1998 China floods
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The 1998 China floods (1998年中国洪水) lasted from middle of June to the beginning of September 1998 in
Overview
In the summer of 1998,
Tolls
The event was considered the worst southern China flood in 40 years.[4] The floods resulted in 3,704 dead, 15 million homeless and $24 billion in economic loss.[5] Other sources report a total loss of 4150 people, and 180 million people were affected.[4] Around 100,000 square kilometres (25,000,000 acres) were evacuated, and 13.3 million houses were damaged or destroyed.
Yangtze River flood
The main cause of the flood was due to above average rainfall in the region for several months before and during the summer of 1998.[6] Most areas saw double the normal amount of rainfall during the rainy season, with certain regions seeing rainfall levels as much as nearly three times the historical average.[6][7] Combined with above average rainfall since the previous winter, this pushed water levels to above cautionary levels. The floods can be split into three general stages, beginning when one of the strongest subtropical highs in history arrived in the Yangtze River Basin during mid-June and lingered, providing sustained heavy rainfall for a period of roughly two weeks.[6][7] As much as 1000 mm of precipitation was seen in some locations.[7] After briefly shifting north, the same system eventually returned to the region in mid-July. [7] Although the system had weakened, rainfall during this period was more intense and localized. [7] During this second period of rain, many surrounding lakes and rivers broke record high water levels and overflowed into the Yangtze River, causing a sudden sharp rise in water levels. [7] Another 300-500 mm of rain was seen across several areas during this second phase, causing significant damage as it flowed into villages and towns.[7] The final period of rainfall occurred in August, with an average of 150-200 mm of rainfall seen in most regions. [7] Although the water had begun to subside at this point, this extra rainfall caused further damage to homes and farmland in the surrounding areas. [6][7] It was also during this period that the dikes began to break, causing further death and widespread damage to property.[7]
Impact on environmental policy
The 1998 flood marks a turning point in
See also
- 1931 China floods
- List of natural disasters by death toll
- Natural disasters in China
- Songhua River
- Tofu-dreg project
- Yangtze
- Gao Jiancheng
References
- ^ Chinanews.com.cn. "Chinanews.com.cn." 98年特大洪水. Retrieved on 2009-08-01.
- ^ AMUR-HEILONG RIVER BASIN
- ^ Glantz, Michael H. (2005). "The 1998 Yangtze Floods: The Use of Short-Term Forecasts In The Context of Seasonal to Interannual Water Resource Management". Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change: 159–165. Retrieved 19 January 2015.
- ^ ISBN 0-8065-2558-4. p 37.
- ^ "Pbs.org." Great wall across the Yangtze. Retrieved on 2009-08-01.
- ^ doi:10.14288/1.0075554. Retrieved 13 December 2015.)
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help - ^ S2CID 154432097. Retrieved 13 December 2015.
- ^ JSTOR j.ctv19rs1b2.
External links
- 1998 Changjiang Flooding Mini-report (Archived 2009-10-22)
- China: Yangtze River Flood (July-August 1998) ESA Earthnet Online Earth Observation