2-Methylhexane

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2-Methylhexane
Skeletal formula of 2-methylhexane
Skeletal formula of 2-methylhexane with all implicit carbons shown, and all explicit hydrogens added
Ball and stick model of 2-methylhexane
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
2-Methylhexane[1]
Identifiers
3D model (
JSmol
)
1696856
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard
 100.008.847 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 209-730-6
RTECS number
  • MO3871500
UNII
UN number 3295
  • InChI=1S/C7H16/c1-4-5-6-7(2)3/h7H,4-6H2,1-3H3 checkY
    Key: GXDHCNNESPLIKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • CCCCC(C)C
Properties
C7H16
Molar mass 100.205 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor Odorless
Density 0.679 g cm−3
Melting point −119.0 to −117.8 °C; −182.3 to −180.1 °F; 154.1 to 155.3 K
Boiling point 89.6 to 90.6 °C; 193.2 to 195.0 °F; 362.7 to 363.7 K
Vapor pressure 15.7 kPa (at 37.7 °C)
19 nmol Pa−1 kg−1
-86.24·10−6 cm3/mol
1.384
Thermochemistry
222.92 J K−1 mol−1
323.34 J K−1 mol−1
Std enthalpy of
formation
(ΔfH⦵298)
 −231.1–−228.5 kJ mol−1
Std enthalpy of
combustion
(ΔcH⦵298)
 −4.8127–−4.8103 MJ mol−1
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS02: Flammable GHS07: Exclamation mark GHS08: Health hazard GHS09: Environmental hazard
Danger
H225, H304, H315, H336, H410
P210, P261, P273, P301+P310, P331
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformFlammability 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g. gasolineInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
2
3
0
Flash point −1 °C (30 °F; 272 K)
280 °C (536 °F; 553 K)
Explosive limits
 1–7%
Related compounds
Related alkanes
Related compounds
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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2-Methylhexane (

impurity but is usually not considered as impurity in terms of reactions since it has very similar physical and chemical properties
when compared to n-heptane (straight-chained heptane).

Being an alkane, 2-methylhexane is insoluble in water, but is soluble in many organic solvents, such as alcohols and ether. However, 2-methylhexane is more commonly considered as a solvent itself. Therefore, even though it is present in many commercially available heptane products, it is not considered as a destructive impurity, as heptane is usually used as a solvent. Nevertheless, by concise processes of distillation and refining, it is possible to separate 2-methylhexane from n-heptane.

Within a group of isomers, those with more

branches tend to ignite more easily and combust more completely. Therefore, 2-methylhexane has a lower Autoignition temperature and flash point when compared to heptane. Theoretically 2-methylhexane also burns with a less sooty flame, emitting higher-frequency radiation; however, as heptane and 2-methylhexane differ by only one carbon atom
, in terms of branching, both burn with a bright yellow flame when ignited.

Compared to n-heptane, 2-methylhexane also has lower melting and boiling points. A lower density of liquid is found in 2-Methylhexane than heptane.

On the NFPA 704 scale, 2-methylhexane is listed as a reactivity level-0 chemical, along with various other alkanes. In fact, most alkanes are unreactive except in extreme conditions, such as combustion or strong sunlight. At the presence of oxygen and flame, 2-methylhexane, like heptane, combusts mostly completely into water and carbon dioxide. With UV-light and mixed with halogens in solvents, usually bromine in 1,1,1-trichloroethane, a substitution reaction occurs.

See also

References

  1. ^ "2-METHYLHEXANE - Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 26 March 2005. Identification and Related Records. Retrieved 6 March 2012.
  • "2-Methylhexane". chemexper.com. Retrieved 22 November 2011.
  • "Material Safety Data Sheet" (PDF). ChemADVISOR. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 March 2006. Retrieved 22 November 2011.
  • "Isoheptane". INCHEM: Chemical Safety Information from Intergovernmental Organizations. International Programme on Chemical Safety. October 2002. Retrieved 22 November 2011.
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