1st Infantry Division (South Korea)

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
1st Infantry Division
제1보병사단
1st Infantry Division insignia
ActiveDecember 1, 1947 – current
Country South Korea
Branch Republic of Korea Army
TypeInfantry
RoleGuard unit
SizeDivision
Part ofI Corps
Garrison/HQPaju, Gyeonggi Province
Nickname(s)"Forward"
Motto(s)"Allegiance, Honor, Solidarity"
Engagements
Commanders
Current
commander
Maj. Gen. Seo Jin-ha
Notable
commanders
Paik Sun-yup
Chun Doo-hwan

The 1st Infantry Division (Korean: 제1보병사단, Hanja: 第一步兵師團) is a military formation of the Republic of Korea Army's I Corps. The division was established on 1947 under the command of Colonel Kim Suk-won.[1]

Structure

Current structure:[2][3]

  • Headquarters:
    • Headquarters Company
    • Intelligence Company
    • Anti-tank Company
    • DMZ Patrol Company
    • Air Defense Company
    • Reconnaissance Battalion
    • Engineer Battalion
    • Armored Battalion (equipped with K1 tanks)
    • Signal Battalion
    • Support Battalion
    • Military Police Battalion
    • Medical Battalion
    • Chemical Battalion
  • 11th Infantry Brigade (equipped with K808 APCs)
  • 12th Infantry Brigade – The brigade was originally activated as the 12th Regiment on May 1, 1948, at
    Battle of Pusan Perimeter.[4]
  • 15th Infantry Brigade (equipped with K808 APCs)
  • Artillery Brigade (equipped with K9 SPHs)[5]

History

Korean War

The division was the first unit of the ROK Army to be attacked by the North Koreans on June 25, 1950. At 4 a.m. the North Koreans began an artillery barrage on the division's positions along the 38th Parallel. The artillery bombardment was quickly followed by ground attacks by the NKPA's

Battle of Pusan Perimeter.[6]

On October 19, 1950, Company F of the U.S. 5th Cavalry entered Pyongyang, followed shortly thereafter by 1st Division elements from the northeast. The next morning, the division reached the heart of the city and took the strongly fortified administrative center without difficulty. The entire city was secured by 10:00 that day.[7]

Battle of Unsan

"In the western half of North Korea, as part of the

Yongbyon and continued toward Unsan without opposition. In the lead were elements of Company D, 6th Medium Tank Battalion, which also passed through Unsan without incident. Just before 1100, as the tanks approached a bridge one and a half miles northeast of the town, enemy mortar fire destroyed the bridge. Engaging the enemy force, the soldiers reported a half-hour later that at least three hundred Chinese troops were in the hills just north of Unsan. The 12th Regiment, the second division unit in the column, turned west when it arrived at Unsan, and also ran into Chinese forces just beyond the town. The CCF's attacks against the 1st Division continued on the twenty-sixth but eased up the following day."[8]

During the afternoon of November 1, the CCF's attack north of Unsan gained strength against the 15th Regiment and gradually extended to the right flank of the U.S. 1st Battalion,

8th Cavalry. At nightfall the 1st Battalion controlled the northern approaches to the Samtan River, except for portions of the 15th Regiment's zone on the east side. The battalion's position on the left was weak; there were not enough soldiers to extend the defensive line to the main ridge leading into Unsan. This left a gap between the 1st and 2d Battalions. East of the Samtan the 15th Regiment was under heavy attack, and shortly after midnight it no longer existed as a combat force.[9]

In popular culture

Lee Jin-tae and Lee Jin-seok, main characters in the 2004 Korean film Taegukgi, were assigned to the fictional 2d Company, 4th Battalion, 8th Regiment, 1st Infantry Division.

References

  1. ^ John Pike. "ROK Army History – South Korea". Globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 2010-06-01.
  2. ^ Pike, John. "1st Infantry Division". www.globalsecurity.org.
  3. ^ "차륜형 장갑차·K1전차…육군 1사단, 파주 일대에서 전술훈련". Yonhap News Agency. 24 March 2022.
  4. ^ Webb, William J. The Korean War: The Outbreak. United States Army Center of Military History. CMH Pub 19-6. Archived from the original on 12 June 2010. Retrieved 19 July 2010.
  5. ^ "육군 1군단 임인년 새해 첫 포탄 사격 훈련". Yonhap News Agency.
  6. ^ Webb, William J. The Korean War: The Outbreak. United States Army Center of Military History. CMH Pub 19-6. Archived from the original on 12 June 2010. Retrieved 19 July 2010.
  7. ^ Gammons, Stephen L.Y. The Korean War: The UN Offensive. United States Army Center of Military History. CMH Pub 19-7. Archived from the original on 12 June 2010. Retrieved 19 July 2010.
  8. ^ Gammons, Stephen L.Y. The Korean War: The UN Offensive. United States Army Center of Military History. p. 26. CMH Pub 19-7. Archived from the original on 12 June 2010. Retrieved 19 July 2010.
  9. ^ Gammons, Stephen L.Y. The Korean War: The UN Offensive. United States Army Center of Military History. p. 27. CMH Pub 19-7. Archived from the original on 12 June 2010. Retrieved 19 July 2010.