1947 Nobel Prize in Literature

1947 Nobel Prize in Literature
André Gide
"for his comprehensive and artistically significant writings, in which human problems and conditions have been presented with a fearless love of truth and keen psychological insight"
Date	13 November 1947 (announcement) 10 December 1947 (ceremony)
Location	Stockholm, Sweden
Presented by	Swedish Academy
First awarded	1901
Website	Official website
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The 1947 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the French author André Gide "for his comprehensive and artistically significant writings, in which human problems and conditions have been presented with a fearless love of truth and keen psychological insight".^[1][2]

Laureate

André Gide's early works such as the prose poem

Deliberations

Nominations

André Gide had only been nominated for the prize once before in

Charles-Ferdinand Ramuz with three nominations each. Four were female nominees namely Henriette Charasson, Maria Madalena de Martel Patrício, Maila Talvio and Marie Under.^[5]

The authors James Agate, Marie Belloc Lowndes, J. D. Beresford, Tristan Bernard, Jean-Richard Bloch, Svend Borberg, Wolfgang Borchert, Margaret Cameron, Emilio Carrere, Willa Cather, Sigurd Christiansen, Winston Churchill, Morris Raphael Cohen, Ananda Coomaraswamy, Max Dessoir, Léon-Paul Fargue, Joaquín Gallegos Lara, Edith Maud Hull, Richard Le Gallienne, William Le Queux, Gurli Linder, Hugh Lofting, Manuel Machado, Arthur Machen, Emma Orczy, Nicholas Roerich, Margaret Marshall Saunders, Balys Sruoga, Flora Thompson, E. C. Vivian, Swami Vipulananda and Alfred North Whitehead died in 1947 without having been nominated for the prize.

Official list of nominees and their nominators for the prize

No.	Nominee	Country	Genre(s)	Nominator(s)
1	Mark Aldanov (1886–1957)	Soviet Union ( Ukraine)  France	biography, novel, essays, literary criticism	Ivan Bunin (1870–1953)
2	Shmuel Yosef Agnon (1887–1970)	Mandatory Palestine	novel, short story	Hugo Bergmann (1883–1975)
3	Sholem Asch (1880–1957)	Poland  United States	novel, short story, drama, essays	Walter Arthur Berendsohn (1884–1984)
4	Eugène Baie (1874–1964)	Belgium	law, essays	Maurice Maeterlinck (1862–1949)
5	Nikolai Berdyaev (1874–1948)	Soviet Union ( Ukraine)	philosophy, theology	Alf Nyman (1884–1968)
6	Henriette Charasson (1884–1972)	France	poetry, essays, drama, novel, literary criticism, biography	Serge Barrault (1887–1976) Pierre Fernessole (1879–1965) Pierre Moreau (1895–1972)
7	Benedetto Croce (1866–1952)	Italy	history, philosophy, law	Bernardino Barbadoro (1889–1961)
8	Maria Madalena de Martel Patrício (1884–1947)	Portugal	poetry, essays	António Baião (1878–1961)
9	Teixeira de Pascoaes (1877–1952)	Portugal	poetry	João António Mascarenhas Júdice (1898–1957)
10	Georgios Drossinis (1859–1951)	Greece	poetry, novel, short story	Geōrgios Oikonomos (1882–1951) Phaidōn Koukoules (1881–1956) Iōannēs Kalitsounakēs (1878–1966)[a]
11	Georges Duhamel (1884–1966)	France	novel, short story, poetry, drama, literary criticism	Denis Saurat (1890–1958) Hjalmar Hammarskjöld (1862–1953)
12	Thomas Stearns Eliot (1888–1965)	United States  United Kingdom	poetry, essays, drama	Gustaf Hellström (1882–1953)
13	Johan Falkberget (1879–1967)	Norway	novel, short story, essays	Eivind Berggrav (1884–1959) Harry Fett (1875–1962)
14	André Gide (1869–1951)	France	novel, short story, poetry, drama, memoir, essays	Lorentz Eckhoff (1884–1974)
15	Ernest Hemingway (1899–1961)	United States	novel, short story, screenplay	Hjalmar Gullberg (1898–1961)
16	Toyohiko Kagawa (1888–1960)	Japan	essays	Knut Westman (1881–1967)
17	Horace Kallen (1882–1974)	United States	philosophy, essays	Louise Rosenblatt (1904–2005)
18	Nikos Kazantzakis (1883–1957)	Greece	novel, philosophy, essays, drama, memoir, translation	Nikos Athanasiou Veēs (1882–1958)[b]
19	Pär Lagerkvist (1891–1974)	Sweden	poetry, novel, short story, drama	Henrik Schück (1855–1947)
20	André Malraux (1901–1976)	France	novel, essays, literary criticism	Henri Peyre (1901–1988)
21	Charles Langbridge Morgan (1894–1958)	United Kingdom	drama, novel, essays, poetry	Sigfrid Siwertz (1882–1970)
22	Bernard O'Dowd (1866–1953)	Australia	poetry, essays	Ian Ramsay Maxwell (1901–1979) Several other professors from Australia and New Zealand
23	Arnulf Øverland (1889–1968)	Norway	poetry, essays	Harry Fett (1875–1962)
24	Boris Pasternak (1890–1960)	Soviet Union	poetry, novel, translation	Maurice Bowra (1898–1971)
25	Branislav Petronijević (1875–1954)	Yugoslavia ( Serbia)	philosophy	Vladeta Popović (1894–1951)
26	Ramón Pérez de Ayala (1880–1962)	Spain	novel, poetry, literary criticism	Edgar Allison Peers (1891–1952)
27	Charles Ferdinand Ramuz (1878–1947)	Switzerland	novel, poetry, short story	Hjalmar Hammarskjöld (1862–1953) Henri de Ziégler (1885–1970) Albert Béguin (1901–1957)
28	Jules Romains (1885–1972)	France	poetry, drama, screenplay	Holger Sten (1907–1971) Lorentz Eckhoff (1884–1974)
29	Carl Sandburg (1878–1967)	United States	poetry, essays, biography	Einar Tegen (1884–1965)
30	Mikhail Sholokhov (1905–1984)	Soviet Union	novel	Henry Olsson (1896–1985)
31	Angelos Sikelianos (1884–1951)	Greece	poetry, drama	Nikos Athanasiou Veēs (1882–1958)[b]
32	Ignazio Silone (1900–1978)	Italy	novel, short story, essays, drama	Fredrik Böök (1883–1961)
33	Maila Talvio (1871–1951)	Finland	novel, short story, translation	Veikko Antero Koskenniemi (1885–1962)
34	Marie Under (1883–1980)	Soviet Union ( Estonia)	poetry	Hjalmar Hammarskjöld (1862–1953)
35	Gregorios Xenopoulos (1867–1951)	Greece	novel, drama, essays, literary criticism	Iōannēs Kalitsounakēs (1878–1966)[a]

Notes

1. ^ ^{a b} Several other members of the Academy of Athens joined in the nomination.
2. ^ ^{a b} Veēs suggests that the Prize be possibly shared by Sikelianos and Kazantzakis.

References