2 Samuel 23
2 Samuel 23 | |
---|---|
Book | Books of Samuel |
Hebrew Bible part | Nevi'im |
Order in the Hebrew part | 3 |
Category | Former Prophets |
Christian Bible part | Old Testament |
Order in the Christian part | 10 |
2 Samuel 23 is the 23rd
Text
The original text of this chapter was written in the Hebrew language. This chapter is divided into 39 verses.
Textual versions
Some ancient witnesses for the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), Aleppo Codex (10th century), Codex Leningradensis (1008).[2] Fragments containing parts of this chapter in Hebrew were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls including 1Q7 (1QSam; 50 BCE) with extant verses 9–12[3][4][5][6] and 4Q51 (4QSama; 100 ‑ 50 BCE) with extant verses 1–6, 14–16, 21–22, 38–39.[3][4][7][8]
There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BC. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; B; 4th century), Codex Sinaiticus (S; BHK: S; 4th century), and Codex Alexandrinus (A; A; 5th century).[9]
Analysis
The
1 Kings 2:1–9 contains David's final words to Solomon, his son and successor as king.
David's last words (23:1–7)
The last words of David do not consist of a blessing (or "benediction") to Israel (unlike the blessing of Jacob in Genesis 49 or the blessing of Moses in Deuteronomy 33), but David is portrayed as a prophet speaking a prophecy (oracle) similar to Moses in Deuteronomy 32–33.[11]
Verse 1
- Now these are the last words of David.
- Thus says David the son of Jesse;
- Thus says the man raised up on high,
- The anointed of the God of Jacob,
- And the sweet psalmist of Israel:[12]
- "Anointed" (2 Samuel 22:51.[11]
- "Psalmist" (Hebrew: זְמִר֥וֹת; zəmirōṯ; from the root word: zamir, translated: "song"):[13] can be rendered as "singer of songs", which refers to David;[14] translated as the "Strong One" in NRSV which is interpreted as an epithet for Yahweh.[11]
David's mighty men (23:8–39)
The list of David's warriors consists of several sections.
See also
- David
- Uriah the Hittite
- Related Bible parts: 2 Samuel 11, 2 Samuel 12, 1 Chronicles 11
References
- ^ a b c d e Jones 2007, p. 229.
- ^ Würthwein 1995, pp. 35–37.
- ^ a b Ulrich 2010, pp. 320–321.
- ^ a b Dead sea scrolls - 2 Samuel
- ^ Fitzmyer 2008, p. 19.
- ^ 1Q7 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Fitzmyer 2008, p. 35.
- ^ 4Q51 at the Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library
- ^ Würthwein 1995, pp. 73–74.
- ^ Jerusalem Bible, footnote at 2 Samuel 23:1
- ^ a b c Coogan 2007, p. 482 Hebrew Bible.
- ^ 2 Samuel 23:1 NKJV
- ^ a b Greek text analysis: 2 Samuel 23:1. Biblehub.com
- ^ Payne 1994, p. 332.
Sources
- ISBN 9780195288810.
- ISBN 9780802862419.
- Jones, Gwilym H. (2007). "12. 1 and 2 Samuel". In Barton, John; Muddiman, John (eds.). The Oxford Bible Commentary (first (paperback) ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 196–232. ISBN 978-0199277186. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
- Payne, D. F. (1994). "1 and 2 Samuel". In ISBN 9780851106489.
- Ulrich, Eugene, ed. (2010). The Biblical Qumran Scrolls: Transcriptions and Textual Variants. Brill.
- ISBN 0-8028-0788-7. Retrieved January 26, 2019.
External links
- Jewish translations:
- Samuel II - II Samuel - Chapter 23 (Judaica Press). Hebrew text and English translation [with Rashi's commentary] at Chabad.org
- Christian translations:
- Online Bible at GospelHall.org (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English)
- 2 Samuel chapter 23 Bible Gateway
- 2 Samuel 23 English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate