1 Samuel 2

1 Samuel 2 is the second chapter of the

The original text of this chapter, as with the rest of the Books of Samuel, was written in Hebrew. Since the division of the Bible into chapters in the late medieval period, this chapter is divided into 36 verses.

Textual witnesses

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), Aleppo Codex (10th century), and Codex Leningradensis (1008).^[3] Fragments containing parts of this chapter in Hebrew were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls including 4Q51 (4QSam^a; 100–50 BCE) with extant verses 1–10, 16–36.^[4][5][6][7]

There is also a difference into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; ${\displaystyle {\mathfrak {G}}}$^B; 4th century) and Codex Alexandrinus (A; ${\displaystyle {\mathfrak {G}}}$^A; 5th century).^[8][a]

Shiloh

Ramah

Dead Sea

Mediterranean Sea

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Places mentioned in this chapter

Period

• The event in this chapter happened at the end of
  1100 BC
  .

Structure

The New Revised Standard Version organises this chapter as follows:

• 1 Samuel 2:1–11 = Hannah's Prayer
• 1 Samuel 2:12–17 = Eli’s Wicked Sons
• 1 Samuel 2:18–21 = The Child Samuel at Shiloh
• 1 Samuel 2:22–36 = Prophecy Against Eli’s Household

Prophecy against Eli's household

Verses 22 to 25 introduce a topic dealing with the condemnation of the house of Eli on account of his sons' transgressions. The Masoretic Text of the Hebrew Bible, Targum, and Vulgate translation refer to Hophni and Phinehas' sins including both the misappropriation of food brought to sacrifice at the shrine in Shiloh and also their sexual relations with "the women who assembled at the door of the tabernacle of meeting".^[10] The Septuagint and the Dead Sea Scrolls omit the latter issue.^[11][12]

Eli hears of his sons' behaviour and challenges them to reform, but they take no account of his pleading. Then a "man of God" comes to Eli, a prophet of whom, says Donald Spence Jones, "we know nothing".^[13]

See also

• Hophni and Phinehas

Notes

References

Bibliography

Commentaries on Samuel

• Shmuel I – Samuel I (Judaica Press) translation [with Rashi's commentary] at Chabad.org
• Auld, Graeme (2003). "1 & 2 Samuel". In James D. G. Dunn and John William Rogerson (ed.). Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible. Eerdmans.
  ISBN 9780802837110
  .
• Bergen, David T. (1996). 1, 2 Samuel. B&H Publishing Group.
  ISBN 9780805401073
  .
• Gordon, Robert (1986). I & II Samuel, A Commentary. Paternoster Press.
  ISBN 9780310230229
  .
• Hertzberg, Hans Wilhelm (1964). I & II Samuel, A Commentary (trans. from German 2nd edition 1960 ed.). Westminster John Knox Press. p. 19.
  ISBN 978-0664223182
  .
• Tsumura, David Toshio (2007). The First Book of Samuel. Eerdmans.
  ISBN 9780802823595
  .

General

• Breytenbach, Andries (2000). "Who Is Behind The Samuel Narrative?". In Johannes Cornelis de Moor and H.F. Van Rooy (ed.). Past, Present, Future: the Deuteronomistic History and the Prophets. Brill.
  ISBN 9789004118713
  .
• ISBN 0-310-25720-4
  .
• Jones, Gwilym H (2001). "1 and 2 Samuel". In John Barton and John Muddiman (ed.). The Oxford Bible Commentary. Oxford University Press.
  ISBN 9780198755005
  .
• Klein, R.W. (2003). "Samuel, books of". In Bromiley, Geoffrey W (ed.). The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia. Eerdmans.
  ISBN 9780802837844
  .
• ISBN 0-8028-0788-7
  . Retrieved January 26, 2019.

External links

Wikisource has original text related to this article:

1 Samuel (Bible)

Masoretic Text

• שמואל א Shmuel Aleph – Samuel A (Hebrew – English at Mechon-Mamre.org)

Jewish translations

• 1 Samuel at Mechon-Mamre (Jewish Publication Society translation)

Christian translations

• Bible: 1 Samuel public domain audiobook at LibriVox
• Samuel 1 at Bible Gateway

Related articles

• Introduction to the book of 1 Samuel from the NIV Study Bible