1993
Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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1993 by topic |
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Works category |
ROC 82 民國82年 | |
Nanakshahi calendar | 525 |
Thai solar calendar | 2536 |
Tibetan calendar | 阳水猴年 (male Water-Monkey) 2119 or 1738 or 966 — to — 阴水鸡年 (female Water-Rooster) 2120 or 1739 or 967 |
Unix time | 725846400 – 757382399 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1993.
1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1993rd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 993rd year of the 2nd millennium, the 93rd year of the 20th century, and the 4th year of the 1990s decade.
1993 was designated as:
- International Year for the World's Indigenous People
The year 1993 in the Kwajalein Atoll in the Marshall Islands had only 364 days, since its calendar advanced 24 hours to the Eastern Hemisphere side of the International Date Line, skipping August 21, 1993.[1]
Events
January
- January 1
- Czechoslovakia ceases to exist, as the Czech Republic and Slovakia separate in the Dissolution of Czechoslovakia.
- The European Economic Community eliminates trade barriers and creates a European single market.
- January 3 – In Moscow, Presidents George H. W. Bush (United States) and Boris Yeltsin (Russia) sign the second Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty.
- January 5
- US$7.4 million is stolen from the Brink's Armored Car Depot in Rochester, New York, in the fifth largest robbery in U.S. history.
- MV Braer, a Liberian-registered oil tanker, runs aground off the Scottish island of Mainland, Shetland, causing a massive oil spill.
- January 6
- Douglas Hurd is the first high-ranking British official to visit Argentina since the Falklands War.
- January 6–20 – The Bombay riots take place in Mumbai.
- Fourth Republic of Ghana is inaugurated, with Jerry Rawlingsas president.
- Braer Storm of January 1993, the most intense extratropical cycloneon record for the northern Atlantic Ocean, occurs.
- January 13
- January 14 – The Polish ferry MS Jan Heweliusz sinks off the coast of Rügen in the Baltic Sea, killing 54 people.
- Iraqi no-fly zones. U.S. forces fire approximately 40 Tomahawk cruise missiles at Baghdad factories linked to Iraq's illegal nuclear weapons program (→ January 1993 airstrikes on Iraq). Iraq then informs UNSCOM that it will be able to resume its flights.
- January 20 – Bill Clinton is sworn in as the 42nd President of the United States.
- January 24 – In Turkey, thousands protest against the murder of journalist Uğur Mumcu.
- January 25 – Social Democrat Poul Nyrup Rasmussen succeeds Conservative Poul Schlüter as Prime Minister of Denmark.
- January 26 – Václav Havel is elected President of the Czech Republic.
February
- February 4 – Members of the right-wing Austrian Freedom Party of Austria split to form the Liberal Forum in protest against the increasing nationalistic bent of the party.
- February 10
- Lien Chan is named by Lee Teng-hui to succeed Hau Pei-tsun as Premier of the Republic of China.
- Mani pulite scandal: Italian legislator Claudio Martelli resigns, followed by various politicians over the next two weeks.
- February 14
- George Vasiliouin the Cypriot presidential election.
- Albert Zafy defeats Didier Ratsiraka in the Madagascar presidential election.
- February 22 – United Nations Security Council Resolution 808 is voted on, deciding that "an international tribunal shall be established" to prosecute violations of international law in Yugoslavia. The tribunal is established on May 25 by Resolution 827.
- World Trade Centerexplodes, killing six people and injuring over one thousand.
March
- Macedonian Palair Flight 301, an F-100 on a flight to Zürich, crashes shortly after take-off from Skopje, killing 83 of the 97 on board.
- March 8 – The Moon moves into its nearest point to Earth, called perigee, at the same time as its fullest phase of the Lunar Cycle. The Moon appears to be 14% bigger and 30% brighter than the year's other full moons. The next time these two events coincided was in 2008.[2]
- March 11 – Janet Reno is confirmed by the United States Senate and sworn in the next day, becoming the first female Attorney General of the United States.[3]
- March 12
- 1993 Bombay bombings: Several bombs explode in Bombay, India, killing 257 and injuring hundreds more.
- Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty and refuses to allow inspectors access to nuclear sites, beginning the 1993-94 North Korean Nuclear Crisis.
- March 13–15 – The Great Blizzard of 1993 strikes the eastern U.S., bringing record snowfall and other severe weather all the way from Cuba to Quebec; it reportedly kills 184 people.[4]
- March 13 – 1993 Australian federal election: Paul Keating's Labor government is re-elected with an increased majority, defeating the Liberal/National Coalition led by John Hewson.[5]
- March 17 – The Kurdistan Workers' Party announces a unilateral ceasefire in Iraq.
- March 24
- The Israeli Knesset elects Ezer Weizman as President of Israel.
- South Africa officially abandons its nuclear weapons programme. President de Klerk announces that the country's six warheads had already been dismantled in 1989.
- March 27
- Jiang Zemin becomes President of the People's Republic of China.
- Following a rash of integrist murders (including those of foreigners), Algeria breaks diplomatic relations with Iran, accusing the country of interfering in its interior affairs.
- Mahamane Ousmane is elected president of Niger.
- March 28 – 1993 French legislative election: Rally for the Republic (Gaullist party) wins a majority and Édouard Balladur becomes Prime Minister.
- March 29 – The 65th Academy Awards, hosted by Billy Crystal, are held at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in Los Angeles, with Unforgiven winning Best Picture.
April
- April–May – 1993 Four Corners hantavirus outbreak: Thirteen people are killed by Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, mainly in the Southwestern United States.
- April–October – Great Flood of 1993: The Mississippi and Missouri Rivers flood large portions of the American Midwest.
- Republic of Macedonia is admitted to the United Nations.
- April 11 – Four hundred fifty prisoners rioted at the Southern Ohio Correctional Facility in Lucasville, Ohio, and continued to do so for ten days, citing grievances related to prison conditions, as well as the forced vaccination of Nation of Islam prisoners (for tuberculosis) against their religious beliefs.
- April 16 – Bosnian War: the enclave of Srebrenica is declared a UN-protected "safe area".
- April 19 – Waco siege: A 51-day stand-off at the Branch Davidian compound near Waco, Texas, ends with a fire that kills 76 people, including David Koresh.
- April 20 – The Council for National Academic Awards, the national degree-awarding authority in the United Kingdom, is officially dissolved.
- Luis Garcia Mezato 30 years in jail without parole for murder, theft, fraud and violating the constitution.
- April 23
- The World Health Organization declares tuberculosis a global emergency.
- Eritreans vote overwhelmingly for independence from Ethiopia in a United Nations-monitored referendum, the 1993 Eritrean independence referendum.
- April 26 – Oscar Luigi Scalfaro appoints Carlo Azeglio Ciampi Prime Minister of Italy.
- April 27
- Eritrea: Eritrean independence is declared verified by the United Nations.
- 1993 Yemeni parliamentary election: The General People's Congress of Yemen wins a plurality of 121 seats.
- .
- April 30 – Tennis player Monica Seles – at this time the top-ranked player in women's tennis – is stabbed during a match at the 1993 Citizen Cup in Hamburg, Germany.
May
- suicide bomber. Prime Minister Dingiri Banda Wijetunga succeeds Premadasa as the 3rd executive president of Sri Lanka.
- UNITAF.
- May 9 – Juan Carlos Wasmosy becomes the first democratically elected President of Paraguay in nearly 40 years, after defeating Domingo Laíno in the 1993 Paraguayan general election.
- May 15 – Niamh Kavanagh wins the Eurovision Song Contest for Ireland with In Your Eyes.
- May 16 – The Grand National Assembly of Turkey elects Prime Minister Süleyman Demirel as President of Turkey. After Demirel becomes president, the acting Prime Minister of Turkey is Erdal İnönü of Social Democratic Populist Party for 40 days.
- May 24 – Eritrea gains independence from Ethiopia.
- May 25 – The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia is created in The Hague.
- May 28 – Eritrea and Monaco gain entry to the United Nations.
June
- June 1
- Large protests erupt against Slobodan Milošević's regime in Belgrade; opposition leader Vuk Drašković and his wife Danica are arrested.
- President of Guatemala Jorge Serrano Elías is forced to flee the country after an attempted self-coup.
- legislative electionsees his party win with an overwhelming majority.
- June 5
- The National Assembly of Venezuela designates Ramón José Velásquez as successor of suspended President Carlos Andrés Pérez.
- Attack on Pakistani military in Somalia: twenty-four Pakistani troops in the United Nations forces are killed in Mogadishu, Somalia.
- The
- June 6
- Following the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement's victory, Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada becomes President of Bolivia.
- Mongolia holds its first direct presidential elections, Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat remains president.
- .
- June 14 – Multipartyists win a referendum on the future of the one-party system in Malawi.
- June 18
- Iraq disarmament crisis: Iraq refuses to allow UNSCOM weapons inspectors to install remote-controlled monitoring cameras at two missile engine test stands.
- KTTV launched Good Day L.A.
- June 22 – Japan's New Party Sakigake breaks away from the Liberal Democratic Party.
- June 24 – UK mathematician Andrew Wiles wins worldwide fame after presenting his proof of Fermat's Last Theorem, a problem that had been unsolved for more than three centuries.
- June 25
- Kim Campbell becomes the 19th, and first female, Prime Minister of Canada.
- True Path Party forms the new government of Turkey.
- Zoran Lilić succeeds Dobrica Ćosić as President of Yugoslavia.
- The litas is introduced as the new currency of Lithuania.
- Jacques Attali resigns as President of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development.
- June 26–28 – Typhoon Koryn causes massive damage to the Philippines, China and Macau.
- cruise missile attack on Iraqi intelligence headquarters in the Al-Mansur District of Baghdad, in response to an Iraqi plot to assassinate former U.S. President George H. W. Bushduring his visit to Kuwait in mid-April.
July
- July 5
- UNSCOMdemands and the inspection teams return.
- Electrochemist Faiza Al-Kharafi is appointed rector (president) of Kuwait University, the first woman to head a major university in the Middle East.
- July 7–9 – The 19th G7 summit is held in Tokyo, Japan.
- July 8 – Monsoonal floods in South Asia begin, going on to kill more than three thousand people over the next month.[6][7][8]
- July 7 – Hurricane Calvin lands in Mexico. It is the second Pacific hurricane on record to land in Mexico in July and kills 34.
- July 12 – The 7.7 Mw Hokkaidō earthquake affects northern Japan with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (Severe) and triggers a devastating tsunami that kills 230 on the small island of Okushiri, Hokkaido.
- July 19 – 1993 Japanese general election: The loss of majority of the Liberal Democratic Party results in a coalition taking power.
- July 26
- Miguel Indurain wins the 1993 Tour de France.
- Haenam, South Korea; 68 are killed.
- Nazi death camp guard John Demjanjukof all charges and he is set free.
August
- August – The European Exchange Rate Mechanism margin was expanded to 15% to accommodate speculation against the French franc and other currencies.[11]
- Tel Dan Stele, the first archaeological confirmation of the existence of the Davidic line, is announced.
- August 9 – King Albert II of Belgium is sworn into office nine days after the death of his brother, King Baudouin I.
- August 13 – More than 130 die in the collapse of Royal Plaza Hotel at Nakhon Ratchasima in Thailand's worst hotel disaster.
- August 21 – NASA loses radio contact with the Mars Observer orbiter 3 days before the spacecraft is scheduled to enter orbit around Mars.
- August 28
- Ong Teng Cheong becomes the first President of Singapore elected by the population.
- The first Power Rangers series, Mighty Morphin Power Rangers (an adaptation of Kyōryū Sentai Zyuranger), premieres in the United States.
- August 31 – Russia completes removing its troops from Lithuania.
September
- September 13
- 1993 Norwegian parliamentary election: The Labour Party wins a plurality of the seats and Prime Minister Gro Harlem Brundtland retains office.
- shake hands in Washington, D.C. after signing a peace accord.
- Hurricane Gertcrosses from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean through Central America and Mexico.
- September 17 – Russian troops withdraw from Poland.
- September 19 – 1993 Polish parliamentary election: A coalition of the Democratic Left Alliance and the Polish People's Party led by Waldemar Pawlak comes into power.
- Big Bayou Canot train disaster: A bridge collapses while the Amtrak Sunset Limitedis in the process of crossing it, killing 47 people.
- September 23 – The International Olympic Committee selects Sydney, Australia, to host the 2000 Summer Olympics.[12]
- September 24 – The Cambodian monarchy is restored, with Norodom Sihanouk as king.
- September 26
- The first mission in Biosphere 2 ends after two years.
- PoSAT-1 (the first Portuguese satellite) is launched on board French rocket Ariane 4.
- Fall of Sukhumi – Eduard Shevardnadzeaccuses Russia of passive complicity.
- Mercalli intensityof VIII (Severe), killing 9,748 and injuring 30,000.
October
- UH-60 Blackhawksare shot down and the operation leaves over 1,000 Somalians dead and over 74 Americans wounded in action, 18 killed and 1 captured.
- White House of Russia Parliament building by force, quashing a mass uprising against President Boris Yeltsin.
- nuclear test, ending a worldwide de facto moratorium.
- Pusan, South Korea; 292 are killed.
- economic sanctions (abolished in August) are reinstated. U.S. President Bill Clinton sends 6 American warships to enforce them.
- October 13
- 1993 Greek legislative election: Andreas Papandreou begins his second term as Prime Minister of Greece.
- The fifth summit of the Francophonie opens in Mauritius.
- The 1993 Finisterre earthquakes in Papua New Guinea kill at least 60 due to landslides.[13]
- October 19 – Benazir Bhutto becomes the Prime Minister of Pakistan for the second time.
- Burundi Civil War.
- October 25 – 1993 Canadian federal election: Jean Chrétien and his Liberal Party defeat the governing Progressive Conservative Party, which falls to a historic low of two seats.
- October 27–31 – The Southland Firestorm, formed of more than fourteen separate fires in Southern California burning simultaneously, burns more than 700 homes and 160,000 acres.[14] Two of these fire are the Laguna Fire which burned more than 16,000 acres (6,500 hectares), destroyed hundreds of homes and caused $528 million in damage in Orange County, California, and the Kinneloa Fire in Los Angeles County, California which caused a fatality.
November
- November 1 – The Maastricht Treaty takes effect, formally establishing the European Union.[15]
- November 4 – Jean Chrétien becomes the 20th Prime Minister of Canada.[16]
- November 5 – The Parliament of the United Kingdom passes the Railways Act 1993, setting out the procedures for privatisation of British Rail.[17]
- November 9 – Bosnian Croat forces destroy the Stari Most, or Old Bridge of Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina, by tank fire.[18][19]
- November 12 – London Convention: Marine dumping of radioactive waste is outlawed.
- a status referendum, residents of Puerto Rico vote by a slim margin to maintain Commonwealth status.[20]
- November 17–22 – The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) passes the legislative houses in the United States, Canada and Mexico.
- November 17
- In Nigeria, General Sani Abacha ousts the government of Ernest Shonekan in a military coup.[21]
- The first meeting of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit opens in Seattle.[22]
- Macedonia. All 8 crew members and 115 of the 116 passengers are killed.[23]
- November 28 – The Observer reveals that a channel of communications has existed between the Provisional Irish Republican Army and the British government, despite the government's persistent denials.[24]
- November 30
- An agreement establishing the Permanent Tripartite Commission for East African Co-operation is signed.[25]
- U.S. President Bill Clinton signs the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act.[26]
December
- December 2
- STS-61: NASA launches the Space Shuttle Endeavour on a mission to repair an optical flaw in the Hubble Space Telescope.[27]
- Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar is gunned down by police.[28]
- December 5
- Omar Bongo is re-elected as President of Gabon in the country's first multiparty elections.[29]
- Rafael Caldera Rodríguez is elected President of Venezuela for the second time, succeeding interim president Ramón José Velásquez.[30]
- December 7
- In Long Island Rail Road massacre, a racially motivated mass shooting perpetrated by Colin Ferguson, a black Jamaican immigrant.[31]
- The 32-member Transitional Executive Committee holds its first meeting[32] in Cape Town, marking the first meeting of an official government body in South Africa with Black members.
- President of Ivory Coast Félix Houphouët-Boigny dies at 88, the oldest African head of state.[33] He is succeeded four days later by Henri Konan Bédié.[34]
- In
- December 8 – U.S. President Bill Clinton signs into law the North American Free Trade Agreement.[35]
- December 10 – id Software releases the first-person shooter game Doom.
- December 11
- One of the three blocks of the Highland Towers near Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia collapses, killing 48.[36]
- 1993 Chilean presidential election: Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle is elected with 58% of the vote.[37]
- December 13
- Former Prime Minister of Canada Kim Campbell resigns as leader of the Progressive Conservative Party and is succeeded as leader by Jean Charest.[38][39]
- The Non-Proliferation Treaty and agrees to dismantle the more than 100 missiles left on its territory by the fall of the USSR.[40]
- December 15 – The Uruguay Round of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) talks reach a successful conclusion after seven years.[41]
- December 17 – Brazil's Supreme Court rules that former President Fernando Collor de Mello may not hold elected office again until 2000 due to political corruption.[42]
- December 20
- The U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights.[43]
- The first corrected images from the Hubble Space Telescope are taken.
- The
- Hungarian Parliament elects Péter Boross Prime Minister of Hungary following the death of József Antall on December 12.[44]
- December 30
- The Congress Party gains a parliamentary majority in India after the defection of 10 Janata Dal party lawmakers.
- Representatives of Israel and the Holy See sign the Fundamental Agreement Between the Holy See and the State of Israel, preparing for the establishment of diplomatic relations.[45]
- Roman Catholic.[46]
Births and deaths
Nobel Prizes
- Chemistry – Kary Mullis, Michael Smith
- Robert W. Fogel, Douglass North
- Literature – Toni Morrison
- Peace – Nelson Mandela and F. W. de Klerk
- Joseph Hooton Taylor, Jr.
- Physiology or Medicine – Richard J. Roberts, Phillip Allen Sharp
References
- New York Times. Archivedfrom the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 8 May 2022.
- ^ "Closest Full Moon since March 8, 1993". Archived from the original on December 15, 2008.
- ^ Ifill, Gwen (March 12, 1993). "Reno is confirmed in top justice job". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 24, 2018. Retrieved August 27, 2018.
- ^ Armstrong, Tim. "Superstorm of 1993: "Storm of the Century"". NOAA. Archived from the original on July 14, 2021. Retrieved February 12, 2017.
- ^ "1993 Federal Election | AustralianPolitics.com". australianpolitics.com. Archived from the original on February 24, 2021. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
- ^ "1993 Global Register of Extreme Flood Events". Archived from the original on October 18, 2003.
- ^ "MONSOON FLOODS SPREAD DESTRUCTION ACROSS SOUTH ASIA, KILLING 3,000".
- ^ "S. Asia Floods Kill 4,200; More Deaths Feared".
- ISBN 978-1-86842-357-6.
- ^ "TRC Reports on St James Church Massacre". South African History Online. Truth and Reconciliation Commission. Archived from the original on January 31, 2015. Retrieved January 31, 2015.
A terrorist attack on St. James Church in Cape Town, South Africa left 11 people dead and 58 wounded.
- ^ Sirtaine, Sophie; Skamnelos, Ilias (January 1, 2007). Credit Growth in Emerging Europe: A Cause for Stability Concerns?. World Bank Publications. p. 30.
- ^ North, Sam (September 24, 2003). "Sydney wins". Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on September 18, 2017. Retrieved September 18, 2017.
- U.S. Geological Survey. Archivedfrom the original on October 8, 2022. Retrieved October 11, 2021.
- LA Times. October 31, 1993. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
- ^ "Founding agreements". Principles and values. European Union. Archived from the original on April 9, 2022. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "Profile - Chrétien, Joseph Jacques Jean". People. Parliament of Canada. Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on May 12, 2022. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "Railways Act 1993". legislation.gov.uk. Crown and database right. Archived from the original on April 10, 2022. Retrieved April 10, 2022 – via The National Archives.
- ^ Buric, Nada (November 11, 1993). "Croats blamed for destroying bridge". Spartanburg Herald-Journal. Associated Press. p. A9. Archived from the original on May 1, 2022. Retrieved May 1, 2022 – via Google News.
- ^ Nuhefendić, Azra (November 8, 2013). "Mostar: the Old One, twenty years later". Bosnia Herzegovina. Osservatorio Balcani e Caucaso Transeuropa. Archived from the original on April 16, 2022. Retrieved April 16, 2022.
- JSTOR 2504095.
- The Associated Press. November 18, 2022. p. A15. Archivedfrom the original on July 24, 2020. Retrieved April 29, 2022.
- APEC Secretariat. Archivedfrom the original on June 14, 2022. Retrieved May 12, 2022.
- Aviation Safety Network. Flight Safety Foundation. Archivedfrom the original on November 8, 2005. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ Darnton, John (November 29, 1993). "BRITAIN CONCEDES IT SECRETLY MADE CONTACT WITH I.R.A." The New York Times. p. A1. Archived from the original on May 15, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
- ^ "History of the EAC". About EAC. East African Community. Archived from the original on April 30, 2022. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
- Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence. Archived from the originalon December 19, 2012. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ Dumoulin, Jim (June 29, 2001). "STS-61". NASA. Archived from the original on October 27, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
- U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration. Archived from the originalon January 18, 2006. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
- ^ "Elections in Gabon". African Elections Database. February 20, 2012. Archived from the original on October 16, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
- Fundación CIDOB. Archivedfrom the original on October 28, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
- ^ Gladwell, Malcolm; Stassen-Berger, Rachel E. (December 9, 1993). "N.Y. Train Killings Suspect Was 'Motivated By Bias'". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on December 26, 2018. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
- from the original on October 26, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021 – via SOAS Research Online.
- ^ Noble, Kenneth B. (December 8, 1993). "Felix Houphouet-Boigny, Ivory Coast's Leader Since Freedom in 1960, Is Dead". The New York Times. Archived from the original on October 29, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
- The Associated Press. December 11, 1993. p. 7. Archivedfrom the original on October 16, 2021. Retrieved October 16, 2021.
- ^ "Clinton Signs NAFTA -- December 8, 1993". American President: An Online Reference Resource. Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia. Archived from the original on October 10, 2010. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
- A&E Television Networks. 2008. Archived from the originalon July 11, 2011. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
- United States Central Intelligence Agency (March 1, 1999). The 1997 CIA World Factbook. Archivedfrom the original on October 22, 2023. Retrieved September 19, 2023.
- ^ Farnsworth, Clyde H. (December 14, 1993). "Campbell Resigns as Tory Leader in Canada". The New York Times. p. A9. Archived from the original on October 29, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
- ^ Boyko, John (August 11, 2011). "Kim Campbell". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Canada. Archived from the original on October 16, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
- (PDF) from the original on March 24, 2022. Retrieved October 16, 2021.
- ^ "The Uruguay Round". Trade Resources. World Trade Organization. Archived from the original on August 22, 2006. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
- ^ Brooke, James (December 17, 1993). "Brazilian Court Reaffirms Ban on the Ex-President". The New York Times. p. A9. Archived from the original on October 16, 2021. Retrieved October 16, 2021.
- OHCHR. Archivedfrom the original on March 8, 2022. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
- ^ "Dr. Boross Péter". Magyar Demokrata Fórum 2006 (in Hungarian). Archived from the original on June 3, 2006. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
- vatican.va. December 30, 1993. Archivedfrom the original on November 25, 2021. Retrieved October 16, 2021.
- ^ Nash, Nathaniel C. (December 30, 1993). "Argentine Senate Backs Menem on Second Term". The New York Times. p. A5. Archived from the original on October 16, 2021. Retrieved October 16, 2021.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1993.
Sources
- Trumbull, Charles P., ed. (1994). 1994 Book of the year. Encyclopædia Britannica. Chicago. ISBN 0-85229-600-2.)
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link - Berani, Jacques, ed. (1994). Universalia 1994. ISBN 2-85229-321-8.)
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link - Harnois, Christiane (dir.) (1994). Le Livre de l'Année 1994 (in French). Montreal: Grolier. ISBN 0-7172-3019-8.