2008 Vanuatuan general election

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2008 Vanuatuan general election
Vanuatu
← 2004 2 September 2008 2012 →

All 52 seats in Parliament
Party Leader % Seats +/–
Vanua'aku Pati Edward Natapei 14.71 11 +3
National United
Ham Lini
11.64 8 −2
UMP Serge Vohor 10.67 7 −1
Republican Maxime Carlot Korman 7.75 7 +3
People's Progressive Sato Kilman 5.14 4 0
Green Confederation 3.44 2 −1
National 3.31 1 +1
Melanesian Progressive 2.92 1 −2
Labour 2.91 1 +1
Nagriamel 2.87 1 +1
Family First 2.22 1 New
People's Action 1.72 1 0
Namangi Aute
1.12 1 0
Shepherds Alliance 0.96 1 New
VPRFP 0.80 1 New
Independents 20.31 4 −4
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Prime Minister before Subsequent Prime Minister
Vanua'aku Pati

General elections were held in Vanuatu on 2 September 2008. In July the Melanesian Progressive Party requested that they be postponed, contesting the constitutionality of the Peoples Representation Act No. 33 of 2007, which allegedly enabled voters in certain constituencies to vote in two constituencies.[1] The Principal Electoral Officer, Martin Tete, confirmed that the election would take place on 2 September, as scheduled.[2] The day was declared a national holiday, to encourage people to vote.[3]

Over three hundred candidates, of which nine women, stood for election,[4] representing twenty-five political parties and approximately eighty independents.[5] There were 170,000 registered voters, and fifty-two seats to fill in Parliament in 17 multi-member constituencies.[6]

Preliminary results

Unofficial preliminary results were expected on 3 September 2008, with official results expected to take up to a week.

Moana Carcasses) as well as of the Vanuatu Republican Party (Maxime Carlot Korman) as well as the deputy PM Edward Natapei were returned to parliament.[8]

According to unofficial results, the ruling coalition was likely returned to power in the election;

Ham Lini's National United Party appears to have won at least seven seats, as have the Vanuatu Republican Party and the Union of Moderate Parties. Nine other parties and five independents also appear to have made it into Parliament.[11]

The Vanuatu Electoral Commission has announced that it will take several days before official results are available, and

ABC Radio Australia reports that, due to negotiations in establishing a ruling coalition once results are known, "it could be a week or two before it's clear just who will be leading the next Vanuatu government".[11]

On 9 September, it was reported that the

Maxime Korman, now claims he has enough votes to form his own government and become Prime Minister.[13] The ultimate results of the election are still unpredictable.[13]

Results

Final results were announced on 10 September 2008. The

Ham Lini (National United Party) as his deputy.[15] However, Maxime Carlot Korman of the Vanuatu Republican Party also claimed he had enough votes to form the government.[13] Natapei was elected by Parliament on 22 September, winning with 27 to 25 votes against Korman in a secret ballot.[16][17]

PartyVotes%Seats+/–
Namangi Aute
1,1781.1210
Shepherds Alliance [fr]1,0120.961New
Vanuatu Democratic Protection Party9660.920New
Vanuatu Progressive Republican Farmers Party8370.801New
Union blong Democratic Kastom Laef Movement6100.580New
Reassemble the Union Movement for the People of Vanuatu5630.540New
Vanuatu Liberal Party3910.370New
Tomburin Kastom Muvment3300.310New
Vanuatu Christian Party3030.290New
Friend Melanesian Party2700.2600
Popular Movement2530.240New
Melanesian Alliance1510.140New
Union Liberation Front800.080New
Kristian Demokrotic Party320.030New
United Liberation Front70.010New
Independents21,36520.314–4
Total105,197100.00520
Valid votes105,19798.59
Invalid/blank votes1,5051.41
Total votes106,702100.00
Registered voters/turnout152,04370.18
Source: Extraordinary Gazette[18]

By constituency

Ambae
CandidatePartyVotes%
Peter Vuta [fr]People's Action Party79516.57
James BuleNational United Party67614.09
James WangoPeople's Progressive Party3807.92
Dickinson VusilaiVanua'aku Pati3457.19
Fred TariIndependent3186.63
Steven TahiNagriamel2946.13
Edmond HokeNagriamel2825.88
Jacob MataVanua'aku Pati2775.77
Manley TariliuMelanesian Progressive Party2214.61
John Colwick TariGreen Confederation1753.65
Jenny LigoIndependent1653.44
Manasseh TariVanua'aku Pati1633.40
Jacques Sésé [fr]Union of Moderate Parties1633.40
Barnabas BaniNational Community Association1573.27
Ridley TariVanuatu National Party [fr]1232.56
Manuel TariPeople's Progressive Party1042.17
Garae Reynolds ToaIndependent962.00
Willie ToaVanuatu Labour Party390.81
Moffet Mele BitiVanuatu Republican Party240.50
Total4,797100.00
Valid votes4,79798.30
Invalid/blank votes831.70
Total votes4,880100.00
Registered voters/turnout7,06669.06
Ambrym
CandidatePartyVotes%
Jossie Masmas [fr]Vanuatu Republican Party61817.23
Raphael WorworUnion of Moderate Parties51514.36
Maki SimelumIndependent48513.52
Douglas TangtangPeople's Progressive Party44712.46
Job SailasIndependent3138.73
Daniel Frank TinningVanua'aku Pati2727.58
Bill WillieIndependent2627.30
George BumsengIndependent1805.02
Elie BonglibuUnion of Moderate Parties1584.40
Josiah BakonPeople's Action Party1574.38
Laurent LeingkoneTomburin Kastom Movement691.92
Elsie Lelon SaveiMuvment blong Chiefs601.67
Williamson NarosVanuatu Labour Party491.37
Robert BatickVanuatu Democratic Protection Party20.06
Total3,587100.00
Valid votes3,58798.65
Invalid/blank votes491.35
Total votes3,636100.00
Registered voters/turnout4,77576.15
Banks and Torres
CandidatePartyVotes%
Thomas Isom SawonNational United Party73717.75
Dunstan Hilton [fr]People's Progressive Party65415.75
Laliurou Eric ShedracNational United Party59814.40
Jack WonaIndependent53412.86
Joseph LaloyerVanuatu National Party [fr]48411.66
Paul Kamey DemmetPeople's Progressive Party43810.55
Reginold StanleyUnion of Moderate Parties2195.27
Sikir Sam BlondellIndependent1192.87
Basil HopkinsUnion Liberation Front801.93
Christina LorenceVanua'aku Pati791.90
Danstan TulaVanuatu Republican Party631.52
Marau FrederickIndependent611.47
David LerouxGreen Confederation441.06
Victor RonPeople's Action Party270.65
Lulum Vanva DerekMelanesian Progressive Party150.36
Total4,152100.00
Valid votes4,15299.24
Invalid/blank votes320.76
Total votes4,184100.00
Registered voters/turnout4,98283.98
Efate
CandidatePartyVotes%
Joshua KalsakauVanuatu Labour Party1,38111.55
Pakoa KaltongaVanua'aku Pati1,20810.10
Alfred Rolland CarlotVanuatu Republican Party9598.02
Roro Sambo [fr]National United Party8036.71
Nessam Kal J. Pierre NudumuriNational Community Association7486.25
Steven Kalsakau [fr]Union of Moderate Parties7356.15
Jimmy Luna TasongVanuatu Republican Party6415.36
Barak SopéMelanesian Progressive Party6035.04
Norris KalmetUnion blong Democratic Kastom Laef Movement5164.31
Jimmy MataiVanuatu National Party [fr]4603.85
James KalosalGreen Confederation3733.12
Reuben SeruVanuatu Family First Party [fr]2872.40
Louis CarloVanua'aku Pati2602.17
Michael DanielVanua'aku Pati2472.07
Kalopa KalpukaiIndependent1951.63
Kalsong HarrymanVanuatu Democratic Protection Party1921.61
David WalkerVanuatu Democratic Protection Party1881.57
Johnson Jim WabaiatTomburin Kastom Movement1801.51
Gilbert Memer IzonoUnion of Moderate Parties1781.49
Robert TasaruruIndependent1611.35
Ova KalorongoIndependent1571.31
Jerry DanielMelanesian Progressive Party1521.27
Mark BethelIndependent1491.25
Charlie Kalpoi KalorusIndependent1391.16
Sope MalasGreen Confederation1221.02
Claude KalsakauVanuatu National Party [fr]1150.96
Eddie Silas TisaliuIndependent1040.87
Taiwia RafeiIndependent860.72
Kalfau EsleyNational United Party850.71
Meles KalosaMuvment blong Chiefs810.68
Martin Manses AtavrotoIndependent730.61
Bill K. KalpoiIndependent630.53
Joseph MalakaiPeople's Progressive Party580.48
Joseph ObedIndependent530.44
Amos ToufauVanuatu Family First Party [fr]500.42
Peris KalopongIndependent400.33
Emil MaelTomburin Kastom Movement380.32
Otto NormanIndependent350.29
Sam SamsonVanuatu Christian Party300.25
Charley TugonIndependent150.13
Total11,960100.00
Valid votes11,96097.74
Invalid/blank votes2772.26
Total votes12,237100.00
Registered voters/turnout21,17857.78
Epi
CandidatePartyVotes%
Leinavao TassoVanua'aku Pati57320.66
Issac HamarliuVanuatu National Party [fr]51418.53
Isabelle DonaldVanua'aku Pati37613.55
Jack MowaNational United Party35712.87
Korah BenjimenIndependent31911.50
Tasso PhilipVanuatu Republican Party2729.81
Keliu OrakaUnion of Moderate Parties1154.15
Sam ObedVanuatu Labour Party792.85
Richard David FadanumataShepherds Alliance [fr]712.56
David SumaGreen Confederation572.05
Ioane SimonIndependent401.44
David Karie TisanaripuMelanesian Alliance10.04
Total2,774100.00
Valid votes2,77498.58
Invalid/blank votes401.42
Total votes2,814100.00
Registered voters/turnout3,43781.87
Luganville
CandidatePartyVotes%
George WellsNational United Party1,14820.63
Dominique MorinVanuatu Republican Party70812.72
Sam ToaIndependent4718.46
Roy WilsonVanuatu National Party [fr]4588.23
Temar JohnsonUnion of Moderate Parties3606.47
Elder John Batick BongIndependent3997.17
Jeremiah ViraPeople's Action Party3346.00
Nathan DickNagriamel2865.14
Gaspard Moli PalaudPopular Movement2534.55
Ruth MoeseIndependent1943.49
Raphael YeoyeVanuatu Family First Party [fr]1913.43
John TimothyGreen Confederation1512.71
John Morsen WillieVanua'aku Pati1492.68
Micah ManoMelanesian Progressive Party1382.48
Camillo SekemeVanuatu Democratic Protection Party751.35
Avock EsauIndependent661.19
George Meltek RoryMuvment blong Chiefs601.08
Paul HakwaPeople's Progressive Party500.90
Pierre MalamlaenVanuatu Labour Party480.86
Elizabeth SihosIndependent270.49
Total5,566100.00
Valid votes5,56698.90
Invalid/blank votes621.10
Total votes5,628100.00
Registered voters/turnout7,73472.77
Maewo
CandidatePartyVotes%
Philip BoedoroVanua'aku Pati66439.41
Jonas CullwickNational United Party62336.97
Santus WariUnion of Moderate Parties33019.58
Jonah ToakanaseNagriamel684.04
Total1,685100.00
Valid votes1,68598.71
Invalid/blank votes221.29
Total votes1,707100.00
Registered voters/turnout2,12480.37
Malekula
CandidatePartyVotes%
Namangi Aute
2231.65
Jeneck PatunvanuVanuatu National Party [fr]2201.62
Willie MarkIndependent2041.51
Jimmy Daniel AptvanuIndependent1581.17
Fred William Tasso [fr]Vanuatu Labour Party1471.08
Johnalsin BuktanIndependent1431.06
Obediah KensiVanua'aku Pati1421.05
Timothy MaltockIndependent1371.01
Pechoux MeltetamatVanuatu Democratic Protection Party1260.93
Marie Pascale MeleouneIndependent1000.74
Willie Apia MasingIndependent890.66
Ronnie JacobusMelanesian Alliance690.51
John AmmilIndependent680.50
Zilo Bong FantengIndependent620.46
Raymond AtinIndependent590.44
David WillionVanuatu Democratic Protection Party510.38
Albert MunaIndependent510.38
Raoul NemtenmalNagriamel300.22
Olivier FidelioMuvment blong Chiefs290.21
Enbue LennethUnited Liberation Front70.05
Total13,549100.00
Valid votes13,54998.97
Invalid/blank votes1411.03
Total votes13,690100.00
Registered voters/turnout17,65577.54
Malo–Aore
CandidatePartyVotes%
Namangi Aute
793.39
Total2,331100.00
Valid votes2,33198.48
Invalid/blank votes361.52
Total votes2,367100.00
Registered voters/turnout2,91081.34
Other Southern Islands
CandidatePartyVotes%
Ture KailoVanua'aku Pati81642.95
Thomas NentuIndependent31916.79
Masel Wilson ManuaNational United Party30416.00
James SilasVanuatu Labour Party19210.11
John Mete ApeiNational Community Association1125.89
Helen Stela NaupaMelanesian Alliance814.26
James YaviongPeople's Progressive Party764.00
Total1,900100.00
Valid votes1,90098.34
Invalid/blank votes321.66
Total votes1,932100.00
Registered voters/turnout2,32982.95
Paama
CandidatePartyVotes%
David AreasuvPeople's Progressive Party33841.07
Sam Dan AvockVanua'aku Pati28734.87
Demis LagoMelanesian Progressive Party8910.81
Tom Bethuel MailNational United Party647.78
Tomat Vativolivol AlibetUnion of Moderate Parties445.35
Mahitatan AvockIndependent10.12
Gideon MaelGreen Confederation00.00
Total823100.00
Valid votes82399.04
Invalid/blank votes80.96
Total votes831100.00
Registered voters/turnout92889.55
Pentecost
CandidatePartyVotes%
Ham Lini
National United Party72610.19
David TosulNational United Party5697.98
Bruce AsalUnion of Moderate Parties5607.86
Tony Nari [fr]Vanua'aku Pati4456.24
Godfrey BuleurNational United Party4436.21
Gildas TabiangaNational United Party4426.20
Noel Tamata MalaPeople's Progressive Party3134.39
Ezekiel BuleVanuatu Labour Party2603.65
Lazare AsalVanuatu Republican Party2363.31
David Alberto HuriIndependent2313.24
Hilario RebuNagriamel2233.13
Norbert SumsumVanuatu Democratic Protection Party2203.09
Joseph TariodoGreen Confederation2173.04
Silas AruIndependent2173.04
Mark DanolIndependent1942.72
Sylvester BulesaIndependent1872.62
Telkon BebePeople's Action Party1432.01
Joseph TabirapIndependent1231.73
Gratien MoisoulMuvment blong Chiefs1151.61
Luc SibaVanuatu Christian Party751.05
Witnol BuleNational Community Association510.72
Jonathan SiroIndependent460.65
Edward RauReassemble the Union Movement for the People of Vanuatu450.63
Winston Wisly TabiIndependent140.20
Joram TuguVanuatu Democratic Protection Party100.14
Total7,128100.00
Valid votes7,12898.56
Invalid/blank votes1041.44
Total votes7,232100.00
Registered voters/turnout10,53868.63
Port Vila
CandidatePartyVotes%
Ralph RegenvanuIndependent1,71010.83
Moana Carcasses KalosilGreen Confederation1,0866.88
Edward NatapeiVanua'aku Pati9295.88
Maxime Carlot KormanVanuatu Republican Party8465.36
Abel DavidShepherds Alliance [fr]8295.25
Patrick CrowbyNational United Party7874.99
Ephraim KalsakauVanuatu Labour Party7744.90
Paul Avock HungaiVanua'aku Pati6614.19
Willie JimmyNational United Party6163.90
Pierre TorIndependent5593.54
Tanarango SoloNational Community Association5493.48
Henri Taga TarikareaUnion of Moderate Parties4672.96
Ambrosio MelteresUnion of Moderate Parties4672.96
Molbah Hilaire BuleIndependent3382.14
Isabelle BaniVanuatu Family First Party [fr]3372.13
Georgio CaloUnion of Moderate Parties3121.98
Daniel RonnieIndependent3051.93
Dinh Van ThanVanuatu National Party [fr]2981.89
Taripoa KalfabunMelanesian Progressive Party2971.88
Silas Charles HakwaPeople's Action Party2561.62
Nato TaiwiaMelanesian Progressive Party2501.58
John Luen TarinuamataReassemble the Union Movement for the People of Vanuatu2411.53
Henry MaximoPeople's Progressive Party2221.41
Christophe LeyeIndependent2181.38
Bob KuaoReassemble the Union Movement for the People of Vanuatu2131.35
Moses StevensVanuatu Christian Party1981.25
Jay NgweleIndependent1951.24
Robinson RonoIndependent1931.22
Michael Sarea KalsakauIndependent1781.13
Malachai SakouIndependent1621.03
Mike BakeoliuIndependent1520.96
Ann KarieIndependent1480.94
Albert IokaiIndependent1470.93
Marco HerrominlyMuvment blong Chiefs1010.64
Tety CyrusIndependent990.63
Nibtik MarksonShepherds Alliance [fr]780.49
Abie Jack MarikemboUnion blong Democratic Kastom Laef Movement780.49
Daniel Toara KokonaIndependent780.49
Cyriaque MelepNagriamel760.48
Keinoho HoseaVanuatu Democratic Protection Party510.32
Jimmy AndengTomburin Kastom Movement430.27
Linda KalpoiMuvment blong Chiefs340.22
Kasso WillieReassemble the Union Movement for the People of Vanuatu330.21
Wendy HimfordChristian Democratic Party320.20
Tom Kasso TaleyReassemble the Union Movement for the People of Vanuatu310.20
Paul BilaVanuatu Democratic Protection Party280.18
Harry CollinsIndependent230.15
Hendon KalsakauVanuatu Democratic Protection Party160.10
Joe NocklamUnion blong Democratic Kastom Laef Movement160.10
Iarawoi Rezel SamanaIndependent160.10
Manina PacketeMuvment blong Chiefs140.09
Total15,787100.00
Valid votes15,78798.71
Invalid/blank votes2071.29
Total votes15,994100.00
Registered voters/turnout22,30871.70
Santo
CandidatePartyVotes%
Samson SamsenVanuatu Republican Party1,1598.67
Serge VohorUnion of Moderate Parties9467.08
Solomon LorinUnion of Moderate Parties8886.65
Jean Ravou Akii KolomuleVanuatu Progressive Republican Farmers Party8376.26
Marcellino PipiteVanuatu Republican Party6594.93
Voiasusu TaeUnion of Moderate Parties5894.41
Sela MolisaVanua'aku Pati5484.10
Christion MaliuUnion of Moderate Parties5293.96
John LumNagriamel5173.87
Philip AndikarIndependent4983.73
Moliare VatoutIndependent4953.70
Shem KaloIndependent4953.70
John Tari MolbaravVanuatu National Party [fr]4923.68
Sandie IacvuthNational United Party4623.46
Warssal Leon KattyNagriamel4623.46
Livo SaleruaVanua'aku Pati4563.41
Vanua MeleVanuatu Liberal Party3912.93
Akisina MaliuIndependent3082.31
Loy SaulMuvment blong Chiefs2942.20
Andiron Andi FarfarIndependent2541.90
Varucu PaialolosoMuvment blong Chiefs2451.83
John NoelIndependent2391.79
Norman KandyNational United Party2331.74
Jimmy Nakato StevensNagriamel2321.74
Tavi MeleIndependent2171.62
Moses WyneNational United Party1991.49
Allan PamaIndependent1671.25
Raja LuiGreen Confederation1521.14
Ninisia KaraivatuMelanesian Progressive Party1511.13
Mara William ReurVanuatu Family First Party [fr]950.71
Lestar JamesPeople's Action Party560.42
John Walker RiiPeople's Action Party440.33
Tining JacksonMuvment blong Chiefs390.29
Jimmys ImbertIndependent140.10
Total13,362100.00
Valid votes13,36299.01
Invalid/blank votes1340.99
Total votes13,496100.00
Registered voters/turnout19,93467.70
Shepherds
CandidatePartyVotes%
Daniel Kalo ToaraGreen Confederation29838.80
Baptiste Firiam MaripuVanua'aku Pati20726.95
Robert B. SamuelPeople's Progressive Party12215.89
Morris AmosVanuatu National Party [fr]10613.80
Joel MatarikiNational United Party344.43
Jean William MarimaraeUnion of Moderate Parties10.13
Total768100.00
Valid votes76898.84
Invalid/blank votes91.16
Total votes777100.00
Registered voters/turnout90785.67
Tanna
CandidatePartyVotes%
Harry IaukoVanua'aku Pati1,66212.09
Joe NatumanVanua'aku Pati9927.21
Bob LoughmanVanua'aku Pati9556.94
Moses KahuVanua'aku Pati9086.60
Morking StevensNational United Party8556.22
Isaac JudahIndependent8225.98
Louis EtapIndependent5694.14
Willie LopPeople's Progressive Party5143.74
Keasipai SongUnion of Moderate Parties4823.50
Charley NakoIndependent4773.47
Collin NatongaNational Community Association4633.37
Kelson HoseaUnion of Moderate Parties4583.33
Steven Iapum NatukaIndependent4143.01
Samuel PusaiIndependent4062.95
Joel Kamtop LopIndependent3682.68
Willie PosenIndependent3472.52
Thomas IaruIndependent3222.34
Gilbert NormanUnion of Moderate Parties2762.01
Jack IaukoPeople's Progressive Party2461.79
Tom Ierongen IenumakuVanua'aku Pati2451.78
Less John NapuatiVanuatu National Party [fr]2111.53
Simon KaukareMuvment blong Chiefs1931.40
Kawai J. ThompsonVanuatu Republican Party1841.34
Raymond MichelIndependent1841.34
Walter KotaVanuatu Family First Party [fr]1781.29
Isaac WanGreen Confederation1721.25
Jonah TagapuPeople's Progressive Party1641.19
Jack KapumMuvment blong Chiefs1581.15
Peter Jeremiah NiamakIndependent1471.07
Jeffrey LauhaMelanesian Progressive Party1060.77
Jimmy Tom LumeNational Community Association1060.77
Joseph Niel YebaVanuatu Labour Party890.65
Makam LoughIndependent520.38
James NimanpenIndependent200.15
Sam LopVanuatu Democratic Protection Party70.05
Total13,752100.00
Valid votes13,75298.24
Invalid/blank votes2471.76
Total votes13,999100.00
Registered voters/turnout21,50065.11
Tongoa
CandidatePartyVotes%
Willie Ruben Abel TitongoaVanua'aku Pati48838.24
Nicole JimmyVanuatu Republican Party41832.76
Tom SeuleNational United Party27521.55
Maala Haruel RoyUnion of Moderate Parties614.78
Lesly Peter TapangatorShepherds Alliance [fr]342.66
Total1,276100.00
Valid votes1,27698.31
Invalid/blank votes221.69
Total votes1,298100.00
Registered voters/turnout1,73874.68

Subsequent by-elections

Analysis

Derek Brien, of the Pacific Policy Institute of Public Policy in Port Vila, made the following comment on the election:

"In effect we've had two elections here in Vanuatu. We've got the election here in town, Port Vila, and Efate, the island on which it's situated, and then the rest of the country where 80 per cent of the population lives. And I say that because in the lead up to the election a lot of the media, a lot of the analysts were predicting a mood for change. I think what we forgot in that debate, or in that discussion in the lead up to the election, what was the rest of the country talking about. The rural areas where the majority of people don't have access to newspapers, televisions and, in the last few years, radio because there's been a problem with the transmitter. And in a lot of cases the rural electorate has been totally disengaged from both the government process and certainly the political process. It's not about policy basis down there. It's about patronage. It's about personalities."[19]

See also

References

  1. Radio New Zealand International
    . 24 July 2008. Retrieved 26 November 2011.
  2. Radio New Zealand International
    . 31 July 2008. Retrieved 26 November 2011.
  3. ^ "Polling underway in Vanuatu election", Radio New Zealand International, 1 September 2008
  4. Radio New Zealand International
    . 20 August 2008. Retrieved 26 November 2011.
  5. ^ "Vanuatu election result 'unclear'". The Sydney Morning Herald. AFP. 2 September 2008. Retrieved 26 November 2011.
  6. Radio New Zealand International
    . 1 September 2008. Retrieved 26 November 2011.
  7. Radio New Zealand International
    . 2 September 2008. Retrieved 26 November 2011.
  8. Radio New Zealand International
    . 3 September 2008. Retrieved 26 November 2011.
  9. ^ "Think tank predicts return for ruling Vanuatu coalition", ABC Radio Australia, 4 September 2008
  10. ^ "Vanuatu parliamentary changes likely following election", ABC Radio Australia, 4 September 2008
  11. ^ a b "Delay in Vanuatu election results", ABC Radio Australia, 5 September 2008
  12. ^ "Negotiation continues on formation of government in Vanuatu" Archived 2012-10-21 at the Wayback Machine, Xinhua, 9 September 2008
  13. ^ a b c d e "Confusion in Vanuatu's politics". Radio Australia. 2008-09-12. Retrieved 2008-09-14.
  14. ^ "Vanua'aku Pati Party leader Edward Natapei likely to be new Vanuatu PM - People's Daily Online". English.people.com.cn. 2008-09-10. Retrieved 2016-02-25.
  15. ^ "Natapei claims Vanuatu prime ministership", ABC Radio Australia, 10 September 2008
  16. Radio New Zealand International
    . 15 September 2008. Retrieved 26 November 2011.
  17. ^ "Edward Natapei wins Vanuatu PM vote | ABC Radio Australia". Radioaustralia.net.au. 2011-12-19. Retrieved 2016-02-25.
  18. ^ "Republic of Vanuatu Extraordinary Gazette No. 6" (PDF). 12 September 2008.
  19. ^ "Uncertainty after Vanuatu's general election", ABC Radio Australia, 9 September 2008