2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election

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2008 Ukrainian parliamentary election
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2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election
Ukraine
← 2007 28 October 2012 2014 →
All 450 seats in the
Verkhovna Rada

226 seats needed for a majority
Turnout57.43%
Party Leader % Seats +/–
Party of Regions Mykola Azarov 30.00 185 +10
Batkivshchyna
 Arseniy Yatsenyuk 25.55 101 −55
UDAR Vitali Klitschko 13.97 40 New
KPU Petro Symonenko 13.18 32 +5
Svoboda Oleh Tyahnybok 10.45 37 +37
RPOL
Oleh Lyashko
 1.08 1 New
United Centre
 Viktor Baloha – 3 New
People's Volodymyr Lytvyn – 2 −18
Soyuz Lev Myrymsʹkyy – 1 +1
Independents – – 43 New
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Prime Minister before Prime Minister after
Mykola Azarov
Party of Regions		 Mykola Azarov
Party of Regions

Parliamentary elections were held in

by-elections have taken place since.[2][3][4][5] Hence, several constituencies have been left unrepresented at various times.[2][6][7][8]

Unlike the two previous elections, this election used a

election threshold and the other half by first-past-the-post voting in single-member constituencies,[9] with alliances no longer allowed.[10] The parallel voting system was used previously in 1998 and 2002.[11]

The

citizen of Ukraine 18 years of age or older[12] was able to vote in 33,540 polling stations in Ukraine and 116 foreign polling stations in 77 countries.[13][14]

The

Svoboda, which came in fourth.[15] The new (on the national scene) party UDAR also enjoyed noticeable great success with its third place in the election.[15] The far-left Communist Party of Ukraine almost tripled its numbers of voters but because of the mixed election system used in the election it only won five more seats compared with the previous election.[15] Because of this mixed system three small parties and 43 unaffiliated politicians also made it into parliament.[15]

The new parliament was appointed and started its tasks on 12 December 2012 – six weeks after the elections.[16][17] This was the last national Ukrainian election Crimea participated in before the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation in 2014.

Background

See also: Elections in Ukraine

Political crises and cancelled 2008 snap elections

Main article: 2008 Ukrainian political crisis

On 8 October 2008

second Tymoshenko Government was extended) and appeals to Ukraine's Constitutional Court were withdrawn. Nevertheless, a snap election was predicted by Ukrainian politicians during the 2010 presidential election and after the dismissal of the second Tymoshenko Government.[24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] One of the arguments against holding early elections were the costs.[38] Early elections were (in October 2008) estimated to cost approximately ₴417 million[39] (about EUR€60 million or US$80 million).[40]

2012 election date set

On 1 February 2011 the Verkhovna Rada set the election date for 28 October 2012.

Central Election Commission of Ukraine announced that campaigning for the elections would commence on July 30.[43]

Changes in the voting system

Number of single-mandate constituencies per oblast compared with year 2002.
Map of single-mandate okruhy (districts) in elections.

In June 2011 the

Batkivschyna and Front for Change; but was condemned by the core party of Our Ukraine–People's Self-Defense Bloc, Our Ukraine.[52][53][54] Candidates could be elected on party lists or through self-nomination.[9] On 8 December 2011 President Viktor Yanukovych signed the new election law.[55] Since then several parties merged with other parties.[56][57][58]

The possibility to be simultaneously be nominated on a nationwide party list and in a single mandate constituency also was declared unconstitutional by the Constitutional Court of Ukraine on 10 April 2012.[59]

Voters could temporarily change their place of voting without changing their permanent voting address.[60]

Issues

Further information:
Civil movement "Chesno"

Fraud suspicions and accusations

See also: Corruption in Ukraine § Political corruption

From 2011 to 2013 with liaison to

neo-Nazi Frankenstein”.[61][65][66][67]

Before election day candidates and analysts predicted that bribery to secure votes would be rampant.[60][68][69] A March 2012 poll by Research & Branding Group showed that 66% of the respondents believed that the election would not be fair, 18% disagreed with that.[70] In June 2012 the Committee of Voters of Ukraine declared that the use of government resources for partisan ends would not be decisive in the (then upcoming) elections.[71]

Following the elections the parties

ballot stuffing, carousel voting, suspiciously high voter turnout and bribed voters have been reported.[73][74] On 30 October 2012 the Committee of Voters of Ukraine stated that the elections saw a record number of cases of bribery of voters.[75] They also insisted the elections had not brought the country closer to democratic standards.[75] And that although there were no grounds to believe that the violations that were reported on polling day could affect the election results, the election results could seriously be affected by violations during the counting of votes.[75]

According to

Berkut riot police was used in attempts to destroy ballots.[79]

On 1 November 2012 the Deputy Chairwoman of the

Central Election Commission of Ukraine (CVK), Zhanna Usenko-Chorna, stated that the elections were heavily falsified.[80] She indicated that several electoral districts clearly demonstrate a depravity of the single-constituency district elections in Ukraine and that as of 1 November CVK still had not received results from 14 electoral districts. According to her that was the main reason why CVK could not announce the complete results of the elections on the scheduled time, 31 October 2012.[81]

In mid-February 2012

Bloc Yulia Tymoshenko deputy Roman Zabzalyuk alleged without providing evidence that "if the results on Election Day can't be sufficiently fixed" the Party of Regions had already made plans to bribe deputies to join the Party of Regions after their election into the Parliament; representatives of the Party of Regions denied allegations of bribery or plans to fix the election.[82]

Issues at districts

Kyiv and its region

A notably reported scandal took place at the electoral district 215 where initially a win was awarded to the acting chairman of the

Andriy Illyenko ("Svoboda") were switched around.[85] On 1 November 2012 Halyna Hereha officially complained about the elections, she stated that she did not intend to take it to court.[86]

To another electoral district 211 in Kyiv was sent an ambulance as a deputy chairman of the district electoral commission had a nervous breakdown. The commission of the district for three days had a difficult time to count all the votes.[87][88]

Another big scandal with involvement of the riot law enforcement unit of

Berkut took place at the 95th electoral district (a Kyivan suburban city of Irpin). The electoral commission at the district was the slowest and the public involvement surely did not help to speed up the process, however a possible miscounting was prevented.[89] Previously, a possible riot from a big "youth group of athletic posture" was suspected by witnesses.[90]

Another scandal took place at the 223rd district where some fist fighting took place, which was eventually extinguished with the help of law enforcement.

Radio Liberty (Radio Svoboda) conducts a live broadcasting from the headquarters of the district. In protest the district electoral commission refuses to continue its work.[93][94]

Southern Ukraine

At the 132nd district (Pervomaisk, Mykolaiv Oblast) peasants laid a siege around the building of the district electoral commission in the protest of post-electoral results.[95] According to Batkivshchyna it had been defrauded a win in the district in favour of a candidate of Party of Regions.[95]

Repeat elections in 5 constituencies

The

Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine should determine the amount of funding for these elections.[96]

On 29 December 2012, the Constitutional Court of Ukraine received a query from 54 Verkhovna Rada members concerning procedures for the five repeat elections.[97] As of 21 March 2013 the Constitutional Court has not opened a case on this issue.[97] The current Verkhovna Rada parliamentary majority refused to consider the scheduling of repeated elections in the five constituencies before the court issues its ruling on this issue.[97]

On 5 September 2013 the Verkhovna Rada set the date of (all, see below) 7 re-elections to 15 December 2013.[98]

Repeat elections in 2 more constituencies

In early February 2013 the

independent Oleksandr Dombrovsky.[99] The Administrative Court established that the results in single-member districts number 11 (Vinnytsia Oblast; Dombrovsky) and number 71 (Zakarpattia Oblast; Baloha) after the 2012 elections had been "unreliable".[99] On 3 July 2013 Baloha's and Dombrovsky's mandates were officially cancelled.[6]

On 5 September 2013 the Verkhovna Rada set the date of (all, see above) 7 re-elections to 15 December 2013.[98]

By-election in constituency 224 (Sevastopol)

On 24 December 2012 President

Vadim Novinsky with 53.41% with a turnout of 23.91%.[100][102] Before the election Novinsky had stated he would join the Party of Regions if he won.[103]

Repeat elections in constituency 133 (Odesa)

On 12 September 2013 the Higher Administrative Court of Ukraine (under a lawsuit lodged by

Yuriy Karmazin) ruled it impossible to reliably establish the results of 28 October 2012 elections in single-mandate constituency No. 133 (in Odesa),[104] at the time Ihor Markov had been declared winner of that constituency.[105] The court overturned the Central Election Commission (CEC) decision of 23 November 2012 regarding Markov's registration as a People's Deputy of Ukraine and ordered the CEC to take measures to organize, prepare for and hold repeat elections in constituency No. 133.[105]

Police officers had documented the use of pens with disappearing ink in at least 40 polling stations in constituency No. 133 on 28 October 2012.[105]

Repeat elections in five constituencies of 15 December 2013

The

Higher Administrative Court of Ukraine ordered to hold (additional) new elections in 2 more districts after the court removed the mandates of two seats.[99][5] On 5 September 2013 the Verkhovna Rada itself set the date of these 7 re-elections to 15 December 2013.[98] Hence, before 15 December 2013 of the 450 seats in parliament 443 deputies have been elected.[2][7][8][6] But eventually only repeat elections were held in 5 constituencies on 15 December 2013.[106]

By-election in constituency 83 (West Ivano-Frankivsk)

In February 2014

Yatsenyuk Government.[109] Sych had been elected as a lawmaker in the single-seat constituency No. 83 (West Ivano-Frankivsk) in the 2012 election of 28 October 2012.[110]

The

Svoboda,[112] came third with 14.9%.[111]

Campaign

Second Tymoshenko Government in 2007–10 (which it referred to as: "the chaos and ruins of 5 years of orange leadership",.[114][7] It advocated a "balanced" approach to developing relations with Russia and the West, saying neither should be given priority over the other.[7]

raising the status of the Russian language.[7]

local governance, inequality and poverty.[7][115]

Svoboda softened their rhetoric in the campaign but nevertheless promised to shake up the country's political status quo.[115][116]

One of the biggest spenders of the campaign was the party Ukraine – Forward!.[117][118] One of their election billboards claimed that “an average wage of EUR€1,000 and a pension of €500” was realistic for Ukraine (the monthly average wage was €300 at the time).[119]

Many candidates in single-seat constituencies tended to focus on local issues, often distancing themselves from party agendas.[7]

Overall the

election programs of the major parties bore many similarities; all pledged reforms to spur economic growth, higher wages, pensions and other benefits, better education and medical care.[7]

Two weeks before the (28 October) election UDAR withdrew 26 of its candidates running in

single-member constituencies in favour of Fatherland candidates and they withdrew 26 parliamentary candidates in favor of UDAR in an attempt to maximise votes for the opposition.[120]

Costs

Political parties spent more than

Ukraine of the Future did not spend anything on campaigning yet still managed to take the 15th spot amongst the 21 parties who participated in the nationwide list with 0.18% of the votes.[122]

Denys Kovrizhenko of the International Foundation for Electoral Systems – Ukraine stated the sum of money spend could be up to 10 times more than what parties report afterwards.

OPORA “In general, candidates spend about three times more than they officially report to spend”.[123] Political scientist Artem Bidenko estimated other figures; he believed that the Party of Regions had spent around $850 million, Ukraine – Forward some $150 million, and the election campaigns of the rest of the political parties $350 million, while candidates in majority constituencies had spent some $900 million on the election campaign.[124] About half of the single-constituency candidates submitted reports about their campaign spending.[123]

In October 2008 Ukrainian experts estimated that a small political party who wants to win seats in parliament would spend up to US$30 million on the campaign and large political parties would spend up to $100 million.[125] Political analyst Pavlo Bulhak stated then that a party's election budget will be spent on advertising on television, bribing voters, organizing rallies and party propaganda.[125]

Results

Level protocol handles on 30 October 2012; 1:30 pm
The leaders in multi-member districts by oblast
The leaders in multi-member districts by constituency
Leaders in single-mandate constituencies

On 8 November the Central Election Commission of Ukraine completed and released all results of the nationwide party list the constituencies (the elections took place on 28 October).[3] Meanwhile, the Central Election Commission refused to establish the election results for the first-past-post results in 5 constituencies.[96] The

Supreme Administrative Court of Ukraine deprived 2 more deputies of power.[6] They were banned from parliament on 3 July 2013.[6] On 5 September 2013 the Verkhovna Rada itself set the date of all 7 re-elections to 15 December 2013.[98]

PartyProportionalConstituencyTotal
seats		+/–
Votes%SeatsVotes%Seats
Christian Democratic Party of Ukraine
1,2100.0100New
Sam za sebe1,1980.0100New
Revival1,1090.0100New
People's Ecological Party9040.0000New
Christian Movement5970.0000New
Youth to Power5640.0000New
Liberal Democratic Party of Ukraine5290.0000New
Political Party of Small and Medium-sized Businesses of Ukraine5040.00000
Law and Order4970.0000New
European Platform4550.0000New
Internet Party of Ukraine4160.0000New
Bloc Party3970.0000New
All-Ukrainian Union "Center"3660.00000
For Human Rights3520.0000New
Civil Position3520.0000New
Democratic Party of Ukrainian Hunters3400.0000New
Social Democratic Party of Ukraine (united)3400.0000New
Right Will of Ukraine2430.0000New
Cossack Ukrainian Party2350.0000New
All-Ukrainian Political Party "Fratenity"1880.0000New
Party of Free Democrats1860.00000
People's Order Party1240.0000New
Independents5,248,37326.194343+43
Vacant55–
Total20,388,019100.0022520,037,071100.002254500
Valid votes20,388,01998.03
Invalid/blank votes409,0681.97
Total votes20,797,087100.00
Registered voters/turnout36,213,01057.43
Source: CLEA

By electoral district

Next to the 87 political parties[126] 1150 independent candidates took part in the 225 electoral districts.[127]

Several lawmakers elected into the new parliament have family ties with other lawmakers or other family members in the executive branch of Ukrainian politics.[129]

Turnout

Turnout by oblast

The total voter turnout in the election was 57.99%;[74] about average for parliamentary elections in Ukraine.[15][115] On election day turnout had reached 22.43% by noon local time.[130] The number of reported participating voters varied somewhere between 20.76 million and 20.78 million,[131][132] while the number of invalid ballots accumulated to about 1.2 million (5.74%) for party list voting and voting at districts.[132]

The lowest turnout was in Crimea (with 49.46%), the highest in Lviv Oblast (67.13%).[74] Local disparities in turnout did occur: for example, the voting turnout figures in two adjacent districts in Donetsk were 39.8% and 84.5%.[15]

Forming of new government

On 9 December President Viktor Yanukovych nominated Mykola Azarov for a new term as Prime Minister.[133] This nomination was approved by parliament on 13 December 2012.[134] 252 deputies of the 450 deputies supported the nomination; the whole factions of Party of Regions (210 deputies) and Communist Party (32 deputies) and ten independent deputies.[135]

The

second Azarov Government was appointed by Yanukovych on 24 December 2012.[136]

Reactions

chief prosecutor Viktor Pshonka, and the release from jail of Yulia Tymoshenko "and other political prisoners".[138][139]

Prime Minister Mykola Azarov and President Yanukovych praised the elections.[citation needed]

Party leader Petro Symonenko of the Communist Party of Ukraine believed on 8 November that the new parliament could not work better than the present one, as "there will be a confrontation between the financial, political and clan groups who got seats in the new parliament."[140] He also stated then that his party will not form any coalition with other groups in the new parliament.[140]

Civil movement "Chesno" stated on 5 December 2012 that 331 out of the 450 deputies elected on 28 October fell short of its criteria for honesty; according to "Chesno"'s parameters, 114 of them violated the rights and freedoms of citizens, 30 earlier changed their political position while working in parliament or on local councils, 233 had been involved in corrupt practices, 185 had nontransparent incomes and expenses, 156 did not personally take part in voting in previous parliaments, and 101 had shirked work in parliament.[141]

Sergei Tigipko stated in December 2012 "the parliamentary elections showed that politics in Ukraine is becoming more ideological".[142]

International reactions

Ukraine's electoral legislation "into line with European norms and standards on the basis of an Election Code".[143]

United States United States – United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton stated in late October 2012 about the election: "We share the view of OSCE monitors that Sunday's election constituted a step backward for Ukrainian democracy".[144] Vice President of the United States Joe Biden voiced concerns over the elections in a call with President Viktor Yanukovych on 13 November 2012 and end urged Ukraine to "end selective prosecutions".[145]
OSCE, PACE, NATO Parliamentary Assembly and European Parliament observers, the election campaign, electoral process and post-electoral process failed to meet major international standards and constitute a step backwards compared with the national elections in 2010
.
pro-European spirit in the country".[146] Because all political parties that made it into parliament, but the Communist Party of Ukraine, declared European integration of the country as one of their goals.[146]

International observers

On election day (28 October) there were 3,500 accredited foreign observers.

administrative resources, lack of transparency of campaign and party financing, and lack of balanced media coverage".[147] This contrasted sharply with the international observers' conclusions on Ukraine's February 2010 presidential election, judged then to have been transparent, unbiased and an "impressive display" of democracy.[147]

Ten thousand foreign observers where expected to observe the elections.[126] Some 100 long term observers from OSCE member states arrived in Ukraine starting from the middle of September 2012, followed by 600 short-term observers who will arrive a week before the elections to monitor the election process at voting stations.[126]

German Ambassador to Ukraine Hans-Jürgen Heimsoeth [de] stated "Germany is planning to send a numerous group of official supervisors" on 13 March 2012.[150]

The total number of registered observers on October 9, was 1053 persons.[151] The largest mission of international observers from CIS-EMO was 197 people.[152]

On 2 October 2012 CIS-EMO observers presented the Interim report of the CIS-EMO Election Monitoring Mission.[153] The report, in particular, noted that "The majority of detected violations are connected not with a political struggle of party lists but with the struggle of single-seat candidates". An impression that “antidemocratic power” clash with “democratic opposition” imposed by European and world society has a very relative nature that, as a rule, doesn’t distinct the real situation. In nowadays Ukrainian “peripheral capitalism” model such classes as “power” and “opposition” are conventionality. When the “Power Elite” is unconsolidated and disconnected and there is an open internal war between leading financial-industrial groups and corporations of Ukraine to get leverage of real state authority, all existing political parties only play the role of institutionalized political framework of realization of oligarchs’ economic interests.[154]

On 5 October 2012 the CIS-EMO report was presented at the annual meeting of the OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights.[155] Shortly before the presentation of CIS-EMO interim report web-site of CIS-EMO had been subjected to a massive DDoS-attack.[156] The report was published on the official website of the OSCE in English and Ukrainian[157] and also in Russian.[158]

The ENEMO (European Network of Election Monitoring Organizations) mission for the 2012 parliamentary elections in Ukraine began its work on 23 July 2012 with the arrival of four Core Team members. ENEMO is the first international election observation mission registered for the Parliamentary Elections 2012 by the Central Election Commission (CEC). 35 LTOs (long-term observers) arrived to Kyiv on 5 August 2012 and were deployed throughout Ukraine. Long-term observer teams cover one or two oblasts of Ukraine. On E-day, October 28, ENEMO deployed 43 STO (Short-term observer) teams throughout all oblasts of Ukraine.

Factions in parliament after elections

According to the amendment to parliamentary regulations adopted in November 2012, the smallest faction of parliament can be formed out a party with the smallest number of deputies elected by a party list and a single constituency vote.[159][160] That amendment to regulations can also be interpreted as "either or" meaning that the smallest faction can be formed either based on party list or a single constituency election. In that case the smaller parties' deputies that were elected to the parliament will be able to form factions of their own, making it more challenging to form a coalition in the Ukrainian parliament.[161]

On 27 November 2012 Party of Regions parliamentary leader Oleksandr Yefremov claimed that 223 members of the Verkhovna Rada had already expressed their desire to work in his party's fraction; according to earlier press reports 38 of the 43 unaffiliated politicians elected into parliament would join the Party of Regions faction.[162]

Party
(Shading indicates majority caucus)
 Total Vacant
Party of Regions Batkivshchyna UDAR
Svoboda
 Communists
Economic Development
Sovereign European Ukraine
 For Peace and Stability Non-affiliated
End of
previous convocation[163][164]
 195 97 DNP DNP 25 DNP DNP DNP 31 348 102
Begin[165] 185 101 40 37 32 - - - 43 438 12
12 December 2012[163] 208 99 42 36 27 444 6
11 June 2013[163] 207 93 34
31 December 2013[163] 204 90 38 442 8
21 February 2014[166] 177 55
22 February 2014[163][167] 134 88 115 447 3
23 February 2014[163] 131 118
24 February 2014[163] 128 123 449 1
25 February 2014[163] 127 33 91
27 February 2014[163] 122 32 37 60
28 February 2014[163] 36 36 57
4 March 2014[163] 119 87 33 60 445 5
15 March 2014[163] 120 88 35 37 58 448 2
18 March 2014[163] 82 41 33 439 11
25 March 2014[163] 88 35 447 3
8 April 2014[163] 109 34 33 38 68 446 4
10 April 2014[163] 108 35 70 449 1
11 April 2014[163] 106 42 37 71 448 2
20 April 2014[163] 104 41 72 446 4
16 May 2014[163] 103 39 35 73 447 3
29 May 2014[163] 87 31 40 74 446 4
6 June 2014[163] 80 85 40 32 95 442 8
1 July 2014[163] 86 41 24 104 445 5
2 July 2014[163] 32 73
4 July 2014[163] 78 23 34
24 July 2014[163] - 41 95
25 July 2014[163] 35 36 93
Latest voting share 17.5% 19.3% 9.2% 7.9% 0.0% 9.2% 7.9% 8.1% 20.9%
Note: The parties
For Peace and Stability on 2 July 2014.[168][169]

The Communist Party of Ukraine faction was dissolved 24 July 2014 two days after parliament had changed its regulations.[170]


Removing deputies from parliament after 2012 election

Main article: 7th Ukrainian Verkhovna Rada § Major events

Since 8 February 2013 four parliamentarians have been deprived of their mandate by the

Higher Administrative Court of Ukraine.[171]

Registered parties

In contrast with the

People's Self-Defense, Civil Position and Social Christian Party.[172][173][174][175] This electoral list was the result of negotiations within the opposition Dictatorship Resistance Committee.[176][177][178]

Nationwide list

The

Ukrainian Platform "Assembly" withdrew itself from the national list[180] (it had received ballot number 1) but the other ballot numbers did not change. So the ballot numbers were:[179]

  1. No party
  2. Socialist Party of Ukraine
  3. Communist Party of Ukraine
  4. Political Union "Native Fatherland"
  5. Russian Bloc
  6. Party of Nataliya Korolevska "Ukraine – Forward!"
  7. All-Ukrainian Union "Community"
  8. Ukrainian National Assembly
  9. Liberal Party of Ukraine
  10. New Politics
  11. All-Ukrainian Union "Svoboda"
  12. Ukrainian Party "Green Planet"[181]
  13. Party of Pensioners of Ukraine
  14. Our Ukraine (Our Ukraine, Ukrainian People's Party, Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists)
  15. Greens[182]
  16. Party of Greens of Ukraine
  17. UDAR of Vitaliy Klychko
  18. Ukraine of the Future
  19. People's Self-Defense, Front of Changes, For Ukraine!, Reforms and Order, Social-Christian Party, Civil Position
    )
  20. Party of Regions
  21. People's Labor Union of Ukraine
  22. Radical Party of Oleh Lyashko

Public opinion polls

Note that on 17 November 2011 the Ukrainian Parliament approved an election law under which 225

constituencies.[10] Simultaneously the option to vote "Against all" had been made defunct;[9] furthermore candidates could be elected on party lists or through self-nomination.[9]

Party: % 2007
election[183] 		FOM-Ukraine
(May 2009)[184] 		KIIS
(March 2010)[185]
Rating
(December 2010)[186]
Rating
(September 2011)[187]
Rating
(December 2011)[188]
Rating
(February 2012)[189]
Rating
(March 2012)[190]
Rating
(May 2012)[191]
Rating
(August 2012)[192]
 GfK
(September 2012)[193] 		KIIS
(September/ October 2012)[194]
Rating
(October 2012)[195]
PoR 34.37 24.7 36.4 30.0 21.9 19.4 18.8 21.3 22.0 24.6 25 20.1 23
Fatherland
 30.71† 15.8† 13.6† 19.6 18.9 20.3 20.3 20.9 25.6 26.2 15 12.1 16.5
Our Ukraine 14.15‡ <1 1.4 1.6 0.8 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.6 0.8 ? 1.0 1.0
CPU 5.39 4 3.1 4.8 5.7 8.1 7.2 7.4 7.6 9.4 9 7.8 12.8
People's Party 3.96¶ 2.7¶ 1.3¶ 0.7 1.6 1.2 1.6 1.5 0.8 1.3 ? <1 ?
SPU 2.86* 0.4 0.2 0.8 0.8 0.2 0.8 - 0.5 ? ? <1 0.3
Svoboda
 0.76 2.6 1.6 6.2 4.2 4.4 4.5 4.3 4.4 4.2 3 4.7 6
UDAR dnp** 1 2.7 5.4 5 6.9 7.2 9.2 11.8 17 11.5 17.9
Ukraine – Forward! Part of BYuT 0.5 1 3.8 4.2 3 1.4 3.1
FfC dnp 8.4 4.3 7.2 11 11.3 11.7 9.9 Part of
Fatherland
 Part of Fatherland Part of Fatherland Part of Fatherland Part of Fatherland
SU Part of LB 7.3 6.4 Part of PoR Part of PoR Part of PoR Part of PoR Part of PoR Part of PoR Part of PoR Part of PoR Part of PoR
Other 2.1 15 ? 2.3
Against all 2.73 6.3 7.4 10.7 Defunct Defunct Defunct Defunct Defunct Defunct Defunct Defunct
Not voting - 8.4 12.6 9.4 6.1 - 18.6 (not counted) 15.7 (not counted) ? 12.4 11.7 (not counted)
Unsure - 10.2 13.4 8.7 11.3 14 18.2 17.7 19.0 18.6 13 27.2 17.2
* In 2006 political parties or election blocs needed to collect at least 3% of the national vote for all parties in order to gain seats in parliament. In November 2011 this
election threshold was raised to 5% and simultaneously the participation of blocs of political parties was banned.[10]
**"dnp" stands for "did not participate".
†Participated as the Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc (BYuT).
‡Participated as the Our Ukraine–People's Self-Defense Bloc (OU-PSD).
¶Participated as the Lytvyn Bloc (LB).

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Parliament mulls Feb. 3 vote to amend Constitution, Kyiv Post (31 January 2011)
    Parliament sets parliamentary elections for October 2012, presidential elections for March 2015, Kyiv Post (February 1, 2011)
    Ukraine sets parliamentary vote for October 2012, Kyiv Post (1 February 2011)
    Early parliamentary elections may take place in May - Ukraine's Yanukovych, RIA Novosti (25 January 2010)
  2. ^ a b c d e f Party of Regions gets 185 seats in Ukrainian parliament, Batkivschyna 101 - CEC, Interfax-Ukraine (12 November 2012)
  3. ^ a b c d With all party lists ballots counted, Regions Party gets 30%, Batkivschyna 25.54%, UDAR 13.96%, Communists 13.18%, Svoboda 10.44%, Kyiv Post (8 November 2012)
  4. ^ a b c d e f g Repeat elections in troubled constituencies unlikely to be held before March 2013, says CEC deputy head, Interfax-Ukraine (7 November 2012)
  5. ^ a b CEC ready to appoint repeated elections in Dombrovski, Baloha constituencies Archived 2013-08-25 at the Wayback Machine, forUm (17 July 2013)
    Regions want repeat parliamentary elections in 7 controversial constituencies on Dec. 22, Z i K (18 July 2013)
    Mahera: Special law and funds needed to hold elections in troubled districts Archived 2013-12-16 at the Wayback Machine, Ukrinform (26 July 2013)
  6. ^ a b c d e f Baloha, Dombrovsky no longer MPs, Ukrinform (3 July 2013)
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Q&A:Ukrainian parliamentary election, BBC News (23 October 2012)
  8. ^ a b Constitutional Court hasn't opened proceedings concerning repeat Rada elections in five constituencies, Kyiv Post (12 January 2013)
    Opposition does not want repeat elections in five disputed districts, Kyiv Post (4 February 2013)
    Repeat elections to Rada in troubled constituencies may be held on August 25, says relevant committee's head, Interfax-Ukraine (17 June 2013)
  9. ^
    Interfax Ukraine
    (17 November 2011)
  10. ^ a b c d Parliament passes law on parliamentary elections, Kyiv Post (17 November 2011)
  11. ^ Ukrainian communists to seek return to proportional electoral system, Interfax-Ukraine (8 November 2012)
  12. ^ (in Ukrainian) Перший крок до зриву виборів, Ukrainska Pravda (9 April 2012)
  13. ITAR-TASS
    (28 October 2012)
  14. ^ Central Election Commission forms 33,540 polling stations in Ukraine and 114 abroad, Kyiv Post (12 April 2012)
  15. ^ a b c d e f g h After the parliamentary elections in Ukraine: a tough victory for the Party of Regions, Centre for Eastern Studies (7 November 2012).
  16. ^ Parliament of sixth convocation ends its work, Kyiv Post (6 December 2012)
  17. ^ You Scratch My Back, and I'll Scratch Yours, The Ukrainian Week (26 September 2012)
  18. ^ Ukraine president sets parliament election for Dec 7 Reuters
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  22. ^ "Ukraine president postpones elections due to financial crisis". AFP. 21 October 2008. Archived from the original on 20 May 2011.
  23. ^ "Ukraine timeline". 8 May 2012 – via news.bbc.co.uk.
  24. ^ Yuschenko vows to dissolve parliament if his draft of constitution not passed, Interfax-Ukraine (23 November 2009)
  25. ^ Update: Ukraine court rules Yanukovych coalition legal, Kyiv Post (8 April 2010)
  26. ^ Opposition leader promises new parliamentary election in March, if elected, Kyiv Post (9 December 2009)
  27. ^ Yanukovych won't nominate Tymoshenko for prime minister if elected president, Kyiv Post (9 December 2009)
  28. ^ Tymoshenko: Early parliamentary elections may follow presidential ballot in Ukraine, Kyiv Post (26 November 2009)
  29. UNIAN
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  30. ^ Yuschenko says parliament should be dissolved and premier dismissed, Kyiv Post (23 December 2009)
  31. ^ Yanukovych to call vote if coalition ruled illegal, Kyiv Post (1 March 2010)
  32. ^ Election to Rada to take place in March 2011 if 2004 political reform canceled, Kyiv Post (8 July 2010)
  33. ^ Update: Return to 1996 Constitution strengthens president, raises legal questions, Kyiv Post (1 October 2010)
  34. ^ Election official: Parliamentary poll should be held in March 2011, Kyiv Post (13 October 2010)
  35. ^ Election Commission fails to decide on start of parliamentary election campaign (VIDEO), Kyiv Post (22 November 2010)
  36. ^ Deputies agree to extend term in office, Kyiv Post (19 November 2010)
  37. ^ Update: Court extends parliament term by a year, Kyiv Post (22 November 2010)
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  42. ^ Tymoshenko faction deputy denies voting to extend parliament term, Kyiv Post (2 February 2011)
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  46. ^ The Distorted Will of the People, The Ukrainian Week (5 November 2012)
  47. ^ a b People First: The latest in the watch on Ukrainian democracy, Kyiv Post (24 June 2011)
  48. ^ a b Experts: Proposed election law casts cloud over next year's parliamentary contest, Kyiv Post (3 October 2011)
  49. ^ Poll:17% of Ukrainians would vote 'against everybody' during elections, Kyiv Post (29 November 2012)
  50. ^ Opposition pushes for immediate meeting with Yanukovych, Kyiv Post (22 September 2011)
  51. ^ Venice Commission advises Ukraine against returning to mixed electoral system, Interfax-Ukraine (4 October 2011)
  52. ^ Front for Change leader: New law to allow opposition win 2012 parliamentary elections, Kyiv Post (18 November 2011)
  53. ^ Tymoshenko's bloc faction satisfied with adopted election law, Kyiv Post (18 November 2011)
  54. ^ Our Ukraine condemns vote for law on parliamentary elections, Kyiv Post (18 November 2011)
  55. ^ Yanukovych signs law on parliamentary elections, Kyiv Post (8 December 2011)
  56. ^ (in Ukrainian) "Наша Україна" й УНП почали об’єднання з Дніпропетровська, Ukrainska Pravda (18 December 2011)
  57. ^ Tymoshenko, Lutsenko aware of their parties' unification, Kyiv Post (29 December 2011)
  58. ^ (in Ukrainian) Одна з партій НУНС перейменувалася та змінила голову, Ukrainska Pravda (3 December 2011)
  59. ^ Court bans simultaneous running for parliament in single-member districts and under party lists, Kyiv Post (10 April 2012)
    CEC head suggests ban on running for Rada independently and on party lists simultaneously, Kyiv Post (28 January 2012)
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  69. ^ Powers of Persuasion, The Ukrainian Week (28 September 2012)
  70. ^ Poll:Most Ukrainians do not believe in fair parliamentary election, Kyiv Post (12 April 2012)
  71. ^ Analysts: Government apparatus not to help it win in single-member districts, Interfax-Ukraine (13 June 2012)
  72. ^ Thirteen districts where election fraud is alleged, Kyiv Post (8 November 2012)
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  74. ^ a b c CEC:Turnout in Ukraine's parliamentary elections 57.99%, Kyiv Post (29 October 2012)
  75. ^ a b c Voters Committee: Bribery in parliamentary elections breaks record, Interfax-Ukraine (30 October 2012)
  76. ^ Opora: Use of government apparatus and vote buying most common violations during election campaign, Interfax-Ukraine (4 September 2012)
  77. ^ Regions Party leads rating of violators of electoral process, says Opora social network, Interfax-Ukraine (4 September 2012)
  78. ^ Regions Party records over 600 violations during election campaign, Interfax-Ukraine (28 October 2012)
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  83. ^ Капітуляція Гереги, або "Епіцентр" подій (Capitulation of Hereha or the EpiCenter of actions). Ukrainska Pravda. 2012.10.31
  84. ^ В окрузі Гереги-Іллєнка перераховують голоси. Ключ архіву знайшовся (In district of Hereha-Illyenko are recounting votes. The key to archives was found.). Ukrainska Pravda. 2012.12.30
  85. ^ Іллєнку відібрали 111 голосів у Гереги. Главі ОВК погрожують? (Illyenko lost 111 votes to Hereha. Head of the district electoral commission was threatened?). Ukrainska Pravda. 2012.10.30
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  87. ^ В окрузі Терьохіна до ОВК викликали "швидку" (In district of Teryokhin to the district electoral commission an ambulance was sent). Ukrainska Pravda. 2012.10.30
  88. ^ В окружком Терьохіна підтягнулися "братки" і міліція. Роботу заблоковано (To the Teryokhin's district commission came goodfellas and law enforcement personnel. Work is blocked.). Ukrainska Pravda. 2012.10.30
  89. ^ 95 округ. Ударна хвиля по Мельнику (95th district. A shock wave at Melnyk). Ukrainska Pravda. 2012.10.30
  90. ^ "Батьківщина" заявляє, що ОВК в Ірпіні готуються штурмувати невідомі ("Fatherland" declares that the Irpin district electoral commission is getting ready to be stormed by unknown). Ukrainska Pravda. 2012.10.30
  91. ^ "Свобода" кулаками почала відбивати перемогу у Пилипишина ("Svoboda" with fists started to defend a victory from Pylypyshyn). Ukrainska Pravda. 2012.10.30
  92. ^ Тягнибок погрожує пікетувати членів окружкому (Tyahnybok threatens with picketing of the district commission members). Ukrainska Pravda. 2012.10.30
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  95. ^ a b Селяни взяли в облогу ОВК в Первомайську (Peasants laid a siege around the district electoral commission in Pervomaisk). Ukrainska Pravda. 2012.10.30
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  97. ^ a b c CIS-EMO mission says parliamentary elections in Ukraine legally incomplete, Interfax-Ukraine (3 March 2013)
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  100. ^ a b c d By-election to parliament in 224th majority constituency of Sevastopol scheduled for July 7, says CEC, Interfax-Ukraine (18 April 2013)
  101. ^ Parliament annuls minister Lebedev's parliamentary mandate, Interfax-Ukraine (22 March 2013)
  102. ^ a b Novinsky wins by-election to Rada in Sevastopol, according to CEC, Interfax-Ukraine (8 July 2013)
  103. ^ Monday's headlines: Novinsky wins elections in Sevastopol; NBU reserves dip in June; Local official beaten to death in Donbas region, Kyiv Post (8 July 2013)
  104. ^ Former deputy says pro-presidential party run by bullies, Kyiv Post (16 September 2013)
  105. ^ a b c Court strips MP Ihor Markov of his mandate, Interfax-Ukraine (12 September 2013)
  106. ^ Opposition to field single candidates at repeat parliamentary elections, Interfax-Ukraine (12 December 2013)
    The opposition agreed on candidates for additional elections to the Verkhovna Rada on December 15, unn.com.ua (12 December 2013)
  107. ^ (in Ukrainian) Results in single-member district 223, 94, 132, 194 and 197 in 2013 repeat election Archived 2014-07-02 at the Wayback Machine, nbnews.com.ua
  108. ^ CEC registers Pylypyshyn and Datsenko as deputies, Kyiv Post (10 January 2014)
  109. ^ Maidan nominates Yatseniuk for prime minister, Interfax-Ukraine (26 February 2014)
    Ukrainian parliament endorses new cabinet, Interfax-Ukraine (27 February 2014)
  110. ^ a b Results of the vote count, Kyiv Post (9 November 2012)
  111. ^ a b (in Russian) By-elections to the Parliament in 83 County won the Director of "Bukovel" Shevchenko Archived 2014-06-19 at the Wayback Machine, nbnews.com.ua (29 May 2014)
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  117. ^ A Royal Gift to the Government, The Ukrainian Week (5 June 2012)
  118. ^ Korolevska recruits acting, sports stars for campaign, Kyiv Post (2 August 2012)
  119. ^ Footballers and other candidates, The Economist (8 October 2012)
  120. EurActiv
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  121. ^ a b Parties spend over Hr 600 million on elections, according to report, Kyiv Post (16 November 2012)
  122. ^ a b Media:Parties report to CEC on election costs, Kyiv Post (15 November 2012)
  123. ^ a b c Campaigns file dodgy spending declarations, Kyiv Post (8 December 2012)
  124. ^ Candidates spent $2.5 billion on election campaign, says expert, Kyiv Post (2 November 2012)
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  127. RBC Ukraine
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  129. ^ Family ties that bind parliament, Kyiv Post (15 November 2012)
  130. Itar-Tass
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  131. ^ ЦВК ОГОЛОСИЛА РЕЗУЛЬТАТИ ЗА ПАРТІЙНИМИ СПИСКАМИ (CVK announced the results by party lists). Ukrainska Pravda. 2012-11-10
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  134. ^ Ukraine parliament approves Azarov as prime minister, Reuters (13 December 2012)
  135. ^ (in Ukrainian) АЗАРОВ МАЙЖЕ СТАВ ЗНОВУ ПРЕМ'ЄРОМ Azarov ALMOST BECAME PRIME AGAIN, Ukrainska Pravda (13 December 2012)
  136. UNIAN
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  138. ^ Ukraine's opposition grudgingly accepts election results, Kyiv Post (12 November 2012)
  139. ^ Ukraine's United Opposition threatens to impeach president Archived 2012-11-16 at the Wayback Machine, Euronews (13 November 2012)
  140. ^ a b Ukrainian communists not to join other political forces in new parliament, says Symonenko Archived 2013-04-19 at archive.today, Interfax-Ukraine (8 November 2012)
  141. ^ Chesno movement says 331 newly elected parliamentaries cheated earlier, Kyiv Post (5 December 2012)
  142. ^ Tigipko not planning to work in Azarov government, Kyiv Post (22 December 2012)
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  147. ^ a b c d e Ukraine election 'reversed democracy', OSCE says, BBC News (29 October 2012)
  148. ^ OSCE/ODIHR to issue final report on Rada elections in 2 months, Kyiv Post (13 November 2012)
  149. ^ Polish observers to come to parliamentary elections in Ukraine, Kyiv Post (8 February 2012)
  150. ^ Central Election Commission: Germany to send supervisors for elections in Ukraine, Kyiv Post (13 March 2012)
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  156. ^ В преддверии оглашения доклада CIS-EMO по Украине сайт организации подвергся DDoS-атаке
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  162. ^ Yefremov: Regions Party faction already has 223 members, Kyiv Post (28 November 2012 2012)
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  163. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa (in Ukrainian) Депутатські фракції і групи VII скликання Deputy fractions and Groups VII convocation, Verkhovna Rada
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  170. ^ Turchynov dissolves Ukrainian Communist Party faction in parliament, Interfax-Ukraine (24 July 2014)
  171. ^ Higher Administrative Court deprives two MPs of deputy seats, Kyiv Post (9 February 2013)
    (in Ukrainian) ВИЩИЙ СУД ПОЗБАВИВ МАНДАТІВ ДВОХ ДЕПУТАТІВ Superior Court denied MANDATES two deputies, Ukrainska Pravda (8 February 2013)
    Court terminates deputy authorities of Party of Regions MP Verevsky[permanent dead link], Ukrainian Television and Radio (5 March 2013)
    Court strips lawmaker Verevsky of his seat in parliament, Kyiv Post (5 March 2013)
    Court deprives Vlasenko of parliamentary mandate, Interfax-Ukraine (6 March 2013)
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  173. ^ Opposition to form single list to participate in parliamentary elections, Kyiv Post (2 March 2012)
    (in Ukrainian) "ФРОНТ ЗМІН" ІДЕ В РАДУ З "БАТЬКІВЩИНОЮ", Ukrainska Pravda (7 April 2012)
    Yatseniuk wants to meet with Tymoshenko to discuss reunion of opposition, Kyiv Post (7 April 2012)
  174. ^ (in Ukrainian) Tymoshenko and Yatsenyuk united ("Тимошенко та Яценюк об'єдналися"), Ukrainska Pravda (23 April 2012)
  175. ^ Civil Position party joins Ukraine's united opposition, Kyiv Post (20 June 2012)
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External links

National Sociological Research Centers
Foreign Sociological Research Centers
  • Russia Fund of Public Opinion (FOM-Ukraine)
  • Germany Society for Consumer Research (GfK)
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