1st Mechanized Corps (Soviet Union)

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Not to be confused with 1st Guards Mechanized Corps (Soviet Union).

1st Mechanized Corps (1940–1946)
1st Mechanized Division (1946–1957)
19th Motor Rifle Division (1957–1965)
35th Motor Rifle Division (1965–1992)
Active1940 – Aug 1941, 1942–1946
Country 
Mechanized Corps (Soviet)
Motor-Rifle
SizeCorps
Division
EngagementsWorld War II
Commanders
Notable
commanders		Major General M. L. Cherniavsky

The 1st Mechanized Corps was a mechanized corps of the Red Army during World War II that formed twice.

In 1946, the Corps became the 1st Mechanized Division.

World War II

First formation

The Leningrad Military District was directed to form the 1st Mechanized Corps from the 20th Heavy Tank Brigade, the 1st and 13th Light Tank Brigades, the

25th Cavalry Division, and the 163rd Rifle Division.[1] The formation of the corps was to be completed by 30 June 1940, but the reorganization was interrupted by the Soviet invasion of Estonia. For the latter, the 13th Light Tank Brigade moved to Pskov by 13 June, assigned to the 8th Army.[2]

The corps was initially formed in March 1940 attached to the

3rd Tank Divisions, and the 168th Rifle Division [ru].[5]

The 3rd Tank Division of the corps was formed from the 13th Light Tank Brigade; the new division inherited the brigade's Order of the Red Banner. The brigade's 6th and 9th Tank Battalions were used to form the 5th Tank Regiment and the 13th and 15th Tank Battalions the 6th Tank Regiment. The period for the formation of the corps was lengthened on 23 June with the extension of the deadline for the completion of the process to 31 July. Despite these delays, the formation of the first new mechanized corps was completed by October and the 1st became one of the most well-manned and -equipped due to the number of units used to form it.[1]

On 22 June 1941, 1st Mechanized Corps consisted of 31,439 men, 1,037 tanks, 239 armored cars, 148 artillery pieces, 146 mortars, 4,730 vehicles, 246 tractors, and 467 motorcycles; including lighter

T-26, BT-7, and T-28 model tanks.[6]

After the invasion began, the

KV-1s. When sent into action, only 20 were delivered after combat began. The 1st Mechanized Corps was disbanded in August 1941, although the 1st Tank Division remained in 14th Army.[7]

Second formation

The Corps was formed a second time on the basis of the 27th Tank Corps on 8 September 1942 in Kalinin. It fought actively during the Second World War from 26 September—10 March 1943, from 9 July 1943—13 January 1944, from 7 June 1944—5 September 1944, and from 30 October 1944—9 May 1945.[8] After the end of World War II, the Corps became part of the Group of Soviet Occupation Forces in Germany.[9]

Cold War

In 1946, the Corps became the 1st Mechanized Division. The division became the 19th Motor Rifle Division on 29 April 1957. It was located in the 1936 Olympic Village (

Volga–Urals Military District. The division was disbanded in April 1992.[11][12]

Citations

  1. ^ a b Drig 2005, pp. 80–82.
  2. ^ Meltyukhov 2014, pp. 342, 350.
  3. ^ Glantz 1998, p. 120.
  4. ^ Glantz 2002, p. 34.
  5. ^ Glantz 1998, p. 229.
  6. ^ Glantz 1998, p. 127.
  7. ^ Glantz 1998, p. 126.
  8. ^ "1-й механизированный корпус". tankfront.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 26 July 2023. The 1st mechanized corps began to form on the basis of NKO Directive No. 1104308ss of 09/08/1942 in the Moscow ABT Center (Kosterevo) on the basis of the 27th Tank Corps. On September 21, 1942, the formed corps was relocated to the Kalinin Front. As part of the active army: from 09/26/1942 to 03/10/1943; from 07/09/1943 to 01/13/1944; from 06/07/1944 to 09/05/1944; from 10/30/1944 to 05/09/1945
  9. ^ a b Kalashnikov et al. 2019, p. 155–156.
  10. ISBN 0-85045-904-4
    .
  11. ^ Holm, Michael. "35th Motorised Rifle Division". Soviet Armed Forces 1945-1991. Retrieved 7 February 2016.
  12. ^ Feskov et al. 2004.

Bibliography

Further reading


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