1990 New York Giants season
1990 New York Giants season | |
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Owner | Wellington Mara Timothy J. Mara |
General manager | George Young |
Head coach | Bill Parcells |
Home field | Giants Stadium |
Results | |
Record | 13–3 |
Division place | 1st NFC East |
Playoff finish | Won Divisional Playoffs (vs. Bears) 31–3 Won NFC Championship (at 49ers) 15–13 Won Super Bowl XXV (vs. Bills) 20–19 |
Pro Bowlers | |
The 1990 New York Giants season was the franchise's 66th season in the National Football League (NFL). The Giants, who play in the National Football Conference (NFC), won their sixth championship and second Super Bowl. Led by linebacker Lawrence Taylor and quarterbacks Phil Simms and Jeff Hostetler, the Giants posted a 13–3 record before defeating the Chicago Bears and the two-time defending Super Bowl champion San Francisco 49ers in the NFC playoffs. In Super Bowl XXV, they defeated the Buffalo Bills 20–19 in Tampa Stadium against a patriotic backdrop inspired by the recently started Gulf War. The story of the season is the subject of a recent book, When the Cheering Stops, by defensive end Leonard Marshall and CBSsports.com co-writer William Bendetson.
After making the playoffs in 1989, the Giants entered the 1990 season as a Super Bowl favorite, though most believed they stood little chance of stopping the 49ers. The Giants began the season with a 27–20 win over the Philadelphia Eagles, then won their next nine games before losing a rematch to Philadelphia 31–13 in Week 12. The Giants also lost close games to the 49ers on the road and to the Bills at home in the regular season before defeating both teams in playoff rematches. In the Week 15 game against Buffalo, starting quarterback Phil Simms was injured and ultimately lost for the season with a broken foot. He was replaced by Hostetler, who did not lose a game. The Giants' defense led the NFL in fewest points allowed (211), and the team set an NFL record by committing only 14 turnovers in the regular season.[1] After the season, seven Giants were selected to the Pro Bowl.
In 2007, ESPN.com ranked the 1990 Giants' defense as the sixth-greatest in NFL history,[2] noting that the team "allowed only 13.2 points a game against a very tough schedule – they played against seven playoff teams during the regular season. Led by Hall of Fame outside linebacker Lawrence Taylor and First Team All-Pro inside linebacker Pepper Johnson, New York's defense also came through in the playoffs, holding the Bears to just three points in the divisional playoff game. The Giants then held a resilient 49ers offense to just two field goals and one touchdown, and set up the game-winning score by both forcing and recovering a late Roger Craig fumble involving NT Erik Howard and OLB Lawrence Taylor to win the NFC Championship Game 15–13. In Super Bowl XXV, the Giant defense held its own against the Bills' no-huddle offense while the Giants' offense executed long methodical drives that gave the Giants a time of possession advantage of 2-to-1, and New York won 20–19."
Off-season
NFL Draft
The Giants had 11 selections in the 12-round
1990 New York Giants draft | |||||
Round | Pick | Player | Position | College | Notes |
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1 | 27 | Rodney Hampton * | Running back | Georgia | |
2 | 51 | Mike Fox | Defensive lineman
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West Virginia | |
Made roster * Made at least one Pro Bowl during career |
Roster
Quarterbacks
Running backs
Wide receivers
Tight ends
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Offensive linemen
Defensive linemen
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Linebackers
Defensive backs
Special teams
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Reserve lists
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Coaching staff
New York Giants 1990 coaching staff | ||||||
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Front office
Head coaches
Offensive coaches
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Defensive coaches
Special teams coaches
Source:[4] |
Schedule
Preseason
Week | Date | Opponent | Result | Record | Venue | Recap |
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1 | August 13 | at Buffalo Bills | W 20–6 | 1–0 | Rich Stadium
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Recap |
2 | August 18 | at Houston Oilers | W 13–10 | 2–0 | Houston Astrodome
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Recap |
3 | August 25 | New York Jets | W 17–7 | 3–0 | Giants Stadium | Recap |
4 | September 1 | Cleveland Browns | W 28–10 | 4–0 | Giants Stadium | Recap |
Regular season
Week | Date | Opponent | Result | Record | Venue | Recap | |
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1 | September 9 | Philadelphia Eagles | W 27–20 | 1–0 | Giants Stadium | Recap | |
2 | September 16 | at Dallas Cowboys | W 28–7 | 2–0 | Texas Stadium | Recap | |
3 | September 23 | Miami Dolphins | W 20–3 | 3–0 | Giants Stadium | Recap | |
4 | September 30 | Dallas Cowboys | W 31–17 | 4–0 | Giants Stadium | Recap | |
5 | Bye | ||||||
6 | October 14 | at Washington Redskins | W 24–20 | 5–0 | RFK Stadium | Recap | |
7 | October 21 | Phoenix Cardinals | W 20–19 | 6–0 | Giants Stadium | Recap | |
8 | October 28 | Washington Redskins | W 21–10 | 7–0 | Giants Stadium | Recap | |
9 | November 5 | at Indianapolis Colts | W 24–7 | 8–0 | Hoosier Dome
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Recap | |
10 | November 11 | at Los Angeles Rams | W 31–7 | 9–0 | Anaheim Stadium
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Recap | |
11 | November 18 | Detroit Lions | W 20–0 | 10–0 | Giants Stadium | Recap | |
12 | November 25 | at Philadelphia Eagles | L 13–31 | 10–1 | Veterans Stadium | Recap | |
13 | December 3 | at San Francisco 49ers | L 3–7 | 10–2 | Candlestick Park | Recap | |
14 | December 9 | Minnesota Vikings | W 23–15 | 11–2 | Giants Stadium | Recap | |
15 | December 15 | Buffalo Bills | L 13–17 | 11–3 | Giants Stadium | Recap | |
16 | December 23 | at Phoenix Cardinals | W 24–21 | 12–3 | Sun Devil Stadium
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Recap | |
17 | December 30 | at New England Patriots | W 13–10 | 13–3 | Foxboro Stadium | Recap | |
Note: Intra-division opponents are in bold text. |
Game summaries
Week 1: vs. Philadelphia Eagles
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The Giants started the season with a 27–20 home win over
Week 2: at Dallas Cowboys
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With temperatures reaching 122° on the artificial turf at Texas Stadium, the Giants played
Week 3: vs. Miami Dolphins
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On September 23 at Giants Stadium, before 76,483 fans, the Giants met the Miami Dolphins for the first time since
Week 4: vs. Dallas Cowboys
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The Giants faced
Week 6: at Washington Redskins
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The Giants used their
Week 7: vs. Phoenix Cardinals
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In Week 7, the Giants faced
Week 8: vs. Washington Redskins
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total | |
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Redskins | 0 | 3 | 7 | 0 | 10 |
Giants | 0 | 14 | 0 | 7 | 21 |
At home in front of 75,321 fans, the Giants played
Week 9: At Indianapolis Colts
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total | |
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Giants | 3 | 14 | 0 | 7 | 24 |
Colts | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 7 |
at
The Giants improved to 8–0 with a 24–7 win over
Week 10: At Los Angeles Rams
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total | |
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Giants | 3 | 7 | 7 | 14 | 31 |
Rams | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 7 |
at
The Giants traveled to face the Los Angeles Rams on November 11, winning 31–7 in front of 64,632 fans at Anaheim Stadium and led by Simms' efficient passing.[23][24] The Rams had beaten the Giants three times in the past two years,[23] including one win in the 1989 playoffs. Although the Giants were able to sack Rams quarterback Jim Everett just twice, they limited him to 17-of-36 passing for 186 yards, no touchdowns and three interceptions.[24] "It's hard to sack him", Belichick said.[24] "But we kept the pressure on. We had the same coverage we used the last eight years. Nothing radically different."[24]
Week 11: vs. Detroit Lions
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total | |
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Lions | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Giants | 7 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 20 |
The Giants defeated the Detroit Lions 20–0 in Week 11 to improve to 10–0, and set a franchise record for wins to start to a season.[25] Simms threw a 57-yard touchdown pass to receiver Mark Ingram in the second quarter to run the score to 17–0. After the Giants kicked a field goal to make the score 20–0, the teams played a scoreless second half.[26] The shutout was the Giants' first of the season, and coach Parcells commented, "[t]he defense played very well. The offense played well when I let them. We played conservatively in the second half. We played pretty much error-free. We didn't do anything stupid."[26]
Week 12 at Philadelphia Eagles
Period | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
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Giants | 7 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 13 |
Eagles | 7 | 7 | 3 | 14 | 31 |
at
- Date: November 25
- Game time: 1:00 pm. EST
- Game weather: Cloudy • 52 °F or 11.1 °C • Wind 13 miles per hour (21 km/h; 11 kn)
- Referee: Red Cashion
- TV announcers (CBS): Dick Stockton and Merlin Olsen
- Pro-Football-Reference.com, The Football Database
Game information | ||
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The Giants were dealt their first loss at the hands of the Philadelphia Eagles on November 25 by a score of 31–13, dropping their record to 10–1.[27] The Eagles broke open a close game by scoring two touchdowns in 22 seconds in the fourth quarter.[28] The game was marked by several scuffles, and after the game some of the Giants players complained of the tactics used by the Eagles.[29] The Eagles amassed 179 rushing yards and 405 total yards, and punted the ball just twice.[30] Eagles quarterback Randall Cunningham rushed for 66 yards while completing 17 of 31 passes for 229 yards, two touchdowns and no interceptions.[29] Taylor, who recorded three sacks and seven tackles in the Giants' season-opening victory over the Eagles,[5] was held to one tackle in the loss.[29]
Scoring summary | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Week 13: At San Francisco 49ers
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total | |
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Giants | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
49ers | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 7 |
at
The San Francisco 49ers matched the Giants with their own 10–0 start in the 1990 season. Although both teams lost in week 12 to stand at 10–1, their Week 13 matchup on Monday Night Football was still highly anticipated. The game took place in front of 66,092 fans at Candlestick Park.[31] After the Giants opened the scoring in the second quarter with a Matt Bahr field goal, the 49ers answered with the game's only touchdown on a 23-yard pass from Joe Montana to John Taylor. With four minutes left, they stopped the Giants on four passes from the 49ers' 9-yard line and went on to win, 7–3, after which 49ers safety Ronnie Lott and Simms had a heated verbal exchange.[32] The Giants defense performed well in the loss. They held the 49ers to 152 passing yards, 88 rushing yards,[33] and limited All-Pro wide receiver Jerry Rice to one reception for 13 yards.[31] 49ers defensive end Charles Haley recorded five tackles, 1.5 sacks, and two forced fumbles in the victory.[34]
Week 14: vs. Minnesota Vikings
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total | |
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Vikings | 5 | 7 | 3 | 0 | 15 |
Giants | 3 | 7 | 0 | 13 | 23 |
The Giants hosted
Week 15: vs. Buffalo Bills
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total | |
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Bills | 7 | 7 | 0 | 3 | 17 |
Giants | 7 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 13 |
In what would turn out to be a preview of Super Bowl XXV, the Giants lost at home to the Buffalo Bills 17–13 in Week 15.[27] The game was played in inclement weather, which caused 10,295 no-shows at Giants Stadium.[37] They led the Bills in total yards (313 to 264), rushing yards (157 to 65), first downs (20 to 13) and time of possession (37:59 to 22:01), but lost nonetheless.[37] Simms broke his foot during the game, causing him to miss the remainder of the season, and was replaced by Jeff Hostetler, who had engineered the Giants' Week 7 fourth-quarter comeback against Phoenix. The Bills built a 14–10-second quarter lead behind 74- and 78-yard touchdown drives. The teams alternated field goals to make the score 17–13. However, the Giants could not score in the fourth quarter despite mounting drives to the Bills' 18 and 23 yard lines.[37] This was Lionel Manuel's last game as a Giant, as he was waived afterwards.[38]
Week 16: At Phoenix Cardinals
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total | |
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Giants | 3 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 24 |
Cardinals | 0 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 21 |
at
The Giants played
Week 17: At New England Patriots
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total | |
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Giants | 10 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 13 |
Patriots | 0 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
at
The Giants travelled to Massachusetts to face the 1-14 New England Patriots at Foxboro Stadium in Week 17.[27] The game was a de facto home game - the Patriots' penultimate home game drew barely 20,000 fans, so tens of thousands of Giants fans made the trip up to Foxborough to sell the stadium out.[42] While the anemic Patriots had been long eliminated from playoff contention, the game had no playoff implications for the Giants either since they could not surpass the 49ers for the #1 seed in the NFC playoffs. The Giants rushed for a season-high 213 yards, led by Hostetler's 82 yards on 10 carries.[43] The Patriots' Jason Staurovsky missed a potential game-tying 42-yard field goal in the fourth quarter, and Hostetler then ran a 30-yard bootleg on a key third-down play to allow the Giants to run out the clock and secure the victory, 13–10.[43]
Standings
NFC East | |||||||||
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W | L | T | PCT | DIV | CONF | PF | PA | STK | |
(2) New York Giants | 13 | 3 | 0 | .813 | 7–1 | 10–2 | 335 | 211 | W2 |
(4) Philadelphia Eagles | 10 | 6 | 0 | .625 | 5–3 | 9–3 | 396 | 299 | W3 |
(5) Washington Redskins | 10 | 6 | 0 | .625 | 4–4 | 7–5 | 381 | 301 | W1 |
Dallas Cowboys | 7 | 9 | 0 | .438 | 2–6 | 6–8 | 244 | 308 | L2 |
Phoenix Cardinals | 5 | 11 | 0 | .313 | 2–6 | 3–9 | 268 | 396 | L3 |
Playoffs
The Giants finished the regular season having committed an NFL record-low 14 turnovers, and their defense led the league in fewest points allowed (211).[44]
Round | Date | Opponent (seed) | Result | Record | Venue | Recap | |
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Wild Card | Bye | ||||||
Divisional | January 13, 1991 | Chicago Bears (3) | W 31–3 | 1–0 | Giants Stadium | Recap | |
NFC Championship | January 20, 1991 | at San Francisco 49ers (1) | W 15–13 | 2–0 | Candlestick Park | Recap | |
Super Bowl XXV | January 27, 1991 | Buffalo Bills (A1) | W 20–19 | 3–0 | Tampa Stadium | Recap |
NFC Divisional Playoff: Vs Chicago Bears
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The Giants defeated
NFC Championship Game: At San Francisco 49ers
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total | |
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Giants | 3 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 15 |
49ers | 3 | 3 | 7 | 0 | 13 |
at
The Giants advanced to face the two-time defending champion
With the win, not only did the Giants advance to their second Super Bowl, they became and still remain as the only team in NFL history to defeat a two-time repeat Super Bowl champion in the playoffs on the road.
Super Bowl XXV
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total | |
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Bills | 3 | 9 | 0 | 7 | 19 |
Giants | 3 | 7 | 7 | 3 | 20 |
at Tampa Stadium, Tampa, Florida
The Giants received the second-half kickoff and mounted a drive during which they converted on five third-down plays over the course of more than nine minutes[54] (a Super Bowl record) and scored on a one-yard touchdown run by Ottis Anderson, giving the Giants a 17–12 lead.[55] The signature play of the drive came on a third-down play, when Giants receiver Mark Ingram appeared about to be tackled well short of a first down. However, Ingram evaded several tacklers, dragging one defender in the process, to gain just enough yards for a first down. The Giants' strategy to handle the Bills' potent offense had become clear: keep them off the field. The Giants' two touchdown drives consumed over 17 minutes.[55]
The Bills struck back quickly. On the first play of the fourth quarter, Thurman Thomas ran for a 31-yard touchdown that put the Bills back in front, 19–17.[55] A few possessions later, the Giants drove down to the Bills' 4-yard line but had to settle for a 21-yard field goal by Matt Bahr that gave the Giants a 20–19 lead.[55] Both teams exchanged possessions before the Bills began one final drive. The Bills drove down to the Giants' 30-yard line to set up a game-winning 47-yard field goal attempt by Scott Norwood. Just before the kick, ABC showed a graphic indicating that, on grass that season, Norwood had only made three of seven field goals from at least 40 yards, and that the 47-yarder would be Norwood's longest ever on grass. A few moments later, in what became the game's signature moment, Norwood's attempt missed wide right, and the Giants won their second Super Bowl in five years, 20–19.[55]
The Giants set a Super Bowl record for
Season Facts
- This year was the second of four times that the Giants faced a team in the regular season that they later played in the Super Bowl. The Giants are 2–2 in the regular season and 4–0 in the Super Bowl against these teams.
- The Giants wore their home blue uniforms for their first seven games; five of those games were played at home and the remaining two were at the Dallas Cowboys and Washington Redskins, who traditionally wore their white uniforms at home. In all, the Giants wore their blue jerseys 12 times (winning 11 of those games) and their white jerseys seven times (winning five of those games).
- The Giants played the Miami Dolphins for the first time since their first meeting in 1972.
- The Giants set an NFL record for the fewest turnovers in a 16-game season, with 14.
- The Giants had a 13-game regular-season winning streak: three wins in 1989 and 10 wins in 1990.
- The Giants' 10–0 start was the best in team history, and their 13–3 record was their second-best in a 16-game season.
- The Giants' victory over the Bears in the NFC Divisional game was their first over the Bears in the playoffs since 1956.
Awards and honors
- Ottis Anderson, Super Bowl Most Valuable Player
- Reyna Thompson, 1990 All-Madden Team
- Reyna Thompson, 1990 NFC Pro Bowl selection
- Eric Howard, 1990 All-Madden Team
- Matt Bahr, 1990 All-Madden Team
- Lawrence Taylor, 1990 NFC Pro Bowl selection
- Lawrence Taylor, 1990 Second Team All-Pro
- Sean Landeta, 1990 NFC Pro Bowl selection
- Sean Landeta, 1990 First Team All-Pro
- David Meggett, 1990 NFC Pro Bowl selection
- Pepper Johnson, 1990 NFC Pro Bowl selection
- Pepper Johnson, 1990 First Team All-Pro
- Bart Oates, 1990 NFC Pro Bowl selection
See also
- History of the New York Giants (1979–93)
- List of New York Giants seasons
References
- ^ Later broken by the New York Giants and Miami Dolphins in 2008 with 13, and then again by the 2010 New England Patriots and the 2011 San Francisco 49ers, with only 10.
- ^ The List: Best NFL defense of all-time, 2007
- ^ Draft History: New York Giants Archived 2007-05-31 at the Wayback Machine, NFL.com/history, accessed May 17, 2007.
- Dallas Morning News, October 8, 2004.
- ^ a b c Litsky, Frank. FOOTBALL; (sic) Marshall Struggles to Regain Job, The New York Times, September 15, 1990, accessed March 25, 2008.
- ^ Box Score Eagles Vs Giants 9/9/1990 Archived 2007-02-10 at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com, accessed May 23, 2007.
- ^ a b c d Litsky, Frank. Key Backup Players Keep Giants Fresh, The New York Times, September 18, 1990, accessed March 25, 2008.
- ^ Box Score Giants Vs Cowboys 9/16/1990 Archived 2011-05-26 at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com, accessed May 24, 2007.
- ^ New York Giants v Miami Dolphins
- ^ a b c Litsky, Frank. Giants Smother Dolphins, The New York Times, September 24, 1990, accessed March 25, 2008.
- ^ Box Score Dolphins Vs Giants 9/23/1990 Archived 2007-02-16 at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com, accessed May 23, 2007.
- ^ Anderson, Dave. Sports of the Times; Why Was L. T. Playing?, The New York Times, September 24, 1990, accessed March 25, 2008.
- ^ a b c d Litsky, Frank. Giants Dispatch Cowboys To Go 4–0, The New York Times, October 1, 1990, accessed March 25, 2008.
- ^ Box Score Cowboys Vs Giants 9/30/1990 Archived 2006-05-26 at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com, accessed May 24, 2007.
- ^ Litsky, Frank. Giants Welcome a Needed Rest, The New York Times, October 2, 1990, accessed March 25, 2008.
- ^ a b c Eskenazi, Gerald. Redskin Turnovers Make the Difference, The New York Times, October 15, 1990, accessed March 25, 2008.
- ^ a b c Litsky, Frank. Giants Find a Way to Win, 20–19, The New York Times, October 22, 1990, accessed March 25, 2008.
- ^ a b Box Score Cardinals Vs Giants 10/21/1990, databasefootball.com, accessed May 23, 2007.
- ^ a b c Litsky, Frank. The Beating Goes On as 7–0 Giants Thwart Redskins, The New York Times, October 29, 1990, accessed March 25, 2008.
- ^ a b Box Score Redskins Vs Giants 10/28/1990 Archived 2007-02-16 at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com, accessed May 24, 2007.
- ^ a b c d Litsky, Frank. PRO FOOTBALL; Colts No Obstacle at All as Giants Reach 8–0, The New York Times, November 6, 1990, accessed March 25, 2008.
- ^ Box Score Giants Vs Colts 11/5/1990 Archived 2007-02-08 at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com, accessed May 23, 2007.
- ^ a b Litsky,Frank. Giants Brush Rams Aside, The New York Times, November 12, 1990, accessed March 25, 2008.
- ^ a b c d Stevenson, Samantha. Giants' Pressure Foils Everett, The New York Times, November 12, 1990, accessed March 25, 2008.
- ^ Litsky, Frank. Giants Stay Perfect, The New York Times, November 19, 1990, accessed March 25, 2008.
- ^ a b Eskenazi, Gerald. Simms Finds Time For Pass of the Day, The New York Times, November 19, 1990, accessed March 25, 2008.
- ^ a b c d e f g h 1990 New York Giants Archived 2007-02-07 at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com, accessed May 23, 2007.
- ^ Litsky, Frank. Eagles Slam Giants' Express, The New York Times, November 26, 1990, accessed March 25, 2008.
- ^ a b c Anderson, Dave. Sports of The Times; Giants Lose Their Poise, Too, The New York Times, November 26, 1990, accessed March 25, 2008.
- ^ Box Score Giants Vs Eagles 11/26/1990 Archived 2007-02-10 at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com, accessed May 23, 2007.
- ^ a b Litsky, Frank PRO FOOTBALL; Showdown Becomes Shutdown as 49ers Win, The New York Times, December 4, 1990, accessed March 25, 2008.
- ^ Smith, Timothy W. Pro Football; Players Try to Minimize Lott's and Simms's Brief Encounter, The New York Times, October 29, 1993, accessed October 29, 2007.
- ^ Box Score Giants Vs 49ers 12/3/1990 Archived 2006-05-26 at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com, accessed May 29, 2007.
- ^ Martinez, Mike. PRO FOOTBALL; Haley's Recovery Disables The Giants, The New York Times, December 4, 1990, accessed March 25, 2008.
- ^ a b c Anderson, Dave. Cancel L.T.'s Rocking Chair, The New York Times, December 10, 1990, accessed March 25, 2008.
- ^ Box Score Vikings Vs Giants 12/9/1990 Archived 2006-05-26 at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com, accessed May 23, 2007.
- ^ a b c Litsky, Frank. PRO FOOTBALL; Tough Day for Giants and Quarterbacks, The New York Times, December 16, 1990, accessed March 25, 2008.
- ^ Giants Waive Manuel, Citing a Bad Attitude – NYTimes.com
- ^ Box Score Giants Vs Cardinals 12/23/1990 Archived 2006-05-26 at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com, accessed May 23, 2007.
- ^ a b c Litsky, Frank. PRO FOOTBALL; Hostetler Is Solid; Defense Has Holes, The New York Times, December 25, 1990, accessed March 25, 2008.
- ^ Martinez, Michael. Hostetler Pleased After Fine Day's Work, The New York Times, December 24, 1990, accessed March 25, 2008.
- ^ Anderson, Dave. Sports of The Times; Scrambles and a Super Dream, The New York Times, December 31, 1990, accessed March 25, 2008.
- ^ a b Litsky, Frank. Sluggish Giants Hold Off Patriots, The New York Times, December 31, 1990, accessed March 25, 2008.
- ^ Neft, Cohen, and Korch. pg. 914
*1990 NFL Standings, Stats and Awards Archived 2007-04-10 at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com, accessed May 23, 2007. - ^ a b c d Mitchell, Fred. It's 4th and long gone for Bears, Chicago Tribune, January 13, 1991, accessed May 24, 2007.
- ^ Box Score Bears Vs Giants 1/13/1991 Archived 2007-08-27 at the Wayback Machine, databasefootball.com, accessed May 23, 2007.
- ^ a b Pervin. pg. 92
- ^ a b c Neft, Cohen, and Korch. 934
- ^ Pervin. pg. 92–3
- ^ Schwartz. pg. 174
- ^ a b c Championship Games 1950–present Archived 2007-03-17 at the Wayback Machine, giants.com, accessed May 20, 2007.
- ^ Harris, Elliot. Noteworthy, Chicago Sun-Times, September 2, 2003, accessed May 27, 2007.
- ^ By definition, as the result of the game was a one point difference, it was the most competitive Super Bowl in history.
- ^ a b c d Neft, Cohen, and Korch. pg. 935
- ^ a b c d e f Super Bowl XXV, NFL.com/history, accessed May 23, 2007.
Sources
- Neft, David S., Cohen, Richard M., and Korch, Rick. The Complete History of Professional Football from 1892 to the Present. New York: St. Martin's Press. 1994 ISBN 0-312-11435-4
- Pervin, Lawrence A. Football's New York Giants: A History. McFarland 2009 ISBN 0-7864-4268-9
- Schwartz, John. Tales from the New York Giants Sideline, Sports Publishing LLC, 2004 ISBN 1-58261-758-9
- Sprechman, Jordan and Shannon, Bill. This Day in New York Sports, Illinois: Sports Publishing LLC. 1998 ISBN 1-57167-254-0