2009 Indonesian legislative election

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

2009 Indonesian legislative election
Indonesia
← 2004 9 April 2009 2014 →
All 560 seats in the House of Representatives
281 seats needed for a majority
Turnout70.99% (Decrease 13.08pp)
Party Leader % Seats +/–
Demokrat Hadi Utomo 20.85 148 +93
Golkar Jusuf Kalla 14.45 106 −22
PDI-P Megawati Sukarnoputri 14.03 94 −15
PKS Tifatul Sembiring 7.88 57 +12
PAN Soetrisno Bachir [id] 6.01 46 −7
PPP Suryadharma Ali 5.32 38 −20
PKB Muhaimin Iskandar 4.94 28 −24
Gerindra Prabowo Subianto 4.46 26 New
Hanura Wiranto 3.77 17 New
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Results by province
Speaker before Speaker after
Agung Laksono
Golkar		 Marzuki Alie
Demokrat
This article is part of a series on the
Politics of
Indonesia
National government
Pancasila (national philosophy)
Legislature
Executive
Judiciary
Elections
  • Chairman Hasyim Asy'ari
Political parties
Foreign relations

Legislative elections were held in

People's Representative Council (DPR). A total of 38 parties met the requirements to be allowed to participate in the national elections, with a further six regional parties contesting in Aceh only. The Democratic Party of incumbent President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono won the largest share of the vote, followed by Golkar and the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle
.

Background

On 5 October 2004 three regencies were carved out of the province of South Sulawesi to form West Sulawesi as the 33rd province of Indonesia.[1] Because this occurred after the 2004 legislative election, West Sulawesi was not represented in the DPD during the 2004–2009 period.

There were talks on increasing the number of seats in the DPR as early as September 2007. In a meeting of a committee to draft changes to the Constitution, various factions within the government proposed an increase to between 560 and 600 seats total.[2] On 18 February 2008, the committee agreed on a 10-seat increase in the council to 560 total seats in order to accommodate for the new province of West Sulawesi and population increase.[3]

The number of registered voters was finalised at 171,265,442, a 15.7% increase from the 2004 legislative election. This number represents almost 74% of the total population of Indonesia[4] A total of 121,588,366 ballots were cast, of which 14.4% were declared invalid.[5] According to the KPU, the number of registered votes who did not vote increased from 15.93% to 29% compared to the previous election.[6]

Schedule

Under General Election Commission (KPU) Regulation No. 20/2008, the first phase of the election was finalising the list of voters. This was completed on 24 October 2008 with 170,022,239 people announced as eligible voters. However, a month later, the KPU announced that due to errors in entering data, and after eliminating multiple counting, the final total was 171,068,667, including 1,509,892 overseas voters.[7] It changed the final count once again on 12 March 2009 to 171,265,442 national and overseas voters after investigating allegations of voters left unregistered.[8]

The election campaign began on 12 July 2008 and ran until 5 April 2009, followed by a "quiet period" of three days, during which all election posters, banners and other materials had to be removed from public places. However, TV advertising was permitted to continue.

The legislative election took place on 9 April, and results were announced one month later. The new members of the DPD and the DPR will be sworn in on 1 October.[9]

Parties

Over 60 parties registered for the elections, but only 34 originally met the eligibility requirements.

Indonesian Communist Party to stand as candidates in the legislative election.[16]

Only parties or coalitions of parties tallying 25% of the national vote or winning 112 seats (20%) in the 560-member DPR may nominate a candidate in the

parliamentary threshold also meant that only parties receiving more than 2.5% of the popular vote would be seated in the DPR.[18]

Campaign

Party flags flying in Jakarta during the first phase of the campaign.

Although the election campaign began on 12 July 2008, before 16 March, it was limited to invitation-only meetings, advertisements in the media and the distribution of campaign materials. The public campaign ran until 5 April 2009.[9] Participants in the campaign were banned from calling into question the ideological or constitutional basis of the state as well as its form as a unitary republic. Campaign donations for DPR candidates were limited to one billion Indonesian rupiah from individuals and Rp5 billion from organisations, while the corresponding limits for DPD candidates were Rp250 million from individuals and Rp500 million from organisations.[15]

In contrast to previous parliamentary elections that were closed list, Indonesia instituted an open list system for this election. Individuals campaigned not only as members of their political party but also on their own merits, and some who were not listed at the top of the party's list won seats.

Controversies

The introduction of a parliamentary threshold rule met objections from smaller political parties. By limiting seating in the DPR to parties receiving 2.5% of the popular vote, smaller parties would be at a disadvantage. A request filed by 11 parties to review the rule was rejected by the

Constitutional Court.[18]

On 28 April lawmakers from six parties in the DPR submitted a formal proposal to investigate negligence and discrimination during voter registration as the KPU continued to dismiss challenges to results of its vote count.[19][20] The KPU also requested that any investigation by the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) on the failure of the Rp40 billion (US$3.68 million) electronic vote-counting system to be postponed until after presidential elections in July.[21] Despite these allegations, the Constitutional Court declined to open hearing to disputes regarding the voter list.[22]

An investigation by the country's National Commission on Human Rights estimated that between 25 and 40% of eligible voters were not able to exercise their constitutional right to vote during the legislative elections. The commission's report pointed out weaknesses in the organisational structure of the KPU and the lack of a budgetary policy for organising elections.[23]

In order to continue updating the voter registration list for the July presidential election, the Ministry of Finance provided the KPU with an additional Rp19.34 billion (US$1.9 million) in funds.[24]

Conduct

Polling stations conducted manual counts of ballots cast.

Polling stations were scheduled to open at 7 am and to remain open until noon local time on 9 April. However, several stations experienced delays with the opening time and had to extend polling hours in order to accommodate voters who had not yet cast their ballots.[25] Each polling station was scheduled to begin counting election results at noon local time and report them to the KPU. Ballot counting continued until 9 May, when the KPU would certify its results.[15]

In Aceh, eight international organisations observed the elections:[26]

Results

Preliminary results indicated that the Democratic Party of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono led the popular vote over Golkar, the party of incumbent Vice President Jusuf Kalla, and the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle of former president Megawati Sukarnoputri.[28]

PartyVotes%Seats+/–
New Indonesia Party of Struggle
197,3710.1900
Indonesian Nahdlatul Community Party146,7790.1400
Indonesian Unity Party140,5510.1400
Indonesian Democratic Vanguard Party137,7270.130–1
Freedom Party111,6230.1100
Total104,099,785100.00560+10
Valid votes104,099,78585.62
Invalid/blank votes17,488,58114.38
Total votes121,588,366100.00
Registered voters/turnout171,265,44170.99
Source: KPU

By province

Province Total
seats 		Seats won
Demokrat Golkar PDI-P PKS PAN PPP PKB Gerindra Hanura
Aceh 13 7 2 0 2 1 1 0 0 0
North Sumatra 30 10 5 4 3 3 2 0 1 2
West Sumatra 14 5 3 0 2 2 2 0 0 0
Riau 11 2 4 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
Riau Islands 3 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Jambi 7 2 1 1 0 2 0 0 0 1
South Sumatra 17 3 4 3 2 1 1 0 2 1
Bengkulu 4 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
Lampung 18 4 3 3 2 2 0 1 2 1
Jakarta 21 8 2 3 4 1 1 0 2 0
Banten 22 6 4 3 3 1 3 0 1 1
West Java 91 28 15 16 12 3 8 3 4 2
Central Java 77 14 11 19 7 8 7 6 4 1
Yogyakarta 8 2 1 2 1 1 0 1 0 0
East Java 87 21 11 18 6 7 4 13 5 2
Bali 9 2 2 4 0 0 0 0 1 0
West Nusa Tenggara 10 3 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 1
East Nusa Tenggara 13 3 4 2 0 1 0 0 2 1
West Kalimantan 10 2 2 3 1 1 1 0 0 0
Central Kalimantan 6 1 1 2 0 1 1 0 0 0
South Kalimantan 11 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 0 0
East Kalimantan 8 2 2 1 1 0 1 0 1 0
North Sulawesi 6 1 2 2 0 1 0 0 0 0
Central Sulawesi 6 1 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 1
South Sulawesi 24 6 8 0 3 3 1 0 1 2
Southeast Sulawesi 5 2 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
West Sulawesi 3 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
Gorontalo 3 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Maluku 4 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
North Maluku 3 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Papua 10 3 3 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
West Papua 3 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 560 148 106 94 57 46 38 28 26 17
Source: General Elections Commission

Electoral disputes

Popular vote results were certified as scheduled on 9 May by the KPU, which also announced that only nine parties would gain seats in the DPR based on rules of the parliamentary threshold.[29] However, party seating could not be certified immediately after several parties raised concerns over the KPU's vote-counting methods.[6] Seating distribution was eventually revised on 14 May after the KPU admitted to "human error" when displaying the original results. These results will be certified at a later date.[30]

The

Constitutional Court began its hearings for approximately 620 election disputes on 18 May. Cases involved both elections for DPR and DPD candidates. A lawyer for a DPD candidate stated that all but two of the political parties accepted the results of that election in the province of Papua.[31] On 11 June, the Court ordered the KPU to revise its calculations for allocating seats in the DPR on the grounds that the KPU has misinterpreted its own regulations.[32] Though the KPU initially refused to abide by the Court's ruling, it reversed its decision less than 24 hours later but would not begin work on the revision before 24 June. As many as 16 candidates who have been declared as victors in their respective districts could lose their seats, including DPR Speaker Agung Laksono.[33]

Election reruns will also be held in parts of the provinces of Papua and North Sumatra on 8 July, the same day as the presidential election.[34]

Analysis

Election results saw a drop in votes for Islamic parties compared to 2004 when they collected a total of 38% of votes.[35] Although 87% of Indonesia's population are followers of Islam, the four Islamic parties in this election (the United Development Party, the National Mandate Party, the Prosperous Justice Party, and the National Awakening Party) only collected 24% of votes.[36] The Prosperous Justice Party gained 12 seats but fell short of its goal of garnering 15% of total votes cast.[37]

In addition to growing concerns for the economy, observers believed that many voters shied away from

anti-pornography bill in 2006 to gain the favour of religious groups. However, the bill's vagueness meant that practising yoga could be construed as a pornographic action. Additionally, several corruption charges were brought against officials representing Islamic parties, which had previously been considered clean compared to other political parties.[35][38]

The trend of voting for secular parties was not limited to Islam-based parties. The

Catholicism-based Indonesian Democratic Party of Devotion received 0.31%.[36]

Aftermath

The

Great Indonesia Movement Party submitted former President Megawati Sukarnoputri and retired General Prabowo Subianto as running mates.[40]

It initially appeared that Golkar would enter into a coalition with the Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle to challenge the Democratic Party in the July presidential election. However, talks were broken off on 13 April 2009, with Golkar reportedly more interested in continuing the coalition with Yudhoyono rather than risk being cut off from power completely. Yudhoyono was also in talks with Islamist parties in a bid to form a coalition controlling more than half the seats in parliament.[28][41][42]

By late April 2009, Golkar was in talks with smaller parties to gain the votes it lacked to be able to nominate Kalla as a presidential candidate.

Labor Party and the Indonesian Nahdlatul Community Party. Two parties who had been considering joining the coalition, the National Mandate Party and the United Development Party, in the end, decided not to join.[44]

Members of the new legislature took the oath of office on 1 October for a five-year term in an inauguration ceremony whose cost was estimated at US$4.7 million.[45] The DPR elected Marzuki Alie of the Democratic Party as its Speaker and announced a total of nine factions in the legislature.[46][47] West Sumatra representative Irman Gusman was elected chairman of the DPD for the new five-year term.[48] At the same time, several party coalitions discussed nominations for MPR Chairman, including Taufiq Kiemas, husband of former President Megawati Sukarnoputri.[49] He was elected to the position on 3 October after receiving support from all nine political parties which were allocated seats in the DPR. The majority of DPD members walked out of the election after a proposal for two of the four deputy seats to be allocated solely to DPD members was rejected.[50]

References

  1. ^ "Sejarah Terbentuknya Sulawesi Barat" (in Indonesian). Sulawesi Barat Online. Archived from the original on October 7, 2011. Retrieved 2009-06-09.
  2. ^ "Jumlah Kursi DPR Cenderung Naik". Kompas (in Indonesian). 2007-09-28. Retrieved 2009-06-09. [dead link]
  3. ^ Pramono, Sidik (2008-02-19). "RUU Pemilu: DPR 2009 Jadi 560 Kursi". Kompas (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 2012-07-21. Retrieved 2009-06-09.
  4. ^ "Fact Sheet: 2009 Legislative Elections Indonesia" (PDF). Komisi Pemilihan Umum. 2009-04-13. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-12-25. Retrieved 2009-05-14.
  5. ^ "BAB V: Hasil Pemilu (Part V: Election Results) (" (PDF) (in Indonesian). Komisi Pemilihan Umum. Retrieved 18 March 2018.
  6. ^ a b "Demokrat raih suara terbesar" (in Indonesian). BBC Indonesia. 2009-05-09. Retrieved 2009-05-14.
  7. ^ "Jumlah Pemilih Berubah". Kompas (in Indonesian). 2008-11-26. Retrieved 2009-05-14.
  8. ^ Pasandaran, Camelia (2009-03-12). "KPU Finally Announces Final Voter List". Jakarta Globe. Archived from the original on 2011-08-10. Retrieved 2009-05-14.
  9. ^ a b "Peraturan Komisi Pemilihan Umum Nomor 20 tahun 2008" (in Indonesian). Komisi Pemilihan Umum. 2008-07-09. Archived from the original on 2009-04-11. Retrieved 2009-05-14.
  10. ^ "Over 60 parties bid to race for Indonesian elections". People's Daily. 2008-05-13. Retrieved 2009-05-14.
  11. Tempo. Archived from the original
    on 2011-07-16. Retrieved 2009-05-14.
  12. ^ Maslan, M. Rizal (2008-08-13). "Gugatan 4 Parpol ke KPU Dikabulkan Pengadilan" (in Indonesian). Detik.com. Retrieved 2009-05-14.
  13. ^ Maslan, M. Rizal (2008-08-15). "Akhirnya KPU Putuskan 4 Parpol Gurem Ikut Pemilu 2009" (in Indonesian). Detik.com. Retrieved 2009-05-14.
  14. ^ "Jumlah Caleg, Kursi dan Dapil pada Pemilu 2009" (PDF). Komisi Pemilihan Umum. 2009-04-07. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-12-25. Retrieved 2009-05-15.
  15. ^ a b c "Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 10 tahun 2008" (in Indonesian). Komisi Pemilihan Umum. 2008-06-12. Archived from the original on 2009-04-10. Retrieved 2009-05-14.
  16. doi:10.1016/j.electstud.2004.10.006
    .
  17. ^ "Many votes to count". The Economist. 2009-04-09. Retrieved 2009-05-14.
  18. ^ a b "23 Parties Join Forces To Fight Election Limits". Jakarta Globe. 2009-03-04. Archived from the original on 2011-08-10. Retrieved 2009-05-16.
  19. ^ Hutapea, Febriamy (2009-04-28). "Voter List Flaws Denied Human Rights: Lawmakers". Jakarta Globe. Archived from the original on 2011-08-10. Retrieved 2009-05-16.
  20. ^ Pasandaran, Camelia (2009-04-30). "Defiant KPU Rejects More Challenges to Vote Counts". Jakarta Globe. Archived from the original on 2011-08-10. Retrieved 2009-05-16.
  21. ^ Pasandaran, Camelia (2009-04-22). "Investigate After Presidential Election, KPU Asks KPK". Jakarta Globe. Archived from the original on 2011-08-10. Retrieved 2009-05-16.
  22. ^ Irwanto, Ferry (2009-05-08). "Constitutional Court Readies for Flood of Election-Related Lawsuits". Jakarta Globe. Archived from the original on 2011-08-10. Retrieved 2009-05-16.
  23. ANTARA. 2009-05-09. Retrieved 2009-05-16.[permanent dead link
    ]
  24. ^ Pasandaran, Camelia (2009-05-08). "KPU Given Money to Fix Voters List". Jakarta Globe. Archived from the original on 2011-08-10. Retrieved 2009-05-16.
  25. ^ Agustin, Hanisa (2009-04-11). "Pemungutan Suara Berjalan Lambat" (in Indonesian). Borneo Tribune. Archived from the original on 2011-07-08. Retrieved 2009-05-16.
  26. ^ EIGHT INT'L INSTITUTIONS TO MONITOR ELECTIONS IN ACEH TMCnet via Asia Pulse Data Source, April 07, 2009. Retrieved July 29, 2009.
  27. ^ "The Asian Network for Free Elections (ANFREL)".
  28. ^ a b "Indonesia coalition talks 'near'". BBC. 2009-04-13. Retrieved 2009-05-14.
  29. ^ Adiputri, Novi Christiastuti (2009-05-10). "9 Partai Raih Kursi di DPR" (in Indonesian). Detik.com. Retrieved 2009-05-10.
  30. ^ Masykur, Shohib (2009-05-12). "KPU Ubah Perolehan Kursi Tiap Parpol" (in Indonesian). Detik.com. Retrieved 2009-05-13.
  31. ^ "KPU Faces More Heat At Constitutional Court". Jakarta Globe. 2009-05-18. Archived from the original on 2011-08-10. Retrieved 2009-06-12.
  32. ^ Pasandaran, Camelia; Sri Saraswati, Muninggar (2009-06-11). "Constitutional Court Orders KPU To Reallocate Legislative Seats". Jakarta Globe. Archived from the original on 2011-08-10. Retrieved 2009-06-12.
  33. ^ Pasandaran, Camelia; Sri Saraswati, Muninggar (2009-06-13). "KPU Bows to Law, Agrees to House Seat Reallocation". Jakarta Globe. Archived from the original on 2011-08-10. Retrieved 2009-06-13.
  34. ^ Pasandaran, Camelia (2009-06-12). "Poll Reruns in Sumatra, Papua to Be Held on July 8". Jakarta Globe. Archived from the original on 2009-06-15. Retrieved 2009-06-12.
  35. ^ a b Onishi, Norimitsu (2009-04-24). "Indonesia's Voters Retreat From Radical Islam". The New York Times. Retrieved 2009-05-14.
  36. ^ a b Hutapea, Febriamy (2009-05-15). "Voters Consider Credentials Over Religion: Survey". Jakarta Globe. Archived from the original on 2011-08-10. Retrieved 2009-05-15.
  37. ^ Montlake, Simon (2009-04-09). "In Indonesian election, secular parties confirm appeal". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 2009-05-14.
  38. ^ Shulman, Robin (2009-04-09). "Indonesia Holds Fast To Secular Politics". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2009-05-15.
  39. ^ "Indonesia: Ruling party wins most votes". CNN. 2009-05-10. Retrieved 2009-05-15.
  40. Tempo. Archived from the original
    on 2009-05-17. Retrieved 2009-05-16.
  41. ^ Ali, Muklis (2009-04-13). "Indonesia president's party eyes Golkar, Islamist pact". Reuters. Retrieved 2009-05-14.
  42. ^ "Democrat Party Exploring Coalition With Golkar". Bernama.com. 2009-04-13. Retrieved 2009-05-14.
  43. ^ "Indonesia's second largest party seeks coalition with small parties". People's Daily. 2009-04-23. Retrieved 2009-05-14.
  44. ^ Christanto, Dicky (2009-05-01). "Political parties ink coalition agreement". The Jakarta Post. Archived from the original on 2009-05-13. Retrieved 2009-05-14.
  45. ^ Hutapea, Febriamy; Sihaloho, Markus Junianto (2 October 2009). "New Indonesian Lawmakers Take Oath". Jakarta Globe. Archived from the original on 10 August 2011. Retrieved 2 October 2009.
  46. ^ Akhmad, Mustain (2 October 2009). "DPR Tetapkan Lima Pimpinan". Media Indonesia (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 4 October 2009. Retrieved 2 October 2009.
  47. ^ Wedhaswary, Inggried Dwi (1 October 2009). "Inilah Fraksi-fraksi di DPR 2009-2014". Kompas (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2 October 2009.
  48. Tempo (in Indonesian). Archived from the original
    on 2011-09-27. Retrieved 2 October 2009.
  49. ^ "SBY's coalition divided on MPR speaker post". The Jakarta Post. 1 October 2009. Archived from the original on 4 October 2009. Retrieved 2 October 2009.
  50. ^ "Taufik Kiemas elected MPR chairman". The Jakarta Post. 4 October 2009. Retrieved 5 October 2009.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Indonesian legislative election, 2009.


Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2009_Indonesian_legislative_election&oldid=1216198558"