2S1 Gvozdika

• 2S15 Norov – A prototype tank destroyer equipped with a radar-based fire control system and a 100 mm gun.^[7]
• UR-77 Meteorit – Mine clearing vehicle with launcher for mine-clearing line charges.

Ukraine

• Kevlar-E –
  remote weapon station and room for 6 passengers in addition to the 3 crew. The original 300 horsepower V8 diesel engine has been replaced with a 420 horsepower diesel engine produced by Caterpillar, Cummins or Deutz, increasing the maximum road speed to 70 km/h. The vehicle is amphibious, and has air conditioning, a fire detection and suppression system, an NBC system, navigation system and night-vision equipment. The variant was first introduced in April 2018.^[8] The prototype has been fighting in the Russian invasion of Ukraine.^[9]

Current operators

•  Algeria – 140 as of 2024^[10]
•  Angola − 9+ as of 2024^[11]
•  Armenia – 9 as of 2024^[12]
•  Azerbaijan − 68 as of 2024^[13]
•  Belarus – 125 as of 2024^[14]
•  Bulgaria – 48 as of 2024^[15]
•  Chad – 10 as of 2024^[16]
•  Congo-Brazzaville − 3 as of 2024^[17]
•  Congo-Kinshasa − 6 as of 2024^[18]
•  Cuba^[19]
•  Croatia – 8 as of 2024^[20]
•  Eritrea – 32 as of 2024^[21]
•  Ethiopia^[22]
•  Finland – 74 as of 2024^[23]
•  Georgia − 20 as of 2024^[24]
  •  South Ossetia^{[citation needed]}
•  Hezbollah − Used in Syria^[25]
•  Iran − 60+ 2S1 and Raad-1 as of 2024^[26]
•  Kazakhstan – 60 as of 2024^[27]
•  Kurdistan − Unknown number operated by the Peshmerga^[28]
•  Kyrgyzstan − 18 as of 2024^[29]
•  Libya − Used by the Libyan National Army^[30]
•  Poland – 206 as of 2024^[31]
•  Romania − 6 2S1 and 34 Model 89 as of 2024^[32]
•  Russia – 130 used by the Ground Forces, 85 used by the Naval Infantry, plus an unknown amount operated by the 1st Army Corps, 2nd Army Corps, and border guards. Estimated to have 1,800 in storage as of 2024^[33]
•  Serbia – 67 as of 2024^[34]
•  Sudan^[35]
•  South Sudan^[36]
•  Syria^[37]
•  Tajikistan − 3 as of 2024^[38]
•  Turkmenistan – 40 as of 2024 ^[39]
•  Ukraine – 125+ used by the Ground Forces, Naval Infantry and Airborne Assault Troops as of 2024^[40]
•  Uruguay – 6 as of 2024^[41]
•  Uzbekistan − 18 as of 2024^[42]
•  Vietnam^[43]
•  Yemen^[44]
•  Zimbabwe − 12 as of 2024^[45]

Former operators

•  Bosnia and Herzegovina − 3 in 2004^[46]
•  Czech Republic – 91 in 1999^[47]
•  Czechoslovakia – 230 in 1989.^[48] Passed on to successor states
•  East Germany – 300 in 1989.^[49] Phased out in 1990 after German reunification
•  Hungary^[50]
•  Iraq – Unknown number operational prior to the 2003 invasion of Iraq^[51]
•  Islamic State^[52]
•  Lebanon − 130 in 2004^[53]
•  Republika Srpska − 24 in 2004^[46]
•  Slovakia^[54]
•  Slovenia – 8 in 1999^[55]
•  Yugoslavia – Passed on to successor states^[56]
•  Soviet Union – 3,200 used by the Ground Forces and 90 by the Naval Infantry in 1989.^[57] Passed on to successor states

Combat history

• Afghanistan – Soviet–Afghan War
• Chechnya (Russia) – First Chechen War (1994–1996), Second Chechen War (1999 to 2000)
• Iraq – Iran–Iraq War, Gulf War, Iraq War
• Yugoslavia – Yugoslav Wars
• Georgia – Russo-Georgian War
• Second Libyan Civil War
• Syrian Civil War^[58]
• Ukraine – Russo-Ukrainian War

See also

• PLZ-07 – type of Self-propelled artilleryPages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
• PLZ-89 – Chinese 122 mm self-propelled howitzer
• 122 mm howitzer 2A18 (D-30) – Soviet towed artillery
• 2S19 Msta
   – Soviet/Russian 152 mm self-propelled howitzerPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
• 2S3 Akatsiya – Russian 152 mm self-propelled howitzer
• 2S35 Koalitsiya-SV – Russian 152 mm self-propelled artillery
• List of artillery
• List of AFVs

Bibliography

• ISBN 978-0080375694
  .
• ISBN 978-0-19-922425-8
  .
• ISBN 978-0-19-856622-9
  .
• International Institute for Strategic Studies (2024). The Military Balance 2024. Taylor & Francis.
  ISBN 978-1-040-05115-3
  .
• Trewhitt, Philip (1999). Armored Fighting Vehicles. New York, NY: Amber Books. p. 124.
  ISBN 0-7607-1260-3
  .