2,5-Dimethoxy-4-chloroamphetamine

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2,5-Dimethoxy-4-chloroamphetamine
Ball-and-stick model of the 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-chloroamphetamine molecule
Clinical data
Other names2,5-Dimethoxy-4-chloroamphetamine
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
  • 1-(4-Chloro-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propan-2-amine
JSmol)
  • ClC1=C(OC)C=C(CC(C)N)C(OC)=C1
  • InChI=1S/C11H16ClNO2/c1-7(13)4-8-5-11(15-3)9(12)6-10(8)14-2/h5-7H,4,13H2,1-3H3 checkY
  • Key:ACRITBNCBMTINK-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
 ☒NcheckY (what is this?)  (verify)
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-chloroamphetamine.

2,5-Dimethoxy-4-chloroamphetamine (DOC) is a

chemical classes. It was presumably first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin, and was described in his book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines i Have Known And Loved).[2]

Chemistry

DOC is a

stereoisomer
.

Pharmacology

DOC acts as a selective 5-HT2A, and 5-HT2C receptor partial agonist. Its psychedelic effects are mediated via its actions on the 5-HT2A receptor.[citation needed]

Dosage

A normal average dose of DOC ranges from 0.5–7.0

mg[3] the former producing threshold effects, and the latter producing extremely strong effects. Onset of the drug is 1–3 hours, peak and plateau at 4–8 hours, and a gradual come down with residual stimulation at 9-20h. After effects can last well into the next day.[3][4]

Effects

Unlike simple amphetamines, DOC is considered a chemical that influences cognitive and perception processes of the brain. The strongest supposed effects include open and

archetypal psychedelic" (#64); its presumed full-range visual, audio, physical, and mental effects show exhilarating clarity, and some overwhelming, humbling, and "composting"/interweaving effects.[4]

Dangers

Very little data exists about the toxicity of DOC. In April 2013, a case of death due to DOC was reported. The source does not specify whether the drug alone caused the death.[5] In 2014, a death was reported in which DOC was directly implicated as the sole causative agent in the death of a user. The autopsy indicated pulmonary edema and a subgaleal hemorrhage.[6]

Detection in biological specimens

DOC may be quantitated in blood, plasma or urine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry or liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to confirm a diagnosis of poisoning in hospitalized patients or to provide evidence in a medicolegal death investigation. Blood or plasma DOC concentrations are expected to be in a range of 1–10 μg/L in persons using the drug recreationally, >20 μg/L in intoxicated patients and >100 μg/L in victims of acute overdosage.[7]

Popularity

Although rare on the

para-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (Ehrlich's reagent) was negative. Analysis of a methanol extract by GC/MS indicated not LSD but rather DOC (not quantitated but a high loading based on the TIC)".[8] DOC is sometimes misrepresented as LSD by unscrupulous dealers. This is particularly dangerous, as DOC is not known to have the safety profile of LSD. It can be particularly unsafe, in comparison to LSD, for those suffering from hypertension, as amphetamine compounds are known to cause sharp increases in systolic blood pressure
.

Drug prohibition laws

Canada

Listed as a Schedule 1[9] as it is an analogue of amphetamine.[10] The CDSA was updated as a result of the Safe Streets Act changing amphetamines from Schedule 3 to Schedule 1.[11]

Australia

Unscheduled but can be controlled as schedule II as an analogue of DOB.[12]

China

As of October 2015 DOC is a controlled substance in China.[13]

New Zealand

Scheduled.[12]

Denmark

Denmark added DOC to the list of Schedule I controlled substances as of 8.4.2007.[12]

Germany

Scheduled in Anlage I since 22.1.2010.[12]

Sweden

Sveriges riksdag added DOC to schedule I ("substances, plant materials and fungi which normally do not have medical use") as narcotics in Sweden as of Aug 30, 2007, published by Medical Products Agency in their regulation LVFS 2007:10 listed as DOC, 4-klor-2,5-dimetoxi-amfetamin.[14] DOC was first classified by Sveriges riksdags health ministry Statens folkhälsoinstitut as "health hazard" under the act Lagen om förbud mot vissa hälsofarliga varor (translated Act on the Prohibition of Certain Goods Dangerous to Health) as of Jul 1, 2004, in their regulation SFS 2004:486 listed as 4-klor-2,5-dimetoxiamfetamin (DOC).[15]

United Kingdom

Class A.[12]

United States

DOC is not scheduled or controlled at the federal level in the

2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine as schedule I controlled substances.[18]

In the United States, the analogues

controlled substances
.

US State of Florida

DOC is a Schedule I controlled substance in the state of Florida making it illegal to buy, sell, or possess.[19]

United Nations

In December 2019, the

research chemicals.[20]

See also

References

  1. ^ Anvisa (2023-07-24). "RDC Nº 804 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 804 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Diário Oficial da União (published 2023-07-25). Archived from the original on 2023-08-27. Retrieved 2023-08-27.
  2. ISBN 0-9630096-0-5. Archived
    from the original on 3 January 2010. Retrieved 30 November 2009.
  3. ^ a b "Erowid DOC Vault: Dosage". Archived from the original on 2 May 2008. Retrieved 22 April 2008.
  4. ^ a b "Erowid Online Books: "PiHKAL" - #64 DOC". Archived from the original on 3 August 2018. Retrieved 17 November 2005.
  5. ^ Bucks J (25 April 2013). ""Moment of madness": rare drug implicated in student death". The Saint. Archived from the original on 28 April 2013. Retrieved 25 April 2013.
  6. PMID 25217551
    .
  7. ISBN 978-0-9626523-9-4
    .
  8. ^ "mg1207" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-10-17. Retrieved 2013-08-13.
  9. ^ "Schedule I". Controlled Drugs and Substances Act. Canadian Legal Information Institute. 2022-03-31. Archived from the original on 2022-03-31. Retrieved 2022-03-31.
  10. ^ "Controlled Drugs and Substances Act". Definitions and interpretations. Canadian Legal Information Institute. Archived from the original on 2013-11-10. Retrieved 2022-03-31.
  11. ^ "Backgrounder: The Safe Streets and Communities Act Four Components Coming Into Force". Canadian Department of Justice. Archived from the original on 2012-10-18.
  12. ^ "关于印发《非药用类麻醉药品和精神药品列管办法》的通知" (in Chinese). China Food and Drug Administration. 27 September 2015. Archived from the original on 1 October 2015. Retrieved 1 October 2015.
  13. ^ "Läkemedelsverkets föreskrifter - LVFS och HSLF-FS | Läkemedelsverket" (PDF).
  14. ^ "Förordning om ändring i förordningen (1999:58) om förbud mot vissa hälsofarliga varor" (PDF) (in Swedish). 27 May 2004. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 September 2018.
  15. ^ "PART 1308 - Section 1308.11 Schedule I". www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov. Archived from the original on 27 August 2009. Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  16. ^ "DEA Resources, Microgram, October 2007" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-10-17. Retrieved 2012-10-03.
  17. ^ "Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI) and 2,5-dimethoxy-4-chloroamphetamine (DOC) in Schedule I". www.regulations.gov.
  18. ^ "The 2017 Florida Statutes - Title XLVI - CRIMES - Chapter 893 - DRUG ABUSE PREVENTION AND CONTROL". leg.state.fl.us. Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  19. ^ "December 2019 – WHO: World Health Organization recommends 12 NPS for scheduling".

External links

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