1989 Japanese House of Councillors election
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126 of the 252 seats in the House of Councillors 127 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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House of Councillors elections were held in Japan on 23 July 1989.
There were several controversial issues dominating the pre-election atmosphere, all of which reflected negatively of the ruling LDP. The most important, according to most polls, was the introduction of an unpopular 3%
The result of all of this negative feeling towards the LDP was an unprecedented victory for the Japan Socialist Party (JSP), roughly doubling its share of the popular vote when compared to the previous House of Councillors election, and being the only major pre-existing party to see a net increase in its share of the popular vote; the other opposition parties, which had more success in the past while the JSP stagnated, saw net decreases in both popular votes as well as seat numbers. Moreover, although the Japanese Communist Party has historically contributed to vote splitting by fielding candidates in every district, the overall decline in support for the JCP is thought to have helped jointly-backed opposition candidates in this election. In any event, the JSP would cooperate with the other opposition parties in order to form a majority coalition over a minority LDP, a historical first for the House of Councillors.[2]
Meanwhile, the LDP lost the popular vote in an election for the first time in its history, and the only prefectures in which any LDP candidates were able to win any seats were
Results
Party | National | Constituency | Seats | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Not up | Won | Total after | +/– | |||
Japan Socialist Party | 19,688,252 | 35.05 | 20 | 15,009,451 | 26.38 | 26 | 20 | 46 | 66 | +25 | ||
Liberal Democratic Party | 15,343,455 | 27.32 | 15 | 17,466,406 | 30.70 | 21 | 73 | 36 | 109 | –31 | ||
Kōmeitō | 6,097,971 | 10.86 | 6 | 2,900,947 | 5.10 | 4 | 10 | 10 | 20 | –4 | ||
Japanese Communist Party | 3,954,408 | 7.04 | 4 | 5,012,424 | 8.81 | 1 | 9 | 5 | 14 | –2 | ||
Democratic Socialist Party | 2,726,419 | 4.85 | 2 | 2,066,533 | 3.63 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 8 | –4 | ||
Dainiin Club | 1,250,022 | 2.23 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | –1 | |||||
Tax Affairs Party | 1,179,939 | 2.10 | 1 | 889,633 | 1.56 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | +1 | ||
Sports and Peace Party | 993,989 | 1.77 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | New | |||||
Democratic Reform Party | 3,878,783 | 6.82 | 11 | 1 | 11 | 12 | New | |||||
Other parties | 4,936,873 | 8.79 | 0 | 2,312,733 | 4.06 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | – | ||
Independents | 7,362,723 | 12.94 | 10 | 5 | 10 | 15 | +8 | |||||
Total | 56,171,328 | 100.00 | 50 | 56,899,633 | 100.00 | 76 | 126 | 126 | 252 | 0 | ||
Valid votes | 56,171,328 | 96.13 | 56,899,633 | 97.35 | ||||||||
Invalid/blank votes | 2,262,734 | 3.87 | 1,546,732 | 2.65 | ||||||||
Total votes | 58,434,062 | 100.00 | 58,446,365 | 100.00 | ||||||||
Registered voters/turnout | 89,891,358 | 65.01 | 89,891,358 | 65.02 | ||||||||
Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications,[3][4] National Diet |
By constituency
Constituency | Total seats |
Seats won | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
JSP | LDP | DRP | Kōmeitō | JCP | DSP | TAP | DC | SPP | Others | Ind. | ||
Aichi | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Akita | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Aomori | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Chiba | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Ehime | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Fukui | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Fukuoka | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Fukushima | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Gifu | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Gunma | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Hiroshima | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Hokkaido | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||
Hyōgo | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Ibaraki | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Ishikawa | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Iwate | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Kagawa | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Kagoshima | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Kanagawa | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Kōchi | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Kumamoto | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||
Kyoto | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Mie | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Miyagi | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Miyazaki | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Nagano | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Nagasaki | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Nara | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Niigata | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Ōita | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Okinawa | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Okayama | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Osaka | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Saga | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Saitama | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Shiga | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Shimane | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Shizuoka | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Tochigi | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Tokushima | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Tokyo | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||
Tottori | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Toyama | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Wakayama | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Yamagata | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Yamaguchi | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Yamanashi | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
National | 50 | 20 | 15 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
Total | 126 | 46 | 36 | 11 | 10 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
References
- ^ Smith, Charles (10 August 1989). "Life after harakiri". Far Eastern Economic Review. p. 15–17.
- ^ JSTOR 2644829.
- ^ Table 13: Persons Elected and Votes Polled by Political Parties - Ordinary Elections for the House of Councillors (1947–2004) Archived 2011-03-23 at the Wayback Machine Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
- ^ "27-11 Allotted Number, Candidates, Eligible Voters as of Election Day, Voters and Voting Percentages of Ordinary Elections for the House of Councillors (1947-2004)". Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications. Archived from the original on 4 January 2006.
- About Japan Series (1999), Changing Japanese Politics, No. 24, Tokyo: Foreign Press Center.
- Mahendra Prakash (2004), Coalition Experience in Japanese Politics: 1993-2003, New Delhi: JNU[1].