319th Operations Group
319th Operations Group | |
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Insignia | |
319th Operations Group emblem[note 1] | |
Postwar 319th Bombardment Group emblem[note 2] |
The 319th Operations Group is a
The group was first activated during
The group was reactivated in the reserve in December 1946. It does not appear to have been fully manned or equipped, and when mobilized in 1951 for the Korean War, its personnel were used to man other units and the group was inactivated. It again became part of the reserve force in 1955 as the 319th Fighter-Bomber Group, but was inactivated in 1957, when the reserves converted to the troop carrier mission. It remained inactive until 1991.
In 2019 the group was reactivated at Grand Forks Air Force Base as the Operations Group in charge of all active duty RQ-4 Global Hawk operations.
History
World War II
The 319th Bombardment Group trained in Louisiana in
After it moved to Algeria as the first Marauder unit in that theater, arriving with just 15 aircraft and losing group commander Col. Alvord Rutherford over France en route, the 319th entered combat for the first time on 28 November, bombing and strafing warehouses, docks, and railroad yards at
In January 1945, the 319th returned to the United States, where it began to train with
Air Force reserve
Initial activation and mobilization for the Korean War
The group was activated again in the
At Mitchel, the group trained under the supervision of the 113th AAF Base Unit (later the 2230 Air Force Reserve Training Center), although it is not clear whether any of its elements were fully manned or equipped during this period. In July 1948
The group moved on paper to
The group activated again about a month later, on 10 October 1949 at
Fighter operations
The reserve mobilization for the Korean War had left the reserve without aircraft, and reserve units did not receive aircraft until July 1952.
Meanwhile, the
Reactivation at Grand Forks
Bomber operations
The group was reactivated at
In July 1992, the Air Force reorganized its combat commands. SAC's The bomber mission and the 319th Wing were assigned to
Air refueling operations
In 1994, the 319th gained the 906th, 911th and 912th Air Refueling Squadrons equipped with KC-135R and KC-135T aircraft.[32][33][34] In its first active years, the group deployed aircrews and aircraft to support Operation Provide Comfort, humanitarian relief to Kurds fleeing Iraq to in Turkey; Operation Southern Watch, enforcing the no fly zone in southern Iraq; Operation Vigilant Warrior, the deployment of forces to Saudi Arabia to counter threats from Iraq; Operation Deny Flight, enforcing the no-fly zone in Bosnia Herzegovina; Operation Uphold Democracy, the removal of a military junta in Haiti; and Operation Constant Vigil, counter-drug operations based in Panama.[31]
Toward the end of 1998 and into 1999, the group deployed resources to the Persian Gulf and Europe in support of
The group's deployments included deployments in which it was the primary force provider for expeditionary operations. In those cases, a 319th Air Expeditionary Group was activated as a provisional unit, deployed to a makeshift tent city somewhere in the arid desert of Southwest Asia. From the start of air operations over Afghanistan 7 October, by 2 November 2001 the 319th Air Expeditionary Group ad flown over 150 sorties and more than 1050 hours; pumping over 1.4 million US gallons (5,300 m3) of gas into more than 450 planes. The expeditionary group includes not only operational, but maintenance organizations. Its deployment location was not officially identified, but is likely to have been
The group began to diminish in size in June 2007, when the 911th Air Refueling Squadron inactivated.[33] The 906th Squadron followed on 2 October 2009,[32] and the 912th on 1 October 2010.[34] The group's first refueling squadron, the 905th, was the last operational squadron of the group. The wing frequently deployed elements to Southwest Asia, occasionally being the major force provider for the 319th Air Expeditionary Group. They both inactivated on 31 December 2010, as manned flying operations ended at Grand Forks.[36][37]
Lineage
- Established as the 319th Bombardment Group (Medium) on 19 June 1942
- Activated on 26 June 1942
- Redesignated 319th Bombardment Group, Medium on 20 August 1943
- Redesignated 319th Bombardment Group, Light on 3 February 1945
- Inactivated on 18 December 1945
- Activated in the reserve on 27 December 1946
- Inactivated on 2 September 1949
- Activated in the Reserve on 10 October 1949
- Ordered to active duty on 10 March 1951
- Inactivated on 22 March 1951
- Redesignated 319th Fighter-Bomber Group on 12 April 1955
- Activated in the reserve on 18 May 1955[38]
- Inactivated on 16 November 1957
- Redesignated 319th Bombardment Group, Heavy on 31 July 1985 (remained inactive)
- Redesignated 319th Operations Group on 29 August 1991
- Activated on 1 September 1991
- Inactivated on 31 December 2010[37]
- Reactivated in 2019
Assignments
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Components
- 4th Reconnaissance Squadron: 23 July 2020 – present
- 7th Reconnaissance Squadron: 28 June 2019 - present
- 12th Reconnaissance Squadron: 28 June 2019 - present
- 18th Airborne Command and Control Squadron: 10 February 2023 - present
- 46th Bombardment Squadron (later 46th Fighter-Bomber Squadron, 46th Bomb Squadron): 16 April 1947 – 2 September 1949; 10 October 1949 – 22 March 1951; 18 May 1955 – 16 November 1957; 1 September 1991 – 1 October 1993
- 50th Bombardment Squadron (later 50th Fighter-Bomber Squadron): 16 April 1947 – 2 September 1949; 10 October 1949 – 22 March 1951; 8 June–18 November 1957[7]
- 51st Bombardment Squadron: 8 July 1947 – 2 September 1949; 10 October 1949 – 22 March 1951[8]
- 59th Bombardment Squadron: 8 July 1947 – 2 September 1949; 10 October 1949 – 22 March 1951[9]
- 348th Reconnaissance Squadron: 28 June 2019 – present
- 437th Bombardment Squadron: 26 June 1942 – 18 December 1945[3]
- 438th Bombardment Squadron: 26 June 1942 – 13 December 1945[4]
- 439th Bombardment Squadron: 26 June 1942 – 18 December 1945[5]
- 440th Bombardment Squadron: 26 June 1942 – 18 December 1945[6]
- 905th Air Refueling Squadron: 1 September 1991 – 1 June 1992; 1 October 1993 – 31 December 2010[36]
- 906th Air Refueling Squadron: 30 January 1994 – 2 October 2009[32]
- 911th Air Refueling Squadron: 29 April 1994 – 30 June 2007[33]
- 912th Air Refueling Squadron: 1 April 1994 – 1 October 2010[34]
Stations
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|
Aircraft
- Martin B-26 Marauder, 1942–1944[1]
- North American B-25 Mitchell, 1944[1]
- Douglas A-26 Invader, 1945,[1] by 1949–1951[16]
- North American T-6 Texan, by 1949–1951[16]
- Beechcraft T-7 Navigator, by 1949–1951[16]
- Beechcraft T-11 Kansan, by 1949–1951[16]
- Lockheed T-33 T-Bird, 1955–1957[16]
- Republic F-84 Thunderjet, 1955–1957[16]
- North American F-86 Sabre, 1955–1957[16]
- Rockwell B-1B Lancer, 1991–1993
- Beechcraft C-12 Huron 1991–1995
- Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker, 1991–1992, 1993–2010
- Northrop Grumman RQ-4 Global Hawk, 2019-present
See also
- List of Martin B-26 Marauder operators
- 514th Air Service GroupWorld War II support organization for the group
References
Notes
- Explanatory notes
- ^ When assigned to the 319th Wing, the group uses the wing emblem with the group designation on the scroll. Air Force Instruction 84–105, Organizational Lineage, Honors and Heraldry, 19 March 2013, para 3.3.3.
- ^ This emblem was used during the war in a slightly different form. The shield was straight-sided and there were no scrolls. Watkins, pp. 82–83.
- 22d Antisubmarine Squadronand was then disbanded. Maurer, Combat Squadrons, pp. 114–115.
- ^ The 319th Bomb Group was a new organization, and not related to the 319th Operations Group, despite the similarity of its name to 319th Bombardment Group.
- Citations
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Maurer, Combat Units, pp. 198–199
- ^ a b c "319th Bombardment Group". Retrieved 27 March 2020.
- ^ a b Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 541
- ^ a b Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 542
- ^ a b Maurer, Combat Squadrons, pp. 543–544
- ^ a b Maurer, Combat Squadrons, pp. 544–545
- ^ a b c Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 215
- ^ a b Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 217
- ^ a b Maurer, Combat Squadrons, pp. 232–233
- ^ "Abstract, Mission Project Closeup, Continental Air Command". Air Force History Index. 27 December 1961. Retrieved 24 March 2014.
- ^ Knaack, p. 25
- ^ Cantwell, p. 73
- ^ Maurer, Combat Units, pp. 150–151
- ^ Ravenstein, pp. 85–86
- ^ Maurer, Combat Units, pp. 202–203
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Ravenstein, pp. 168–169
- ^ Cantwell, p. 74
- ^ Maurer, Combat Units, pp. 20–21
- ^ Cantwell, p. 87
- ^ Cantwell, pp. 96, 137
- ^ Cantwell, p. 139
- ^ Cantwell, p. 146
- ^ a b 'Cantwell, p. 152
- ^ Cantwell, p. 148
- ^ Cantwell, pp. 156, 169
- ^ Cantwell, p. 168
- ^ Cantwell, pp. 168–169
- ^ Haulman, Daniel L. (28 December 2007). "445 Operations Group (AFRC)". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
- ^ History of Grand Forks, pp. 9–10
- ^ History of Grand Forks, p.14
- ^ a b History of Grand Forks, p.10
- ^ a b c Robertson, Patsy (6 April 2012). "Factsheet 906 Air Refueling Squadron (AMC)". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Archived from the original on 5 March 2014. Retrieved 24 February 2014.
- ^ a b c Robertson, Patsy (13 May 2008). "Factsheet 911 Air Refueling Squadron (AMC)". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Retrieved 9 January 2018.
- ^ a b c Robertson, Patsy (26 April 2011). "Factsheet 912 Air Refueling Squadron (AMC)". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Archived from the original on 13 April 2014. Retrieved 9 April 2014.
- ^ History of Grand Forks, p.11
- ^ a b No byline (31 March 2008). "Factsheet 905 Air Refueling Squadron (AMC)". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Archived from the original on 2 March 2014. Retrieved 23 February 2014.
- ^ a b c Research Division, Air Force Historical Research Agency, Air Force Organization Change Status Report, December 2010, Maxwell AFB, AL
- ^ Lineage through 1957 in Maurer, Combat Units, pp. 198–199.
- ^ "Factsheet 47 Air Division". Air Force Historical Research Agency. 5 October 2007. Archived from the original on 17 October 2012. Retrieved 4 April 2014.
- ^ "Factsheet 42 Air Division". Air Force Historical Research Agency. 5 October 2007. Archived from the original on 20 October 2012. Retrieved 4 April 2014.
- ^ "Factsheet 57 Air Division". Air Force Historical Research Agency. 5 October 2007. Archived from the original on 13 October 2012. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
- ^ "Factsheet 4 Air Division". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Archived from the original on 30 October 2012. Retrieved 12 March 2014.
- ^ a b Station number in Anderson.
Bibliography
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency
- Anderson, Capt. Barry (1985). Army Air Forces Stations: A Guide to the Stations Where U.S. Army Air Forces Personnel Served in the United Kingdom During World War II (PDF). Maxwell AFB, AL: Research Division, USAF Historical Research Center. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 January 2016. Retrieved 28 June 2017.
- Cantwell, Gerald T. (1997). Citizen Airmen: a History of the Air Force Reserve, 1946–1994. Washington, D.C.: Air Force History and Museums Program. ISBN 0-16049-269-6. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
- Johnson, 1st Lt. David C. (1988). U.S. Army Air Forces Continental Airfields (ETO) D-Day to V-E Day (PDF). Maxwell AFB, AL: Research Division, USAF Historical Research Center. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 September 2015. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - Knaack, Marcelle Size (1978). Encyclopedia of US Air Force Aircraft and Missile Systems (PDF). Vol. 2, Post-World War II Bombers 1945–1973. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-59-5. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
- Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983) [1961]. Air Force Combat Units of World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. LCCN 61060979.
- Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) [1969]. Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. OCLC 72556. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
- Ravenstein, Charles A. (1984). Air Force Combat Wings, Lineage & Honors Histories 1947–1977. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-12-9.
- Anonymous (2007). History of Grand Forks Air Force Base and the 319th Air Refueling Wing (PDF). Grand Forks AFB, SD: Wing Command Section, 319th Air Refueling Wing. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 December 2013.
External links
- Media related to 319th Bombardment Group (United States Army Air Forces) at Wikimedia Commons
- 319th Bombardment Group Digital Collection at The University of Akron Archival Services