1995 in the Philippines
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See also: |
1995 in the Philippines details events of note that happened in the Philippines in the year 1995.
Incumbents
- President: Fidel Ramos (Lakas)
- Vice President: Joseph Estrada (NPC)
- Senate President:
- Edgardo Angara (until August 28)
- Neptali Gonzales (starting August 29)
- Jose de Venecia, Jr.
- Chief Justice: Andres Narvasa
- Philippine Congress:
- 9th Congress of the Philippines (until June 9)
- 10th Congress of the Philippines (starting July 24)
Events
January
- January 3 – An overloaded passenger bus crashes into a ravine in Echague, Isabela, killing at least 31 and injuring 36.[1]
- January 6 – The police discovers what will be called Bojinka plot following a minor fire in an apartment building in Malate, Manila. The failed plot by Islamic militants, later reportedly linked to Al-Qaeda, has planned to assassinate Pope John Paul II in the country and to bomb U.S. airplanes later that month.[2][3][4] Abdul Hakim Murad is arrested while Ramzi Yousef escapes. Murad would be extradited later to the United States.[5][6]
- January 10–15 – World Youth Day 1995.
- January 13 – A clash between the Philippine Army and some 120 Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) members in Basilan results in the deaths of 42 extremists and 7 from the government troops; uncovers the terrorist group's existence for the first time since its establishment. Cirilito Sobejana, who led the team, would be awarded the Medal of Valor by the Armed Forces of the Philippines in 1996.[11]
- January 21 – Pasig becomes a highly urbanized city in Metro Manila through ratification of Republic Act 7829 which was approved last December 8, 1994.
February
- Early Kalayaan Island Group), South China Sea off Palawan; such occupation since the previous year causes the Government to take legal diplomatic actions against China and further tensions between two countries, especially in May when two Chinese ships will block that of the Department of National Defense attempting to approach the area.[12][13]
- Republic Act7854 which was approved last January 2.
March
- Calauan, Laguna mayor Antonio Sanchez and six of his men for the deaths of two University of the Philippines Los Baños students in 1993, sentencing them to reclusión perpetua.[7][14][15]
- March 17 – Flor Contemplacion, a household worker convicted of murder by the High Court of Singapore in 1994, is executed by hanging, causing diplomatic tensions between the Philippines and Singapore.[7][14][16]
April
- April 2 - SM Southmall opens as the 5th SM mall in the Philippines and the first SM mall in Las Piñas and southern Metro Manila.
- April 4 – Some 200 heavily armed men, ASG members and Moro National Liberation Front renegades, raid Ipil town, then part of Zamboanga del Sur; set afire and rob the town center; kill 53 people, with 5 reportedly from the government.[7][17][18][19] The bandits later take about 52 civilians hostage as they retreat; by mid-April, they would reportedly kill 20 of them in the municipalities of Siocon, R.T. Lim, and Tungawan; 32 would escape.[20][21][22][14]
- April 7 – Following the Ipil raid, battles between combined government forces and ASG gunmen in Siocon and Roseller T. Lim reportedly kill 12 extremists in both encounters, as well as three militiamen and 5 civilian hostages in Siocon.[20]
- April 30 – President Ramos inaugurates the opening of the 722-million-peso Subic International Airport (formerly a United States military base). This indicates growth after the removal of military bases in the country.
May
- May 8:
- Majority of voters in
- Muntinlupa becomes a highly urbanized city in Metro Manila through ratification of RA 7926 which was approved last March 1.
- May 16 – Overloaded inter-island ferry M/V Viva Antipolo VII catches fire and sinks in Tayabas Bay while approaching the port of Lucena; as of May 20, seventy passengers are killed, 52 others are reported missing.[7][26][27][28]
- Pasig City and Laguna. On Nov. 2, multiple murder charges will be filed by Ombudsman Aniano Desierto before the Sandiganbayan against then P/Chief Supt. Panfilo Lacson and 26 other Philippine National Police officers implicated in the Quezon City incident; however, in 2003, the city court would dismiss the case, to be further affirmed twice by the Supreme Court.[7][14][29]
June
- June 20 – Majority of voters reject in a plebiscite RA 7891, which has signed on Feb. 20, seeking division of the province of Isabela into proposed Isabela del Norte and Isabela del Sur.[31]
- June 27 – Supreme Court orders permanent cease of operations of jai alai frontons in the country.[citation needed] It has decided with finality that the sport is illegal following opposition from the government.[32]
July
- July 28 – The Makati City RTC convicts former P/Col. (P/SSupt.) Reynaldo Berroya and two others for the 1993 abduction of a Taiwanese businessman, and sentences them to life imprisonment. The ruling would be overturned by the Supreme Court in 1997.[7][14][34][35]
August
- August 10 – Department of Justice files charges of rape and murder against eight sons of prominent families, including Hubert Webb, identified by star witness Jessica Alfaro, along with a former policeman, all accused in the deaths of three Vizconde family members in 1991. The case has reopened upon appearance and confession of Alfaro; trial will begin later in the Parañaque RTC.[7][14][37][38]
- August 25 – Movie star Robin Padilla surrenders to police in Camarines Norte after four weeks in hiding as the Court of Appeals has upheld in July the 1994 conviction by a RTC for illegal possession of firearms, ordering him to begin serving the prison sentence. He would be released after being given conditional pardon by then Pres. Ramos; would be given absolute pardon by Pres. Duterte in 2016.[14][39]
- Late August – Seventeen Senators vote to declare the Senate Presidency vacant, removing Sen. Edgardo Angara; Sen. Neptali Gonzales is elected later as replacement.[7][40]
September
- ₱346-million.[41]
- September 16 – An Emirates Islamic court sentences to death Sarah Balabagan, a household worker who has convicted of murder by another court in June 26 for killing her employer in self-defense in 1994, reversing the earlier imposed prison sentence. Following protests, in the third trial in October, an appeal court will reduce the punishment. She would return in the country in 1996.[7][42]
- September 30 – Tropical Storm Sybil (Mameng) causes destruction in 32 provinces within 8 regions, especially in Central Luzon wherein lahar flows and floods occur in some parts of Pampanga; also affects Metro Manila and those in Southern Tagalog, most of the Visayas, and the provinces of Pangasinan, Albay and Bukidnon. It results in ₱3.17-billion worth of damages and 116 deaths.[43][44][45][46]
- September – Nationwide inflation rate increases to 11.8%, the highest in 45 months, which has caused by rice and sugar crises.[7]
October
- Bacolor, Pampanga. As of Oct. 7, 100 are reported dead and 252 missing, although fatalities are claimed to be probably more than a thousand. Thousands of houses in the area and 4 other barangays are buried into deposits about 9 meters deep; lahar flows also bury parts of San Fernando.[47]
- October 13 – The Government signs a peace agreement with rebels of the Reform the Armed Forces Movement (RAM-SFP-YOU) at Camp Aguinaldo, formally ending the latter's seven-year revolt that occurred mostly in the time of the previous administration.[7][14][48]
- October 19 – Opening of Enchanted Kingdom theme park.
- October 24
- The last total solar eclipse of the century is witnessed mostly in Tawi-Tawi, lasts for more than two minutes.[7]
November
- Luis Beltran, charged in connection with the latter's comments about Pres. Cojuangco–Aquino after a 1987 coup attempt.[14][52]
- November 16 – Supreme Court denies with finality the motion for reconsideration filed by Kilosbayan, Inc. questioning an agreement between Philippine Charity Sweepstakes Office and Philippine Gaming Management Corporation on the on-line lottery operations, thus legalizing lotto.[53]
- November 27 – The construction of the $1.15-billion Skyway project was initiated, the biggest infrastructure project in the country that was intended to ease the flow of traffic in Metro Manila.
December
- December 13 – A fire at inter-island passenger ferry M/V Kimelody Cristy near Fortune Island off Batangas leaves 24 people killed, 13 more are missing.[7][27][55]
- December 16–17 – Seven suspected Pakistani terrorists are arrested in Bulacan and Manila; are later charged with plotting to disrupt the 1996 APEC Summit. Two others would surrender later at the Philippine National Police headquarters in Quezon City.[5][7][56][57][58]
- December 29–30 – Fifteen individuals said to be part of Pakistan-based radical group Mahajar Qumi Movement are arrested in separate police raids in their safehouses in Manila. By year-end, 29 suspected foreign terrorists have been arrested in the country.[5][57][58]
Holidays
As per Executive Order No. 292, chapter 7 section 26, the following are regular holidays and special days, approved on July 25, 1987.[59] Note that in the list, holidays in bold are "regular holidays" and those in italics are "nationwide special days".
- January 1 – New Year's Day
- April 9 – Araw ng Kagitingan (Day of Valor)
- April 13 – Maundy Thursday
- April 14 – Good Friday
- May 1 – Labor Day
- June 12 – Independence Day
- National Heroes Day
- All Saints Day
- November 30 – Bonifacio Day
- Christmas Day
- December 30 – Rizal Day
- December 31 – Last Day of the Year
In addition, several other places observe local holidays, such as the foundation of their town. These are also "special days."
Television
Sports
- November 17–21 – 1995 World Taekwondo Championships is held in Manila, Philippines
- 1995 Southeast Asian Games
Concerts
- Folk Arts Theater, Pasay
- Folk Arts Theater, Pasay
- June 2–3 – La Toya Jackson live at the Music Museum, San Juan, Metro Manila [1]
Births
- January 4:
- Ara Galang, volleyball player
- Joshua Colet, actor, model
- January 5:
- Joyce Ching, actress
- Lexi Fernandez, actress
- Chang Hermoso, singer
- January 26 – Coleen Perez, actress
- January 27 – Kat Tolentino, volleyball player
- February 3 – Kim Domingo, actress, TV commercial and model
- February 20 – McCoy de Leon, actor and member of Hashtags
- February 23:
- Dave Bornea, actor
- Beatrice Gomez, beauty queen
- February 28 –
- Lovely Lyn Esguerra, actress
- Gianna Llanes, news anchor
- March 3 – Maine Mendoza, YouTube sensation, actress, comedian, and host
- March 16 – Shy Carlos, actress[60]
- March 19:
- Julia Montes, actress
- Fumiya Sankai, actor and housemate
- March 27 – Koreen Medina, actress and beauty queen
- April 24:
- Amani Aguinaldo, footballer
- Michelle Dee, actress and beauty queen
- April 25 – Arra San Agustin, actress
- April 26 – Daniel Padilla, actor and singer
- May 3 – Shaira Diaz, actress
- Jia Morado, volleyball player
- May 11 – Yassi Pressman, actress and dancer
- May 19 – Abel Estanislao, actor and model
- May 21 – Diego Loyzaga, actor
- May 24 – Gladys Mae Dimaya, basketball player
- May 23 – Eula Caballero, actress
- June 1 – Nina Bernardine dela Cruz, medical student
- June 2 – Anton Asistio, basketball player
- June 4:
- Jerome Ponce, actor
- Kiko Estrada, actor
- June 15 – David Licauco, actor
- June 24 – Mark Stephen Loman, mixed martial artist and former MMA World Champion
- June 28 – Krizza Neri, singer
- July 18 – Phytos Ramirez, actor, TV commercial and model
- July 23 – James Wright, singer and recording artist
- July 26 – Kim Kianna Dy, volleyball player
- July 29:
- Jin Macapagal, actor, model, and dancer
- Kiray Celis, actress
- August 1 – Derrick Monasterio, actor, dancer and singer
- American Idol Season 11
- August 7 – Tony Labrusca, actor
- August 18 – Jon Lucas, actor
- August 21 – Gil Cuerva, actor
- August 23 – Eliza Pineda, actress
- August 29 – Aria Clemente, actress and singer
- August 30 – Addy Raj, actor, singer, and model
- September 3 – Joj and Jai Agpangan, actresses
- September 6 – John Manalo, actor
- September 15 – Rita Daniela, actress and singer
- September 19 – Rheena Villamor, news anchor and radio commentator
- September 23 – Seth Patrick Isay, actor and model
- Gigi De Lana, actress and singer
- September 28 – Danny Kingad, mixed martial artist
- October 27 – Maika Rivera, actress and tennis player
- October 29 – Eumir Marcial, boxer
- November 1 – Andre Paras, actor and basketball player
- November 5 – Ava Mendez, actress
- November 17 – EJ Obiena, pole vaulter
- November 22 – Gab Lagman, actor and model
- November 26 – Michael Pangilinan, singer-songwriter
- November 27 – Yohan Hwang, singer
- December 10 – Majoy Baron, volleyball player
- December 23 – Mond Abrilla, commercial model
- December 26 – Gazini Ganados, beauty queen
Deaths
- February 28 – Tito Espinosa, Masbate Representative[7][14][61][62]
- March 8 – Ike Lozada, comedian, actor, and TV host (b. 1940)
- March 17 – Flor Contemplacion, household worker[7][14][16] (b. 1953)
- April 22 – Honorato Perez, mayor of Cabanatuan[7][14][61][63][64]
- April 28 – Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero, playwright, director, teacher and theater artist (b. 1911)
- May 11 – José T. Joya, Filipino abstract artist (b. 1931)
- June 11 – Rodel Naval, singer, songwriter and actor (b. 1953)
- June 24 – Eduardo Masferré, photographer (b. 1909)
- August 4 – Alejandro Almendras, senator (b. 1919)
- September 5 – Andy Poe, actor (b. 1943)
- September 30 – Nestor Redondo, comic book artist (b. 1928)
- December 9 – Eugene Barutag, Filipino boxer (b. 1976)
- Filipino-Chinese industrialist (b. 1913)[54]
- December 16 – Bert Marcelo, actor and comedian (b. 1936)
- December 18 – Panchito Alba, actor and comedian (b. 1925)
Unknown
- Carlos Magdaluyo, businessman (b. 1921)
References
- UPI. Retrieved 04-19-2021.
- ^ a b "9 Surprising Facts About Papal Visits To The Philippines" FilipiKnow. Retrieved June 26, 2022.
- ^ a b —"Manila Reports Plot by Muslims To Kill the Pope" The New York Times. Jan. 14, 1995.
—"Plot to kill a pope: 'Miracle' saved John Paul II in Manila" Rappler. Jan. 13, 2015.
All were retrieved June 27, 2022. - ^ —"Al-Qaeda planned to assassinate Pope: report" DPA via The Sydney Morning Herald. Nov. 11, 2002.
—"Philippines" CBS News. n.d.
All aforementioned were retrieved June 27, 2022.
—"Broad Terror Campaign Is Foiled By Fire in Kitchen, Officials Say" The New York Times. Feb. 12, 1995.
—"Bust and Boom" The Washington Post. Dec. 30, 2001.
—"Filipino police uncover 1995 leads to Sept. 11 plot" The Christian Science Monitor. Feb. 14, 2002
—"Thanks To Fire, Bojinka Plot Terrorism Plan Revealed, In History January 6, 1995" Archived July 20, 2022, at the Wayback Machine VOI - Waktunya Merevolusi Pemberitaan. Jan. 6, 2022.
Event is also mentioned in the following sources:
—"Terrorist Incidents Against U.S. Citizens" United States Department of State Archives. Nov. 1998.
—"The 9/11 Commission Report: Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States" National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon United States.
All aforementioned were retrieved June 28, 2022.
—"Trial Opens in Alleged Airline Bomb Plot" Los Angeles Times. May 30, 1995. Retrieved June 29, 2022. - ^ a b c "Chronology of arrests" (Dec. 31, 1995) Manila Standard, p. 2. Retrieved Oct. 2, 2021.
- ^ a b "Retracing the steps of a terror suspect" The Washington Post. June 5, 1995. Retrieved Oct. 2, 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Cable, Honor Blanco. (1995, Dec 30) "1995: Year of prayers, tears and hopes." Manila Standard, pp. 12–13. Retrieved on Oct 1, 2021.
- UCA News. July 14, 1993.Totus Tuus–Totus2us. 1995.
—"Up to 4 Million Turn Out for Pope's Mass in Manila" The New York Times. Jan. 16, 1995.
—"JPII's 2nd Apostolic Visit to the Philippines"
All were retrieved June 26, 2022. - Inquirer.net. Apr. 26, 2014.. Mar. 30, 2018.
Information about all of the official visits:
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—"Looking Back at The Three Catholic Popes Who Have Visited The Philippines" Esquire Magazine (Philippines)
All were retrieved June 27, 2022. - Luneta, conclusion of World Youth Day. (01-16-1995, pp. 2–3; see link for the issue of 01-14-1995)
—Jan. 16: His departure. (01-17-1995, pp. 2–3; see link for the issue of 01-14-1995)
All were retrieved 07-16-2022. - Philippine Information Agency. July 30, 2021.
All were retrieved June 28, 2022. - Philstar.com: (1995) "Reefs of mischief"March 5, 2016. Retrieved August 1, 2018.
- Inquirer.net. 02-07-2015.).
—(Video) "Spratly Islands: China/Philippines 'incident'" AP Archive (via YouTube
All were retrieved 01-31-2022. - ^ United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.Retrieved June 30, 2022.
- Philstar.com. Aug. 22, 2019.). Mar. 27, 2021.
—"Philippine ex-mayor serving 360 years in jail for rape and murder may walk free" South China Morning Post. Aug. 21, 2019.
Event is also mentioned:
—"Convict and former Calauan Mayor Antonio Sanchez is dead, says prisons bureau" Coconuts Manila (Link) via Yahoo! News (Link
Unless otherwise stated, all were retrieved June 30, 2022. - ^ a b "Flor Contemplacion" eResources–Singapore Infopedia. Retrieved 03-30-2022.
—"Singapore Refuses to Stay Filipino Woman’s Execution" Associated Press. Mar. 16, 1995.
—"The Crime of Flor Contemplacion" The Baltimore Sun. Mar. 26, 1995.
—"The Killing of Flor Contemplacion" Los Angeles Times. Apr. 13, 1995.
—"A Death in the Family" Asiaweek. Dec. 1995.
—"Flor Contemplacion - a diplomatic incident" Capital Punishment U.K. n.d.
—"Domestic Violence" Archived October 18, 2021, at the Wayback Machine Socialist Review. Sept. 1995.
All aforementioned were retrieved June 26, 2022. - ^ "More Massacres in Mindanao than other parts of the country". The Manila Times (via PressReader). December 13, 2009. Retrieved August 16, 2019.
- Philstar.com. Mar. 6, 2002.
All were retrieved June 26, 2022. - ^ News articles from Manila Standard:
—"Bandits torch Zambo town; 100 killed" (04-05-1995) p. 3.
—"Troops scour bandits lairs" (04-06-1995) pp. 2–3. (See link for the issue of 04-05-1995)
All aforementioned were retrieved 07-16-2022. - ^ a b "Running Battles Reported In Hills, Civilians Flee Fighting" Associated Press. Apr. 7, 1995. Retrieved June 27, 2022.
- ^ "Abu kills cop in new clash. Hostilities spread to other Mindanao Islands" Today (via World History Archives, Hartford Web Publishing). Apr. 16, 1995. Retrieved June 27, 2022
- UCA News. Apr. 23, 1995. Retrieved June 26, 2022.Steven WarRan Research.
—Saavedra, Rudy. (Apr. 18, 1995) "Abu Sayyaf men execute 14 hostages" Manila Standard, p. 3.
—For related stories: "Ipil, April 4, 1995"
All aforementioned were retrieved June 27, 2022. - Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. Retrieved July 29, 2022.
- Inquirer.net.) Retrieved January 15, 2019.
—(From 06-18-2017 to 06-24-2017) Retrieved January 31, 2018.
—(From 02-11-2018 to 02-18-2018 - ^ —"Republic Act No. 7878" Official Gazette (Philippines). Feb. 14, 1995.
—"Memorandum Order No. 290, s. 1995" Official Gazette (Philippines). July 5, 1995.
—"1995 Provincial Profile - Kalinga Apayao" (Link for PDF file) Philippine Statistics Authority. 1995.
All were retrieved July 22, 2022. - ^ News articles from Manila Standard:
—"Ferry sinks: 42 dead, 23 missing" (May 17, 1995) p. 3.
—"Death toll now 70, 52 still missing" (May 21, 1995) p. 2.
All were retrieved Oct. 2, 2021. - ^ a b "Over 100 Survive Philippine Ferry Sinking" (with list of major shipping accidents compiled by The Philippine Star) The Maritime Executive. July 2, 2015. Retrieved Apr. 20, 2021.
- ^ —"36 die after ferry catches fire in Philippine waters" News & Record. May 15, 1995.
—"Philippines probes ferry sinking" UPI. May 17, 1995.
—"At Least 45 Killed in Philippine Ferry Fire" AP via Los Angeles Times. May 18, 1995.
—"MV Viva Antipolo VII (+1995)" Wrecksite.
All were retrieved Oct. 5, 2021. - Inquirer.net. Mar. 4, 2013.Grey Dynamics. Oct. 13, 2021.
—"It's final: SC clears Lacson in 'Kuratong Baleleng' case" The Philippine Star. Mar. 5, 2013.
May 1995 incident is also mentioned:
—"Kuratong Baleleng: The Crime Syndicate that Ruled the Philippines"
All were retrieved Jun. 30, 2022. - ^ —"Republic Act No. 8043" Philippine Commission on Women. June 7, 1995.
About the said law:
—"Guidelines on inter-country adoption" Archived August 18, 2022, at the Wayback Machine Consulate General of the Philippines, Chicago. July 9, 2014.
—"Philippines: A Primer on the Philippine Law on Inter-Country Adoption" Mondaq. Aug. 1, 2011.
—"Inter-Country Adoption In The Philippines" Helpline Law.
All were retrieved July 4, 2022. - ^ On approval of the law:
—"Republic Act No. 7891" Feb. 20, 1995.
On scheduled plebiscite:
—"Proclamation No. 602, s. 1995" June 19, 1995.
All aforementioned are from Official Gazette (Philippines) and were retrieved July 27, 2022.
Outcome of the plebiscite is mentioned:
—"Philippine Provinces: Division as Accommodation" (PDF) Human Development Network. April 4, 2013. Retrieved July 29, 2022.
—Gerhard van den Top. The Social Dynamics of Deforestation in the Philippines Copenhagen: NIAS Press. 2003. Retrieved July 29, 2022.
—"The Isabelinos’ Struggle Against Warlordism and Political Dynasty" Bulatlat. June 2004. Retrieved July 30, 2022. - Inquirer.net. July 11, 2011.
All were retrieved June 30, 2022. - ^ Country Profiles: Status Table and State responses to Country Profiles (Link for PDF file) Hague Conference on Private International Law. Retrieved July 5, 2022.
- ^ "Police colonel gets life over kidnap case" (July 29, 1995) Manila Standard, p. 3. Retrieved Oct. 2, 2021.
- Philstar.com. Apr. 24, 2001.
All were retrieved Oct. 2, 2021. - Inquirer.net. Oct. 13, 2021.
All aforementioned were retrieved July 4, 2022. - ^ News articles from Manila Standard:
—"Breakthrough in Vizconde massacre bared; new witness names six suspects" (June 18, 1995) p. 6. Retrieved July 7, 2022.
—"NBI clamps news blackout on new Vizconde inquiry" (June 22, 1995) p. 3. Retrieved July 4, 2022.
—"Charges filed vs. Webb, 7 others" (Aug. 11, 1995) p. 3. Retrieved July 7, 2022. - Inquirer.net. June 28, 2011. Retrieved Jul. 7, 2022.. Feb. 16, 2016.
—(Editorial) "The Vizconde massacre: Justice not served" BusinessMirror
Unless otherwise stated, all were retrieved Oct. 8, 2021. - ^ For the events before and on the surrender of R. Padilla:
—"Filipino actor's still on lam after weapons conviction" Associated Press via Deseret News. Aug. 11, 1995.
—"Ramos orders cult crackdown" (Limited access) South China Morning Post. Aug. 29, 1995.
—"August 25, 1990: Filipino fugitive actor surrenders" Gulf News. Aug. 24, 2015. (Note that this article mistakenly reported that this event occurred on "August 25, 1990".)
For the details of the case:
—"G.R. No. 121917" The LawPhil Project. Mar. 12, 1997.
Later events:
—"Duterte grants absolute pardon to actor Robin Padilla" Archived August 3, 2022, at the Wayback Machine CNN Philippines. Nov. 15, 2016.
All were retrieved June 30, 2022. - ^ Articles from Asiaweek:
—"Ouster" Week of Sept. 8, 1995.
—"Can Ed Win the Big One?" May 1997.
All were retrieved Oct. 4, 2021. - Inquirer.net. Oct. 14, 2018.
All were retrieved June 27, 2022. - Inquirer.net. Sept. 11, 2020. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
Unless otherwise stated, all were retrieved Oct. 4, 2021. - ^ a b c "Final Report (Appeal 13/95): Philippines: Typhoons, floods and lahar flow" (PDF) International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
- ^ a b "Worst typhoons of the Visayan Islands, Philippines (1947 - 2002)" Typhoon2000. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
- ^ a b Supporting reference: "Summary Report: Disaster Occurrences in the Province of Albay (as of CY 2016)" Archived July 24, 2022, at the Wayback Machine Philippine Statistics Authority–Bicol Region. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
- ^ "Philippines: Tropical Storm Sybil - Oct 1995" ReliefWeb.
—"Information Report No. 1" Retrieved July 1, 2022.
—"Information Report No. 2" Retrieved June 30, 2022. - Inquirer.net. Nov. 3, 2016.(PDF)
—"Philippines: faith and community grow out of disaster" Independent Catholic News.
—John Grattan & Robin Torrence. Natural Disasters and Cultural Change London: Routledge. 2002.
—"Environmental Consequences of Lahars, Subsidence, and Human Behavior in Bacolor, Pampanga" Archived April 5, 2023, at the Wayback Machine
All aforementioned were retrieved July 1, 2022. - ^ —"Philippines signs peace agreement with Army rebels" Orlando Sentinel. Oct. 14, 1995.
—"Philippines Settles With Army Rebels Who Attempted Coups" Reuters via Los Angeles Times. Oct. 14, 1995.
—"Dark Legacy: Human rights under the Marcos regime by Alfred McCoy" World History Archives, Hartford Web Publishing. Sept. 20, 1999.
—"Executive Order No. 299" Official Gazette (Philippines). May 16, 1996.
—"Proclamation No. 723, s. 1996" Official Gazette (Philippines). May 17, 1996.
All were retrieved Oct. 4, 2021. - ^ Washington Post. Nov. 4, 1995. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
- ^ —"Storm leaves 62 dead in Philippines" United Press International. Oct. 29, 1995.
—"Philippines - Tropical Storm Zack Information Report No. 1" ReliefWeb. Oct. 31, 1995.
All were retrieved June 30, 2022. - ^ —"Philippines -Typhoon Angela Information Report No. 4" ReliefWeb. Nov. 14, 1995.
—"Digital Typhoon: Typhoon 199520 (Angela) - General Information (Pressure and Track Charts)"
All were retrieved June 30, 2022.
—"Super Typhoon Angela (29W)" (PDF) Archived June 7, 2011.
—"The eleven worst typhoons of the Philippines (1947-2006)" Typhoon2000. Archived Oct. 16, 2008.
—"The deadliest typhoons of the Philippines (1947 – 2014)" (PDF) Weather Philippines.
All were retrieved July 1, 2022. - ^ For this event:
—"Former President Aquino Loses Libel Suit Against Two Journalists" Associated Press. Nov. 14, 1995.
—"Manila court rejects Aquino libel suit" United Press International. Nov. 14, 1995.
—"Aquino libel case rejected by court" (Limited access) South China Morning Post. Nov. 16, 1995.
For the details of the case:
—"Today in Philippine history, October 12, 1987" The Kahimyang Project.
—"FALSE: Cory Aquino's libel suit vs Beltran was not deemed press freedom issue" Rappler. June 20, 2020.
All were retrieved July 4, 2022. - ^ G.R. No. 118910. The LawPhil Project.
—(July 17, 1995 decision)
—(Nov. 16, 1995 decision)
All were retrieved June 30, 2022. - ^ Philstar.com. Feb. 19, 2004.
All were retrieved June 30, 2022. - ^ —"Philippine ship catches fire, 14 dead" UPI. Dec. 13, 1995.
—"Blaze Rips Through Ferry At Sea, 14 People Killed" AP News. Dec. 13, 1995.
—"Blaze aboard ferry kills 9 at least 16 are missing" Orlando Sentinel. Dec. 13, 1995.
—"Philippines: Ferry fire disaster" AP Archives. Dec. 13, 1995.
All were retrieved Oct. 5, 2021. - ^ "5 terror suspects nabbed in Bulacan" (Dec. 17, 1995) Manila Standard, p. 2. Retrieved Oct. 2, 2021.
- ^ a b "15 more terror suspects fall" (Dec. 31, 1995) Manila Standard, pp. 1–2. Retrieved Oct. 2, 2021.
- ^ a b "Nine Suspected of Terrorism Are Arrested in Manila" The New York Times. Dec. 31, 1995. Retrieved Oct. 2, 2021.
- ^ "Executive Order No. 292 [BOOK I/Chapter 7-Regular Holidays and Nationwide Special Days]". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. July 25, 1987. Archived from the original on September 3, 2017. Retrieved February 22, 2022.
- VIVA Entertainment; Schirin Grace Sigrist; retrieved September 16, 2012.
- ^ a b "Philippines - Security tightens for elections" AP Archive. May 6, 1995. Retrieved June 30, 2022.
- ^ —"Congressman, Two Mayors Charged With Murdering Another Congressman" AP News. Mar. 17, 1995.
—"Kho cleared of Espinosa murder Manila Standard via Abante Cataingan website. June 15, 2006.
Event is also mentioned:
—"Living dangerously as a lawmaker in RP" Philippines Today. Nov. 16, 2007.
All were retrieved June 30, 2022. - Philstar.com. May 6, 2001.).
Event is also mentioned:
—"Timeline of Nueva Ecija's Election-Related Violence" Vera Files (via Scribd
All were retrieved June 30, 2022. - ^ "Ecija gubernatorial candidate killed" (Apr. 23, 1995) Manila Standard, p. 3. Retrieved Oct. 2, 2021.