2012 24 Hours of Le Mans

The 80th 24 Hours of Le Mans (French: 80^e 24 Heures du Mans) was a 24-hour

A Audi R18 e-tron quattro driven by André Lotterer, Marcel Fässler and Benoît Tréluyer started from pole position after Lotterer set the fastest overall lap time in the third qualifying session. The team were untroubled in the opening hours of the race until a Toyota TS030 Hybrid shared by Alexander Wurz, Kazuki Nakajima and Nicolas Lapierre took the lead. Toyota relinquished it during a safety car period for a major accident at the start of the sixth hour. Audi's other team of Allan McNish, Tom Kristensen and Rinaldo Capello became their teammate's lead challengers until McNish crashed while lapping slower traffic in the 22nd hour and providing Lotterer, Fässler and Tréluyer with a lead they maintained to the end of the race. It was Lotterer, Fässler and Tréluyer's second Le Mans win, Audi's eleventh and the first for a hybrid electric vehicle. The second Audi finished one lap behind in second place and a R18 ultra of Oliver Jarvis, Marco Bonanomi and Mike Rockenfeller completed an Audi sweep of the podium positions in third.

The

Due to the result of the race, McNish, Kristensen and Capello were elevated to the lead of the Drivers' Championship, 6½ points over the race winners Lotterer, Fässler and Tréluyer in second position. The leaders entering the event, Romain Dumas and Loïc Duval fell to third. Marc Gené was in fourth place and the Rebellion trio of Nick Heidfeld, Neel Jani and Nico Prost completed the top five after finishing in fourth position. Audi continued to lead the non-scoring Toyota in the Manufacturers' Championship with five races left in the season.

Background

The 24 Hours of Le Mans was first held in 1923 after the automotive journalist Charles Faroux, the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO) general secretary Georges Durand and the industrialist Emile Coquile agreed to hold a test of vehicle reliability and durability. The 24 Hours of Le Mans is considered one of the world's most prestigious motor races and is part of the Triple Crown of Motorsport.^[1]

The ACO moved the 2012 Le Mans schedule forward by one week in order to avoid a date conflict with races in the 2012 Formula One World Championship and to allow teams to establish their facilities at the Circuit de la Sarthe close to Le Mans, France.^[2][3] It was the 80th annual edition of the event, as well as the third of eight automobile endurance races of the 2012 FIA World Endurance Championship (WEC).^[4]

After the preceding 6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps, Audi drivers Romain Dumas and Loïc Duval led the Drivers' Championship with 43 points, two ahead of their teammates Rinaldo Capello, Tom Kristensen and Allan McNish in second place. Marc Gené was in third position with 25 points, the trio of Marcel Fässler, André Lotterer and Benoît Tréluyer were in fourth place with 19+1⁄2 points and Timo Bernhard was fifth with 18 points.^[5] Audi led the non-scoring Toyota in the Manufacturers' Championship by 52 points.^[5]

Regulation changes

With the introduction of hybrid electric vehicles for the first time at the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 2012, the ACO and the world governing body of motor racing, the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), created seven zones on the Circuit de la Sarthe for those cars to recuperate electrical energy under braking. Each zone was situated 50 m (160 ft) before the entry to a corner. The ACO and the FIA imposed a mandatory limit of 500 kJ (140 Wh) to restrict the amount of energy capable of being harvested by an energy recovery system between two braking zones and to regulate the capital needed to develop such systems.^[6]

Entries

Automatic entries

Automatic entries were earned by teams which won their class in the 2011 24 Hours of Le Mans. Teams who won Le Mans-based series and events such as the American Le Mans Series (ALMS), Le Mans Series (LMS), and the Petit Le Mans were also invited. Some second-place finishers were also granted automatic entries in certain series. Entries were also granted for the winners of the Michelin Energy Endurance Challenge in both the ALMS and the LMS. A final entry was granted to the champion in the LMS' Formula Le Mans category, and the winner received their invitation in Le Mans Prototype 2 (LMP2). As automatic entries were granted to teams, teams were allowed to change their cars from the previous year to the next, but not their category. Automatic invitations in the two GTE categories could be swapped between the two based on the driver line-ups chosen by those teams. As the ALMS did not separate between the Pro and Am categories, only a single GTE invitation was granted for their class champion.^[7]

On 24 November 2011, the list of automatic entries was announced by the ACO.^[7] Peugeot Sport chose not to accept their automatic invitation as they withdrew from sports car racing in January 2012 due to financial difficulties.^[8] BMW Team RLL and Pegasus Racing were the other two teams who did not take up their entries because both teams elected to focus on their respective series during the 2012 season.^[7]

Automatic entries for the 2012 24 Hours of Le Mans

Reason Entered	LMP1	LMP2	LMGTE Pro	LMGTE Am
1st in the 24 Hours of Le Mans	Audi Sport Team Joest	Greaves Motorsport	Corvette Racing	Larbre Compétition
1st in the Le Mans Series	Rebellion Racing	Greaves Motorsport	AF Corse	IMSA Performance Matmut
2nd in the Le Mans Series	Pescarolo Team	Strakka Racing	JMW Motorsport	AF Corse
1st in the American Le Mans Series	Dyson Racing Team	Not Awarded	BMW Team RLL
2nd in the American Le Mans Series	Muscle Milk Aston Martin Racing	Not Awarded	Corvette Racing
1st in the Petit Le Mans	Peugeot Sport Total	Level 5 Motorsports	AF Corse	Krohn Racing
1st in Le Mans Series Energy Endurance Challenge	Pescarolo Team		AF Corse
1st in American Le Mans Series Energy Endurance Challenge	Dyson Racing Team		BMW Team RLL
1st in Le Mans Series FLM category		Pegasus Racing
Source:[7]

Entry list

In conjunction with the announcement of entries for the 2012 FIA WEC, the ACO announced the full 56-car entry list and nine-vehicle reserve list at a press conference in Paris on 2 February.^[9] In addition to the 30 guaranteed entries from the WEC, 5 came from the ALMS, 3 from the LMS, while the rest of the field was filled with one-off entries only competing at Le Mans.^[10]

Garage 56

For the 56th and final entry for the 2012 Le Mans race, the ACO promoted cars which featured advancements in technology, either for performance or ecological improvement. Three projects were submitted to the ACO, with the automatic entry being granted to an American group by the name of Project 56 who developed the DeltaWing concept originally proposed for the American IndyCar Series. The extremely lightweight car features a layout that is far removed from the style of Le Mans Prototypes. The project was backed by Highcroft Racing, All American Racers and the Panoz Group.^[11] Two other entries had been granted reserve status if the DeltaWing team withdrew: the Swiss-developed GreenGT LMP-H2, which utilized a hydrogen fuel cell to run electric motors within a Le Mans Prototype style body,^[12] and the French Courage 0.12 used stored energy to drive electric motors.^[13]

Reserves

Nine reserves were initially nominated by the ACO, limited to the LMP2 (five) and both of the LMGTE (four) categories.^[10] The Dyson Racing teams withdrew both of their Lola B12/60-Mazda cars from the entry list on 16 April, citing a financial difficulty preventing the team from obtaining the necessary budget to compete at Le Mans and a desire to focus on the ALMS. This promoted the No. 30 Status Grand Prix Lola B12/80 and the No. 48 Murphy Prototypes Oreca 03-Nissan cars to the race entry list.^[14] That same day, the ACO released a revised entry list confirming the withdrawal of the Dyson entries as well as the Jetalliance, Hope Racing, Lotus Cars and Aston Martin Racing reserve entries. By the event's start, three reserved entries had not been promoted to the race entry.^[15]

Testing and practice

A test day was held on 3 June, two weeks prior to the race, and required all race entrants to participate in eight hours of track time divided into two sessions.^[16] A second Level 5 Motorsports HPD ARX-03b for Scott Tucker, the No. 32 Lotus Lola B12/80 and IMSA Performance's Porsche 997 GT3-RSR reserve entries took part. Sébastien Loeb Racing and two DAMS-entered Le Mans Prototype Challenge Oreca-FLM09s also participated.^[17] Toyota's Stéphane Sarrazin was unable to take part in testing after sustaining facial injuries from a bike accident on the afternoon of 2 June.^[18]

Duval set the fastest lap in the first session at 3 minutes, 27.738 seconds in the No. 3 Audi R18 Ultra.

After the test several prototype teams, including all Audi, Toyota, Pescarolo and Starworks Motorsports cars participated in an unofficial test on the shorter Bugatti Circuit on 6 June to ensure car components were working efficiently before the race.^[24] Official practice was held on 13 June with the full 56-car field on track for four hours.^[16] Audi led from the start once again, with Duval and later Tréluyer setting the early pace. Kristensen went faster before a lap of 3 minutes, 25.163 seconds from Lotterer at the end of the session made him quickest and Audi took the first four places. Kazuki Nakajima was the fastest Toyota driver in fifth and his teammate Anthony Davidson was sixth.^[25] A powertrain issue stopped the No. 8 Toyota on the Mulsanne Straight and it required an engine change.^[25][26] Watts was the fastest LMP1 privateer in seventh and Sébastien Bourdais's No. 17 Pescarolo Dome-Judd placed eighth.^[25] The No. 16 Pescarolo car of Jean-Christophe Boullion spun and crashed into a guardrail at 268 km/h (167 mph), damaging his ribs and leaving him unable to compete for the rest of the race meeting.^[27] Tom Kimber-Smith in the No. 44 Starworks HPD ARX-03b vehicle led in LMP2 with a 3 minutes, 39.669 seconds lap, ahead of the No. 38 Jota Zytek Z11SN car of Sam Hancock and Warren Hughes' No. 48 Murphy Prototypes Oreca entry.^[25][26] The LMGTE Pro category was led by the No. 97 Aston Martin of Darren Turner with a time of 3 minutes, 57.036 seconds and Patrick Pilet in the No. 79 Flying Lizard Porsche was fastest in LMGTE Am and was within 1.2 seconds of Turner's pace.^[26] The No. 51 AF Corse Ferrari caused a stoppage after Giancarlo Fisichella pirouetted and heavily damaged the car's rear-left corner in the Porsche Curves. The ACO and the FIA applied force majeure and allowed the car's chassis to be transported to AF Corse's factory in Piacenza for reconstruction.^[28]

Qualifying

The first of three two-hour qualifying sessions to determine the race's starting order through the quickest laps set by each team's fastest driver began late 13 June night under clear conditions.^[16][29] Audi led from the first minutes of the session with a flying lap from Oliver Jarvis in the No. 4 Audi,^[29] followed by Kristensen overtaking Jarvis soon after. He was followed by Lotterer whose final timed lap of 3 minutes, 25.453 seconds earned the No. 1 Audi team provisional pole position. Kristensen's time put the No. 2 car second and Duval's No. 3 entry finished the session third. The No. 7 Toyota of Nicolas Lapierre was 1.7 seconds adrift of the fastest Audi in fourth.^[30] Mike Rockenfeller's No. 4 Audi took fifth and Davidson's No. 8 Toyota in sixth was the slowest of all the hybrid cars. Watts, driving the No. 21 Strakka HPD, was the top non-hybrid LMP1 vehicle in seventh.^[29] Mathias Beche drove the No. 46 Thiriet by TDS Oreca to provisional pole in LMP2 with a lap of 3 minutes, 39.252 seconds ahead of the Murphy Oreca car of Brendon Hartley and Kimber-Smith's Starworks HPD vehicle. Keiko Ihara crashed the No. 29 Gulf Racing Middle East Lola car at the Dunlop Curves and was extricated from a barrier by recovery vehicles. The Pro class of LMGTE had Chevrolet lead from the start with the fastest lap set by Oliver Gavin in the No. 74 C6.R at 3 minutes, 55.910 seconds. Ferrari, Aston Martin and Porsche all had cars within two seconds of the Corvette. Pilet's Flying Lizard Porsche set the pace in LMGTE Am, followed by Sean Edwards' No. 75 Prospeed Competition car and Simonsen's Aston Martin.^[29] The experimental DeltaWing car driven by Michael Krumm suffered a heavy jolt on a kerb that activated its onboard fire extinguisher and the master electrical switch, disabling the engine.^[31]

In the third session, Lotterer in the No. 1 R18 e-tron quattro set a new fastest lap of 3 minutes, 23.787 seconds after 13 minutes and held the top of the time sheets to take pole position for Audi.^[34] Audi was the first manufacturer to earn pole position with a hybrid electric vehicle at Le Mans and took its seventh overall pole at the race.^[35] Duval improved the No. 3 Audi's lap to sit alongside the No. 1 car on the grid's front row.^[36] The No. 8 Toyota of Davidson closed to almost within a second of the pole sitting Audi with 15 minutes remaining to take third position.^[37] Kristensen separated the two Toyota entries in fourth place as Nakajima qualified the No. 7 TS030 Hybrid fifth. The final manufacturer vehicle was Jarvis' No. 4 Audi in sixth.^[34] Watts' Strakka won against the Rebellion car of Jani to be the fastest non-hybrid LMP1 car in seventh. Seiji Ara in the No. 17 Pescarolo Dome car made impact with a barrier at the Porsche Curves and brought out the sole stoppage of 10 minutes in all three sessions. In LMP2, John Martin's No. 26 ADR-Delta Oreca vehicle set a time of 3 minutes, 38.181 seconds in the first minutes of the session to move the team to pole position and its lap was unchallenged thereafter. Pla's OAK Oreca car fell to second and Panciatici's Signatech vehicle started from third after an error during the session. The No. 97 Aston Martin of Turner was unable to better the car's time to displace Makowiecki's No. 59 Luxury Racing Ferrari at the top of LMGTE Pro and Milner's No. 74 Corvette remained third in category. The lead in LMGTE Am remained with the Flying Lizard Porsche, 0.012 seconds ahead of the No. 77 Team Felbermayr-Proton Pro category car.^[36]

Qualifying results

Pole position winners in each class are indicated in bold. The fastest time set by each entry is denoted in gray.

Notes:

• ^1 —The No. 16 Pescarolo 03-Judd started from the pit lane after a change of engine overran into the race.^[39]

Warm-up

The cars took to the circuit on the morning of 16 June for a 45-minute warm-up session on a waterlogged track. The No. 3 Audi driven by Duval set the fastest lap of 4 minutes, 3.933 seconds with the sister No. 2 car of Capello second and the pole sitting No. 1 of Lotterer third.^[40] Jarvis' No. 4 Audi was fourth and the quickest Toyota was fifth after a lap from Wurz. The fastest LMP2 lap was recorded by the No. 42 Greaves Motorsport Zytek Nissan car of Lucas Ordóñez. AF Corse's No. 51 Ferrari driven by Toni Vilander was the fastest car in LMGTE Pro while Joël Camathias of JWA-Avila helped Porsche to lead in LMGTE Am.^[41][42] During the session, where several cars aquaplaned on the track, Marc Rostan spun the No. 29 Gulf Racing Middle East Lola car on the start/finish straight and Jan Charouz beached the No. 25 ADR-Delta Oreca vehicle in a gravel trap at Dunlop Curve leading to the session being stopped for ten minutes.^[40]

Race

Start

The weather was dry and sunny before the race with an air temperature between 10.5 to 21 °C (50.9 to 69.8 °F) and the track temperature from 15.5 to 26 °C (59.9 to 78.8 °F).

In LMP2, John Martin led the first nine laps until Pla's OAK car passed him during pit stop rotation. The No. 59 Luxury Racing Ferrari of Jaime Melo fell to fifth in the opening laps as LMGTE Am began as a multi-car battle between representatives of Porsche, Ferrari and Aston Martin with the lead of the class changing multiple times during the first hour.^[46] The LMGTE classes continued to be closely contested in the second hour with the No. 97 Aston Martin of Stefan Mücke, AF Corse's No. 51 Ferrari of Bruni and Gavin's No. 74 Corvette duelling for the head of the Pro category. Kimber-Smith was lapping faster than Soheil Ayari's No. 49 PeCom vehicle in the LMP2 category at the time and he moved the Starworks team to second in class. The hour had the first retirement with Rostan's No. 29 Gulf Racing Middle East Lola car sustaining a broken front-left wheel alignment from an accident leaving the Porsche Curves. Pilet and later Spencer Pumpelly's No. 79 Flying Lizard car took a clear lead in LMGTE Am after the No. 99 Aston Martin of Simonsen developed a misfire.^[47][48] LMGTE Pro continued to be a close battle between Milner's No. 74 Corvette, Turner's No. 97 Aston Martin and Bruni's No. 51 AF Corse Ferrari with the three cars nose-to-tail on the circuit and the lead changed frequently. The Ferrari was subsequently able to remain on track for longer than its competitors during a sequence of pit stops.^[49]

Nearly four hours into the race, Kristensen's No. 2 Audi returned to the garage so that the team's mechanics could remove a large amount of rubber debris lodged in its right-rear suspension arm and created a vibration. Kristensen returned to the race in fifth position and a routine pit stop for Duval's No. 3 car promoted the Toyota cars of Lapierre and Buemi to second and third.^[50][51] Although Toyota had less fuel economy than Audi,^[50] Buemi and later his teammate Lapierre were able to attack in the fourth hour and lowered Tréluyer's lead to twenty seconds. Jody Firth in the No. 48 Murphy Prototypes Oreca-Nissan vehicle passed Ryan Dalziel's Starworks HPD car for third in LMP2 and he pulled away from Dalziel to lead him by twenty seconds. Lapierre sustained damage to the No. 7 Toyota's right rear wing endplate which later detached and he continued in second position.^[52] Not long after Dumas was lapping the LMGTE-Am leading No. 79 Flying Lizard Porsche of Seth Neiman at the first Mulsanne Straight chicane and he understeered heavily into a tyre barrier with the No. 4 Audi's front-right corner.^[50][53] The car sustained heavy damage to its front bodywork,^[53] and required a 26-minute and 34-second pit stop to replace it and dropping the car down the race order.^[54] The fifth hour ended with Lapierre prevailing against Tréluyer in a duel for the lead.^[53]

Evening to night

At the start of the sixth hour Davidson in third was lapping Perazzini's No. 81 AF Corse Ferrari when the left-rear of the No. 8 Toyota made contact with the front-right of the Ferrari at the end of the Mulsanne Straight.^[55] The Toyota rotated through 360 degrees,^[56] lifted into the air after its right-rear wheel detached in the collision with the Ferrari and allowed air to penetrate its floor, It struck the tarmac with its front-left corner and hurtled upright at high speed towards a tyre wall at Mulsanne corner. Perrazzini's Ferrari made heavy side contact with an armco metal barrier that deformed it and the vehicle was turned onto its roof. The safety cars were deployed to slow the race as marshals worked for 70 minutes to replace and repair the damaged barriers and extricate the two cars from the track.^[54] Both Davidson and Perrazzini vacated their vehicles without external assistance;^[55] Davidson was transported to a local hospital from the circuit's medical centre complaining of shock and back pain. Davidson fractured his T11 and T12 vertebrae while Perrazzini was unhurt.^[57]

Half a minute after racing resumed the overall leading No. 1 Audi of Fässler was delayed by slower traffic, causing Nakajima's No. 7 Toyota to collide with the left-hand corner of the No. 0 DeltaWing car of Satoshi Motoyama and sent the latter into a concrete barrier beside the circuit.^[58] The DeltaWing sustained damage to its steering arm, powertrain and rear bodywork; track marshals pushed it behind the wall to allow mechanics from Highcroft Racing to advise Motoyama on how to repair the car. He spent 90 minutes repairing the car with garage equipment though he was unable to make it mobile and retired.^[59][60] Brendon Hartley was the fastest LMP2 driver at the time and he brought the No. 48 Greaves Oreca to the lead of the category. The No. 7 Toyota was driven into the pit lane for repairs to its rear and the crash promoted Audi to the first three positions. Pedro Lamy in the No. 50 Larbre Compétition got involved in a battle with Nicolas Armindo's No. 67 IMSA Performance Porsche for the lead of LMGTE Am.^[58] Maxime Martin returned OAK's No. 24 Oreca car to the lead in LMP2 until a puncture during his first lap out of the pit lane after a routine stop allowed the No. 48 Murphy Oreca-Nissan vehicle of Hughes back to the front of the category.^[61]

Lotterer had an anxious moment when he made a driver error during the first third of a lap in the No. 1 Audi; he returned to the track without losing the overall lead. Further down the field the fuel efficiency of the Ferrari 458 Italia allowed the No. 51 AF Corse of Bruni to remain in contention with the LMGTE Pro leading Corvette of Milner.^[62] As it turned 17 June, the No. 48 Murphy Oreca-Nissan relinquished the lead of LMP2 when driver Hughes entered the pit lane with a right-rear puncture that sent the car into a spin at the exit to Arnage corner and caused damage to its rear wheel arch and deck.^[63][64] Pla retook the class lead in the No. 24 OAK Oreca until he too was forced to slow and enter the pit lane with a sudden loss of oil pressure that was unable to be rectified and forced the car's retirement,^[65] returning the No. 44 Starworks HPD car of Kimber-Smith and later Dalziel to the category lead.^[63] In the eleventh hour, Westbrook had just relieved Milner in the No. 74 Corvette when its left-rear tyre detached in the Dunlop Esses and slowing him for the rest of the lap en route to the pit lane for repairs to the car's bodywork and underwent a change of brake discs.^[66] The car relinquished the lead of LMGTE Pro it had held for 66 consecutive laps to the No. 51 AF Corse.^[67]

Toyota lost its one remaining entry when the No. 7 car retired after 10½ hours with an engine failure.^[4] The No. 74 Corvette emerged on the track soon after though it was once again involved in an incident when Westbrook crashed at the first Mulsanne Straight chicane and necessitating repairs to its bodywork and a change of differential and halfshaft. A major accident for Frankie Montecalvo's No. 58 Luxury Racing Ferrari caused the car to retire with heavy left-hand side damage and its front wing removed.^[66] As the race approached half distance, the No. 1 Audi of Fässler led Kristensen's No. 2 car by 40 seconds before a driver change, Bonamoni's No. 3 entry was in third position and the recovering No. 4 driven by Dumas was fourth after contact with the No. 70 Larbre Corvette at the Ford Chicane. Makowiecki lost ground to the LMGTE Pro leading AF Corse Ferrari of Fisichella in the No. 59 Luxury Racing car after a driver error put him into a gravel trap at Indianapolis corner.^[68] McNish took over the No. 2 Audi and lapped in the 3 minutes and 30 seconds range to which Fässler's No. 1 entry responded to stabilise a gap to 1 minute and 20 seconds at the conclusion of the 13th hour.^[69]

Morning to early afternoon

In the early morning the No. 1 Audi of Fässler spun in the Porsche Curves and made contact with the rear of the car against a barrier, relinquishing first place to McNish's No. 2 car.^[70] During this period a broken left-rear transmission on Hartley's No. 48 Murphy Oreca-Nissan failed and caused one of the car's rear wheels to lock before track marshals pushed it towards the pit lane for it to be retired from the event.^[71] Abdulaziz Al Faisal spun and crashed backwards against a concrete barrier in the Porsche Curves causing enough damage to retire the vehicle and required the deployment of the safety cars for the second time in the race.^[70] When racing resumed Harold Primat's No. 13 Rebellion Lola car spun on cold tyres exiting the Porsche Curves; he avoided contact with a circuit barrier. The car lost a large amount of time while it was recovered by track marshals and Primat continued in sixth overall. The safety cars allowed Lotterer's No. 1 Audi to return to the lead after McNish entered the pit lane for a routine pit stop.^[72] Mücke, holding second place in LMGTE Pro, lost control of the No. 97 Aston Martin, went straight on and made contact with the car's right-hand side against a tyre wall to the right of the track.^[73] The car sustained minor damage and after repairs which dropped it four laps, returned to the track third in class.^[74] AF Corse had their lead in LMGTE Pro further strengthened when Makowiecki's Luxury Racing Ferrari picked up a right-rear puncture and required the team's mechanics to replace it.^[73][74]

Duval in the No. 3 Audi became the lead challenger to the No. 12 Rebellion Lola car, twice resetting the race's fastest lap and passing the Rebellion for fourth overall.^[75] Brian Vickers made minor contact against a wall at Tetre Rouge corner and the No. 71 AF Corse Ferrari sustained a left-front puncture. As he entered the pit lane, the front-left wheel caught fire, which fire marshals extinguished. The car was transported into the garage for repairs to its bodywork.^[76] Over three hours after reclaiming the race lead, Fässler encountered the No. 74 Corvette, which spun at Mulsanne corner. He damaged the No. 1 Audi's rear bodywork against a barrier in avoidance. Audi told Fässler to remain on the circuit until his next scheduled stop to replace the damaged component. Repairs took more than two minutes to complete and allowed Kristensen's No. 2 car to reclaim the lead following a pit stop for fuel. Kristensen overhauled Fässler in a duel for the lead on the Mulsanne Straight after a driver error sent the latter into a gravel trap.^[77] Separate pit stop strategies for the No. 1 and 2 Audi cars saw the lead exchange several times, while the No. 13 Rebellion car was forced into the pit lane for a clutch change and forfeiting sixth place to the No. 22 JRM HPD vehicle.^[78] Ayari, driving the No. 49 PeCom Oreca, held second place in LMP2 until he ran wide at Indianapolis corner and beached the car in a gravel trap. The car dropped to fourth after recovery vehicles extricated it from the gravel and Ayari made a pit stop to remove debris from it.^[79]

Bonanomi's No. 4 Audi twice stopped on the circuit with a transmission fault that he rectified by resetting the ignition system and kept the car in third position.^[80][81] Not long after an accident for Simon Dolan's No. 38 Jota Zytek in the Porsche Curves caused its retirement in the garage due to extensive damage to its rear.^[81] The race-leading No. 1 Audi of Tréluyer spun at the entry to the pit lane as he slowed to comply with the pit lane speed limit. He lost the lead to McNish's No. 2 car who extended it to 47 seconds.^[82] Audi suffered two accidents in the 22nd hour that warranted the third deployment of the safety cars. Gené in the No. 3 Audi repeated his co-driver Dumas' accident from the fifth hour, understeering into a wall at the exit to the first Mulsanne Straight chicane and damaged the car's front bodywork and front-right suspension. McNish's No. 2 car had rear oversteer while lapping the No. 59 Luxury Racing Ferrari and punctured a hole on an armco metal barrier in the Porsche Curves. Repairs to the No. 2 Audi dropped McNish one lap behind Lotterer and Gené fell behind the No. 13 Rebellion car in fourth place.^[83][84] After racing resumed, Anthony Pons' No. 76 IMSA Performance Porsche ceded the lead of LMGTE Am to Lamy's No. 50 Larbre Corvette which it maintained to the finish to earn the team's fifth victory in the class after Pons sustained a left-rear puncture on the final lap.^[85][86]

Finish

The No. 1 Audi R18 e-tron quattro of Fässler, Lotterer and Tréluyer maintained the race lead without trouble for the final two hours of the race,^[4] taking the trio's second consecutive win and Audi's eleventh overall in a distance of 5,151.8 km (3,201.2 mi) and 378 laps.^[87] Audi completed a sweep of the podium positions with the No. 2 and No. 4 cars in second and third.^[4] The Audi R18 e-tron quattro was the first hybrid electric and non-permanent four-wheel drivetrain vehicle to win the 24 Hour race.^[4][87] The Starworks Motorsport team was undaunted in LMP2 and maintained the first-place position it had held for 215 consecutive laps to win,^[67] earning Kimber-Smith his third victory in the class and Dalziel and Pottolicchio's first.^[88] The Thiriet by TDS Racing and PeCom Racing teams were second and third in LMP2. AF Corse held their three-lap lead over Luxury Racing in LMGTE Pro and took their first class win. It gave Bruni his second category win, and Fisichella and Vilander's first. Aston Martin came third in the category. The IMSA Performance team were able to secure a second-place finish in LMGTE Am after the team's late event puncture and the Krohn Racing squad followed in third.^[89] There were eighteen outright lead changes amongst three cars during the race. The No. 1 Audi's 326 laps led was more than any other car.^[67]

Post-race

The top three teams in each of the four classes appeared on the podium to collect their trophies and spoke to the media in the later press conferences.^[16] Lotterer said Audi's victory over Peugeot in the 2011 edition provided him with the confidence to challenge Toyota, "For me, I'm more new in Le Mans so to be in that situation was amazing, so this year we had a bit more confidence within the team. We know we can trust each other even more and this gave us good potential. But you come to Le Mans and you can't expect to win, you just do your best and hope that it will work."^[90] McNish apologised for the accident that caused the crew of the No. 2 Audi to lose a chance at victory, "I'm sorry for our team: Dindo, Tom, the engineers and the mechanics. They did a perfect job throughout the race. Despite a few problems we were in contention for victory up to my accident."^[91] Capello revealed that he said to McNish that the crash could have occurred to any driver, "For sure I felt disappointed when I saw the car in the wall, but as a driver immediately my thoughts went to Allan because I know he was giving 100% to try to close the gap as much as possible to the #1 car."^[92]

Davidson was flown back to his home in Oxford on 20 June to begin a three-month recovery period.^[93] He attributed the design of his race seat and head rest to saving him from paralysis, "It held me, supported me and arguably was the thing that saved me from further compression and maybe the worst case scenario of being paralysed now instead. When you look at everything involved, I think I got away with it the lightest I was ever going to."^[94] Members of the Toyota team went to the Nissan garage to apologise for the collision that resulted in the retirement of the DeltaWing.^[95] The team principal, Pascal Vasselon, stated Toyota's pace in the first half of the race was a realistic of what it could achieve, "We were not looking for an aggressive start and leading for 10 minutes. I know some people were expecting us to try to do that at the start, but no. The drivers knew they had to be safe at the start, then at the beginning the balance was not perfect. It was changing, the track was changing. We started on a very green track [because of the rain overnight] and it's important to be balanced for when the grip builds up, that was our target."^[96]

Due to the result of the event, McNish, Kristensen and Capello moved to the lead of the Drivers' Championship with 77 points, 6½ ahead of the race winners Lotterer, Fässler and Tréluyer in second place. Dumas and Duval fell from first to third with 67 points, Gené stood in fourth position with 49 points and the Rebellion trio of Nick Heidfeld, Jani and Nico Prost rounded out the top five with 42½.^[5] Audi continued to maintain their lead over the non-scoring Toyota in the Manufacturers' Championship with five races left in the season.^[5]

Race results

Class winners are marked in bold. Cars failing to complete 70 per cent of winner's distance (264 laps) are marked as Not Classified (NC).^[97]

Final race classification Pos Class No. Team Drivers Chassis Tyre Laps Time Engine 1 LMP1 1 Audi Sport Team Joest André Lotterer Marcel Fässler Benoît Tréluyer Audi R18 e-tron quattro M 378 24:01'16.128 Audi TDI 3.7 L Turbo V6 (Hybrid Diesel) 2 LMP1 2 Audi Sport Team Joest Allan McNish Rinaldo Capello Tom Kristensen Audi R18 e-tron quattro M 377 +1 Lap Audi TDI 3.7 L Turbo V6 (Hybrid Diesel) 3 LMP1 4 Audi Sport North America Oliver Jarvis Marco Bonanomi Mike Rockenfeller Audi R18 ultra M 375 +3 Laps Audi TDI 3.7 L Turbo V6 (Diesel) 4 LMP1 12 Rebellion Racing Nico Prost Nick Heidfeld Neel Jani Lola B12/60 M 367 +11 Laps Toyota RV8KLM 3.4 L V8 5 LMP1 3 Audi Sport Team Joest Marc Gené Romain Dumas Loïc Duval Audi R18 ultra M 366 +12 Laps Audi TDI 3.7 L Turbo V6 (Diesel) 6 LMP1 22 JRM David Brabham Peter Dumbreck Karun Chandhok HPD ARX-03a M 357 +21 Laps Honda LM-V8 3.4 L V8 7 LMP2 44 Starworks Motorsport Enzo Potolicchio Ryan Dalziel Tom Kimber-Smith HPD ARX-03b D 354 +24 Laps Honda HR28TT 2.8 L Turbo V6 8 LMP2 46 Thiriet by TDS Racing Pierre Thiriet Mathias Beche Christophe Tinseau Oreca 03 D 353 +25 Laps Nissan VK45DE 4.5 L V8 9 LMP2 49 PeCom Racing Luís Pérez Companc Pierre Kaffer Soheil Ayari Oreca 03 D 352 +26 Laps Nissan VK45DE 4.5 L V8 10 LMP2 26 Signatech-Nissan Pierre Ragues Nelson Panciatici Roman Rusinov Oreca 03 D 351 +27 Laps Nissan VK45DE 4.5 L V8 11 LMP1 13 Rebellion Racing Andrea Belicchi Jeroen Bleekemolen Harold Primat Lola B12/60 M 350 +28 Laps Toyota RV8KLM 3.4 L V8 12 LMP2 41 Greaves Motorsport Christian Zugel Elton Julian Ricardo González Zytek Z11SN D 348 +30 Laps Nissan VK45DE 4.5 L V8 13 LMP2 25 ADR-Delta John Martin Tor Graves Jan Charouz Oreca 03 D 346 +32 Laps Nissan VK45DE 4.5 L V8 14 LMP2 35 OAK Racing David Heinemeier Hansson Bas Leinders Maxime Martin Morgan LMP2 D 341 +37 Laps Nissan VK45DE 4.5 L V8 15 LMP2 42 Greaves Motorsport Alex Brundle Martin Brundle Lucas Ordóñez Zytek Z11SN D 340 +38 Laps Nissan VK45DE 4.5 L V8 16 LMP2 23 Signatech-Nissan Jordan Tresson Franck Mailleux Olivier Lombard Oreca 03 D 340 +38 Laps Nissan VK45DE 4.5 L V8 17 LMGTE Pro 51 AF Corse Giancarlo Fisichella Gianmaria Bruni Toni Vilander Ferrari 458 Italia GT2 M 336 +42 Laps Ferrari 4.5 L V8 18 LMGTE Pro 59 Luxury Racing Frédéric Makowiecki Jaime Melo Dominik Farnbacher Ferrari 458 Italia GT2 M 333 +45 Laps Ferrari 4.5 L V8 19 LMGTE Pro 97 Aston Martin Racing Stefan Mücke Adrián Fernández Darren Turner Aston Martin Vantage GTE M 332 +46 Laps Aston Martin 4.5 L V8 20 LMGTE Am 50 Larbre Compétition Patrick Bornhauser Julien Canal Pedro Lamy Chevrolet Corvette C6.R M 329 +49 Laps Chevrolet 5.5 L V8 21 LMGTE Am 67 IMSA Performance Matmut Anthony Pons Nicolas Armindo Raymond Narac Porsche 997 GT3-RSR M 328 +50 Laps Porsche 4.0 L Flat-6 22 LMGTE Pro 71 AF Corse Andrea Bertolini Olivier Beretta Marco Cioci Ferrari 458 Italia GT2 M 326 +52 Laps Ferrari 4.5 L V8 23 LMGTE Pro 73 Corvette Racing Antonio García Jan Magnussen Jordan Taylor Chevrolet Corvette C6.R M 326 +52 Laps Chevrolet 5.5 L V8 24 LMP2 45 Boutsen Ginion Racing Bastien Brière Shinji Nakano Jens Petersen Oreca 03 D 325 +53 Laps Nissan VK45DE 4.5 L V8 25 LMGTE Am 57 Krohn Racing Tracy Krohn Niclas Jönsson Michele Rugolo Ferrari 458 Italia GT2 D 323 +55 Laps Ferrari 4.5 L V8 26 LMP2 40 Race Performance Michel Frey Jonathan Hirschi Ralph Meichtry Oreca 03 D 320 +58 Laps Judd HK 3.6 L V8 27 LMGTE Am 79 Flying Lizard Motorsports Seth Neiman Spencer Pumpelly Patrick Pilet Porsche 997 GT3-RSR M 313 +65 Laps Porsche 4.0 L Flat-6 28 LMGTE Am 70 Larbre Compétition Christophe Bourret Pascal Gibon Jean-Philippe Belloc Chevrolet Corvette C6.R M 309 +69 Laps Chevrolet 5.5 L V8 29 LMP2 43 Extrême Limite ARIC Fabien Rosier Philippe Haezebrouck Philippe Thirion Norma MP200P D 308 +70 Laps Judd HK 3.6 L V8 30 LMP1 21 Strakka Racing Nick Leventis Jonny Kane Danny Watts HPD ARX-03a M 303 +75 Laps Honda LM-V8 3.4 L V8 31 LMGTE Am 61 AF Corse-Waltrip Robert Kauffman Brian Vickers Rui Águas Ferrari 458 Italia GT2 M 294 +84 Laps Ferrari 4.5 L V8 32 LMGTE Am 83 JMB Racing Manuel Rodrigues Philippe Illiano Alain Ferté Ferrari 458 Italia GT2 M 292 +86 Laps Ferrari 4.5 L V8 33 LMGTE Am 55 JWA-Avila Paul Daniels Joël Camathias Markus Palttala Porsche 997 GT3-RSR P 290 +88 Laps Porsche 4.0 L Flat-6 NC LMGTE Pro 74 Corvette Racing Oliver Gavin Richard Westbrook Tommy Milner Chevrolet Corvette C6.R M 215 Not classified Chevrolet 5.5 L V8 NC LMP1 17 Pescarolo Team Nicolas Minassian Sébastien Bourdais Seiji Ara Dome S102.5 M 203 Not classified Judd DB 3.4 L V8 DNF LMP2 38 Jota Sam Hancock Simon Dolan Haruki Kurosawa Zytek Z11SN D 271 Accident Nissan VK45DE 4.5 L V8 DNF LMP2 33 Level 5 Motorsports Scott Tucker Christophe Bouchut Luis Díaz HPD ARX-03b D 240 Fuel Honda HR28TT 2.8 L Turbo V6 DNF LMP2 30 Status Grand Prix Alexander Sims Yelmer Buurman Romain Iannetta Lola B12/80 D 239 Retired Judd HK 3.6 L V8 DNF LMGTE Am 88 Team Felbermayr-Proton Christian Ried Gianluca Roda Paolo Ruberti Porsche 997 GT3-RSR M 222 Retired Porsche 4.0 L Flat-6 DNF LMP1 15 OAK Racing Franck Montagny Dominik Kraihamer Bertrand Baguette OAK Pescarolo 01 D 219 Engine Judd DB 3.4 L V8 DNF LMGTE Pro 66 JMW Motorsport Jonny Cocker James Walker Roger Wills Ferrari 458 Italia GT2 D 204 Retired Ferrari 4.5 L V8 DNF LMP2 48 Murphy Prototypes Jody Firth Warren Hughes Brendon Hartley Oreca 03 D 196 Suspension/Accident Nissan VK45DE 4.5 L V8 DNF LMGTE Pro 77 Team Felbermayr-Proton Richard Lietz Marc Lieb Wolf Henzler Porsche 997 GT3-RSR M 185 Retired Porsche 4.0 L Flat-6 DNF LMGTE Am 75 Prospeed Competition Abdulaziz Al-Faisal Bret Curtis Sean Edwards Porsche 997 GT3-RSR M 180 Accident Porsche 4.0 L Flat-6 DNF LMP2 31 Lotus Thomas Holzer Mirco Schultis Luca Moro Lola B12/80 D 155 Gearbox Lotus (Judd) 3.6 L V8 DNF LMGTE Am 58 Luxury Racing Pierre Ehret Gunnar Jeannette Frankie Montecalvo Ferrari 458 Italia GT2 M 146 Accident damage Ferrari 4.5 L V8 DNF LMP2 24 OAK Racing Jacques Nicolet Matthieu Lahaye Olivier Pla Morgan LMP2 D 139 Oil pump Judd HK 3.6 L V8 DNF LMP1 7 Toyota Racing Alexander Wurz Kazuki Nakajima Nicolas Lapierre Toyota TS030 Hybrid M 134 Engine Toyota 3.4 L V8 (Hybrid) DNF LMGTE Pro 80 Flying Lizard Motorsports Jörg Bergmeister Marco Holzer Patrick Long Porsche 997 GT3-RSR M 114 Accident damage Porsche 4.0 L Flat-6 DNF LMP2 28 Gulf Racing Middle East Fabien Giroix Ludovic Badey Stefan Johansson Lola B12/80 D 92 Accident Nissan VK45DE 4.5 L V8 DNF LMP1 8 Toyota Racing Anthony Davidson Sébastien Buemi Stéphane Sarrazin Toyota TS030 Hybrid M 82 Accident Toyota 3.4 L V8 (Hybrid) DNF CDNT 0 Highcroft Racing Marino Franchitti Michael Krumm Satoshi Motoyama DeltaWing M 75 Accident Nissan 1.6 L Turbo I4 DNF LMGTE Am 81 AF Corse Piergiuseppe Perazzini Niki Cadei Matt Griffin Ferrari 458 Italia GT2 M 70 Accident Ferrari 4.5 L V8 DNF LMGTE Am 99 Aston Martin Racing Christoffer Nygaard Kristian Poulsen Allan Simonsen Aston Martin Vantage GTE M 31 Accident damage Aston Martin 4.5 L V8 DNF LMP1 16 Pescarolo Team Emmanuel Collard Stuart Hall Pescarolo 03 M 20 Power steering Judd DB 3.4 L V8 DNF LMP2 29 Gulf Racing Middle East Keiko Ihara Jean-Denis Delétraz Marc Rostan Lola B12/80 D 17 Accident Nissan VK45DE 4.5 L V8 Source:[97][98][99]

Tyre manufacturers Key Symbol Tyre manufacturer D Dunlop M Michelin P Pirelli

Championship standings after the race

World Endurance Drivers' Championship standings[5] Pos. +/– Driver Points 1 1 Allan McNish Tom Kristensen Rinaldo Capello 77 2 2 André Lotterer Benoît Tréluyer Marcel Fässler 70.5 3 2 Romain Dumas Loïc Duval 67 4 1 Marc Gené 49 5 3 Nick Heidfeld Neel Jani Nico Prost 42.5

World Endurance Manufacturers' Championship standings[5] Pos. +/– Constructor Points 1 Audi 103 2 Toyota 0

• Note: Only the top five positions are included for the Drivers' Championship standings.

References