2009 Gujarat hepatitis outbreak
 | |
| Date | early 2009 |
|---|---|
| Location | Modasa, Gujarat, India |
| Casualties | |
| 49 dead[1] | |
| 125+ infected[2] | |
The 2009 Gujarat hepatitis B outbreak was a cluster of hepatitis B cases that appeared in Modasa, northern Gujarat, India in 2009. Over 125 people were infected and up to 49 people died.[1][2] Several doctors were investigated and arrested after the outbreaks.[citation needed]
Hepatitis B
The hepatitis B virus infects the liver and causes an inflammation called hepatitis. It is a DNA virus and one of many unrelated viruses that cause viral hepatitis. The disease, originally known as "serum hepatitis",[3] has caused epidemics in parts of Asia and Africa, and it is endemic in China.[4] About a third of the world's population, more than 2 billion people, have been infected with the hepatitis B virus.[5] This includes 350 million chronic carriers of the virus.[6] The acute illness causes liver inflammation, vomiting and jaundice. The infection is preventable by vaccination.[7]
Transmission of hepatitis B results from exposure to infectious blood or body fluids containing blood. Possible forms of transmission include (but are not limited to) unprotected sexual contact, blood transfusions, re-use of contaminated needles & syringes, and vertical transmission from mother to child during childbirth. HBV can be transmitted between family members within households, possibly by contact of nonintact skin or mucous membrane with secretions or saliva containing HBV.[8][9] However, at least 30% of reported cases of hepatitis B among adults cannot be associated with an identifiable risk factor.[10]
Arrests
The doctors were accused of re-using syringes, which had been contaminated with hepatitis B virus, to treat other patients. Eight medical practitioners, including doctors Govind and Chintal Patel, were arrested under the Indian Penal Code for culpable homicide not amounting to murder after allegedly re-using infected syringes.[11] One of them was also charged with attempted murder.[2] Most of the people affected had received medical treatment from Dr. Patel in the last six months. Medical officials conducted a raid on Patel's clinic and found several used syringes and other medical waste.[2][12]
Reaction
The
See also
References
- ^ a b c "Doctor arrested in Gujarat Hepatitis-B outbreak case". NDTV. 2009-02-22. Retrieved 2009-02-22.
- ^ a b c d "India hepatitis death toll reaches 38". CNN. 2009-02-22. Archived from the original on 26 February 2009. Retrieved 22 February 2009.
- PMID 8769597.
- PMID 16941687.
- ^ WHO | Hepatitis B
- ^ FAQ about Hepatitis B Archived 2009-02-09 at the Wayback Machine, Stanford University School of Medicine
- PMID 17673066.
- PMID 791124.
- ^ "Hepatitis B - the facts: IDEAS - Victorian Government Health Information, Australia". Health.vic.gov.au. Archived from the original on 28 February 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-23.
- PMID 8392167.
- ^ "Doctors held over hepatitis deaths". Press Association. 2009-02-22. Retrieved 2009-02-22.
- ^ "Hepatitis outbreak: 2 doctors booked for culpable homicide". Press Trust of India. 2009-02-22. Archived from the original on 25 February 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-22.
- ^ "Hepatitis-B toll up to 35". Times of India. 2009-02-22. Retrieved 2009-02-22.
- ^ a b "Modassa residents blame Gujarat govt for spread of Hepatitis B". Sify News. 2008-02-22. Archived from the original on 2009-05-08. Retrieved 2009-02-22.
- ^ "State govt opts for mass immunisation drive to counter Hepatitis B outbreak". Archived from the original on 2009-05-07. Retrieved 2009-02-22.
- ^ "NDTV Report". Archived from the original on 2009-02-25. Retrieved 2009-02-23.