1956 Ceylonese parliamentary election
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Parliamentary elections were held in Ceylon in 1956. They were a watershed in the country's political history, and was the first elections fought to realistically challenge the ruling United National Party. The former Leader of the House, S.W.R.D. Bandaranaike who was passed over after the death of the first Prime Minister D. S. Senanayake, crossed over to the opposition to form the Sri Lanka Freedom Party to launch his bid for Prime Minister.
Background
The UNP government of John Kotelawala had been rapidly losing steam. It faced widespread criticism over Ceylon's poor economic performance. Meanwhile, the Sri Lanka Freedom Party now championed a popular socialist platform, calling for English to be replaced by Sinhala as the island's official language.
The UNP resisted this out of deference to Ceylon's
The Lanka Sama Samaja Party and the Communist Party campaigned for parity of status between Sinhala and Tamil, with both to jointly replace English as the official language.
The Tamil parties campaigned to keep English as the official language.
SLFP leader
Results
Bandaranaike's coalition obtained a solid majority government and he became prime minister.
Party | Votes | % | Seats | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Communist Party of Ceylon | 119,715 | 4.52 | 3 | |
All Ceylon Tamil Congress | 8,914 | 0.34 | 1 | |
Others and independents | 316,569 | 11.96 | 8 | |
Total | 2,647,247 | 100.00 | 95 | |
Total votes | 2,391,538 | – | ||
Registered voters/turnout | 3,464,159 | 69.04 | ||
Source: Kusaka Research Institute |
Legacy
The SLFP campaign of 1956 was the first in Ceylon's history where communal feelings against the minority Tamil community were deliberately stirred up by Sinhalese politicians for electoral gain. The SLFP tried to blame the high unemployment Sinhalese youth faced on the Tamils and in effect promised not to correct injustices but to openly discriminate against Tamils via a policy of official unilingualism.[citation needed]
The hard feelings from this campaign contributed towards the eruption, nearly three decades later, of the path to civil war.[citation needed]
However, it also changed the character of politics in the country from the elitism that had characterised it hitherto.
Notes
- ^ As Sri Lanka Freedom Party
- ^ Including the Sinhala Language Front, the Sri Lanka Freedom Party and the Viplavakari Lanka Sama Samaja Party.
References
- "Result of Parliamentary General Election 1956" (PDF). Department of Elections, Sri Lanka. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015.
- "1956 General Election Results". LankaNewspapers.com. Archived from the original on 27 January 2013.
- "Table 33 Parliament Election (1956)". Sri Lanka Statistics. 10 February 2009. Archived from the original on 9 October 2011. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
- Rajasingham, K. T. (24 November 2001). "Chapter 16: 'Honorable wounds of war'". Asia Times. Sri Lanka: The Untold Story. Archived from the original on 15 December 2001. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
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