumbled the ensuing kickoff. The Aggies got the ball and a pass from Puny Wilson to Jack Evans got the touchdown.[50] Centre fumbled again on the next possession. Wilson scored this time.[52] Centre got the ball back, but Ted Winn intercepted the ball and ran 45 yards for the A&M touchdown.[52] Centre's Snoddy scored again later, but the game ended soon afterwards, 22–14.[50]
The starting lineup was: Roberts (left end), Gordy (left tackle), Jones (left guard), Kubale (Center), Shadoan (right guard), Cregor (right tackle), James (right end), McMillin (quarterback), Snoddy (left halfback), Armstrong (right halfback), and Bartlett (fullback).[50]
Legacy
Awards and honors
The 1921 team produced the most stars for Centre's all-time team.[53] Red Roberts was a first-team Walter Camp All-America selection, just the fourth in Southern history. Bo McMillin made Camp's second team and is recognized as a consensus All-American.[54] McMillin was a unanimous All-Southern selection. Red Roberts made composite All-Southern, and Kubale and Snoddy made some selections.[55]
Championships
The Colonels were recognized by writers generally as champions of the South.[56] Georgia Tech, Georgia, and Vanderbilt split the SIAA championship.[57] Centre was arguably the strongest of the four, for as one publication reads: "Out of eleven games against eastern teams, Centre and Georgia Tech furnished the only two victories and Tech was later trounced by Penn State."[58] For Georgia coach Herman Stegeman, the contest for the theoretical title of greatest Southern team was between Centre, Georgia Tech, and Georgia. Fuzzy Woodruff explains that Centre "belonged to no governing association"[59] with several players thereby accused of professionalism, and Tech was picked as champion "through force of habit".[60]
Personnel
Depth chart
The following chart provides a visual depiction of Centre's lineup during the 1921 season with games started at the position reflected in parentheses. The chart mimics a
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Starters
Line
| Number | Player | Position | Games started |
Hometown | Prep school | Height | Weight | Age |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 28 | Ben Cregor | Guard | 11 | Springfield, KY |
5'11" | 175 | 22 | |
| 26 | Dick Gibson | Guard | 1 | Louisville, KY |
||||
| 22 | Minos Gordy | Tackle | 11 | Abbeville, LA |
183 | |||
| 10 | Bill James | Tackle | 11 | Fort Worth, TX | North Side H. S. | 169 | 23 | |
| 23 | Buck Jones | Guard | 10 | Dallas, TX |
208 | 19 | ||
| 19 | Ed Kubale | Center | 11 | Fort Smith, AR |
Fort Smith H. S. | 6'2" | 176 | 21 |
| 29 | Red Roberts | End | 11 | Somerset, KY |
Somerset H. S. | 6'2" | 235 | 21 |
| 21 | William Shadoan | Guard | 8 | Somerset, KY | 177 | 23 |
Backfield
| Number | Player | Position | Games started |
Hometown | Prep school | Height | Weight | Age |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 | Norris Armstrong | Halfback | 11 | Fort Smith, AR |
Fort Smith H. S. | 5'10" | 154 | 21 |
| 3 | Tom Bartlett | Fullback | 7 | Owensboro, KY |
Owensboro H. S. | 5'10" | 160 | 21 |
| 11 | Bo McMillin | Quarterback | 11 | Fort Worth, TX | North Side H. S. | 5'9" | 175 | 23 |
| 12 | Terry Snoddy | Halfback | 9 | Owensboro, KY | Owensboro H. S. | 5'10" | 173 | 21 |
| 5 | Hump Tanner | Fullback | 6 | Owensboro, KY | Owensboro H. S. | 5'5" | 165 | 21 |
| 16 | Case Thomasson | Fullback | 1 | Newport, KY |
Newport H. S. |
Subs
Line
| Number | Player | Position | Hometown | Prep school | Height | Weight | Age |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20 | George M. Chinn | Guard | Harrodsburg, KY |
||||
| 25 | Royce Flippin | Center | Somerset, KY | Somerset H. S. | 162 | ||
| 2 | Hennie Lemon | End | Mayfield, KY |
Mayfield H. S. | 5'10" | 165 | 20 |
| 9 | Frank Rubarth | Guard | Gatesville, TX |
Backfield
| Number | Player | Position | Hometown | Prep school | Height | Weight | Age |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Swede Anderson | Halfback | Fort Worth, TX | 23 | ||||
| 14 | Herb Covington | Halfback, quarterback | Mayfield, KY | Mayfield H. S. | 5'5" | 158 | 19 |
| Jim Green | Halfback | Louisville, KY | 130 | 20 | |||
| Hope Hudgins | Halfback | Amarillo, TX |
|||||
| Dewey Kimbel | Halfback | Louisville, KY | |||||
| Tom Moran | Fullback | Horse Cave, KY |
Horse Cave H. S. | 5'8" | 175 | 22 | |
| 1 | Joe Murphy | Halfback | Columbus, OH |
East H. S. | 130 | 22 |
Unlisted
| Player | Position | Hometown | Prep school | Height | Weight | Age |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Don Beane | ? | Pittsburgh, PA |
||||
| Weldon Bradley | ? | |||||
| Ray Class | ? | Middletown, OH |
||||
| Leslie Combs | ||||||
| Sheridan Rhodes Ingerton | ? | Amarillo, TX | ||||
| R. Newell | ? | |||||
| Edgar C. Newlin | ? | Newport, KY | ||||
| Jim Priest | ? |
Scoring leaders
The following is an incomplete list of statistics and scores, largely dependent on newspaper summaries.
| Player | Touchdowns | Extra points | Field goals | Points |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bo McMillin | 12 | 19 | 0 | 91 |
| Terry Snoddy | 8 | 0 | 0 | 48 |
| Red Roberts | 6 | 5 | 0 | 41 |
| Hump Tanner | 4 | 5 | 1 | 32 |
| Herb Covington | 5 | 1 | 0 | 31 |
| Norris Armstrong | 4 | 0 | 0 | 24 |
| Tom Bartlett | 3 | 2 | 0 | 20 |
| Hennie Lemon | 2 | 1 | 0 | 13 |
| Case Thomasson | 2 | 0 | 0 | 12 |
| Jim Green | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
| Hope Hudgins | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
| Joe Murphy | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
| Ray Class | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| Total | 49 | 34 | 2 | 334 |
Coaching staff
- Charley Moran, head coach
- Chief Myers, assistant coach
- Tiny Thornhill, line coach
- John B. McGee, Manager
References
- ^ a b Hal Morris (June 26, 2006). "ESPN ranks 1921 Centre-Harvard game among college football's greatest upsets". Archived from the original on December 2, 2016. Retrieved December 2, 2016.
- ^ "C6-H0 plays a prominent part in nation's sports lexicon". centre.edu. Archived from the original on November 4, 2012. Retrieved December 2, 2016.
- ^ History and Records Archived 2009-11-16 at the Wayback Machine, Centre College, retrieved March 13, 2008.
- ^ "Kentucky School Wins". The Dekaly Daily Chronicle. Vol. 21, no. 1. December 1, 1919. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved June 6, 2016.
- ^ a b Camp 1922, p. 95
- ^ Foldesy, Jody. "Bowls burgeon as big business", The Washington Times. December 21, 1997. Page A1.
- ^ Billy Evans (November 23, 1921). "Billy Evans Tells How Centre Crosses 'Em Up". The Southeast Missourian. Archived from the original on October 3, 2023. Retrieved June 6, 2016.
- ^ "Armstrong's death recalls glory years". The Milwaukee Journal. October 13, 1981.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Charles Moran and "Tiny" Thornhill". centre.omeka.net. Archived from the original on August 8, 2016. Retrieved December 2, 2016.
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- ^ Camp 1922, p. 161
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- ^ a b "Centre College Football Records (1920-1939)". centre.edu. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved December 2, 2016.
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- ^ Camp 1922, p. 26
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- ^ a b "Harvard Historical Scores". jhowell.net. Archived from the original on October 2, 2016. Retrieved December 2, 2016.
- ^ "Ah yes, Centre College remembers it quite well". The News. October 29, 1996. Archived from the original on October 3, 2023. Retrieved June 6, 2016.
- ^ Flaherty, p. 121
- ISBN 978-0-312-14629-0.
- Newspapers.com.
- ^ E. Benjamin Samuels (October 28, 2011). "Remembering a Forgotten Upset". thecrimson.com. Archived from the original on August 12, 2016. Retrieved November 27, 2016.
- ^ Kaplan, Inc. 2004, p. 105
- ^ Clark D. Shaughnessy (September 11, 1931). "Dixie Football At the Top, Says Loyola Mentor". The Tuscaloosa News. Archived from the original on October 3, 2023. Retrieved June 6, 2016.
- ^ "Centre College Remembers Day When It Was King of the Gridiron". chronicle.com. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved August 7, 2008.
- ^ "C6-H0 plays a prominent part in nation's sports lexicon". centre.edu. Archived from the original on July 5, 2008. Retrieved August 7, 2008.
- ^ Merle Crowell (January 1, 1922). "David Whips Goliath Again". American Magazine. 93. Colver Publishing House: 52–53 – via Google Books.
- ^ a b c d e "Fighting Wildcats Are Humbled By The Centre College Crew". The Kentucky Kernel. November 11, 1921.
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- ^ a b "1921 Centre College football scores". www.jhowell.net. September 28, 2000. Archived from the original on September 28, 2000. Retrieved December 2, 2016.
- ^ Newspapers.com.
- ^ Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Bo McMillin Married.; Centre College Football Star Weds Miss Miers at Fort Worth". The New York Times. January 3, 1922. Archived from the original on July 7, 2018. Retrieved July 27, 2018.
- ^ a b c d Schoor, Gene (1994). The Fightin' Texas Aggies: 100 Years of A&M Football. Dallas, Texas: Taylor Publishing Company.
- Google news.
- ^ "Walter Camp's All-America Selections for 1921" (PDF). The New York Times. December 21, 1921. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 8, 2022. Retrieved March 6, 2013.
- ^
"All-Southern Football Team". Charlotte Observer. December 4, 1921. Archived from the original on January 5, 2024. Retrieved June 7, 2016.
- ^ Camp 1922, p. 75
- ^ "Champions of the South regardless of conference affiliation". Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved December 1, 2016.
- ^ "Football Leads Went West In 1921 Records". Berkeley Daily Gazette. November 25, 1921. Archived from the original on October 3, 2023. Retrieved June 6, 2016.
- ^ Woodruff 1928, p. 148
- ^ Woodruff 1928, p. 183
- Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Statistics of University and Centre Elevens". The Harvard Crimson. October 29, 1921. Archived from the original on April 16, 2021. Retrieved December 1, 2016.
Bibliography
- Camp, Walter (1922). National Collegiate Athletic Association Football Rules: Official Intercollegiate Football Guide. New York: American Sports: Spalding's Athletic Library.
- Flaherty, Vincent X. (1946). J. G. Taylor Spink (ed.). "The Life Story of Albert B. "Happy" Chandler". Baseball Guide and Record Book. St. Louis, Missouri: Charles C. Spink and Son.
- Kaplan, Inc. (June 22, 2004). The Unofficial, Unbiased Guide to the 331 Most Interesting Colleges 2005. ISBN 9780743251990.
- Woodruff, Fuzzy (1928). A History of Southern Football 1890–1928. Vol. 2.