338th Bombardment Group
| 338th Bombardment Group | |
|---|---|
P-39 Airacobras of the 338th Fighter Group at Dale Mabry Field in 1942 | |
| Active | 1942–1944; 1947–1949 |
| Country |  United States |
| Branch |  United States Air Force |
| Role | Bombardment |
| Part of | Continental Air Command |
| Motto(s) | Ad Metam – To The Goal |
| Insignia | |
| 338th Bombardment Group emblem (approved 14 November 1942)[1] |  |
The 338th Bombardment Group is a disbanded United States Air Force unit. It was last active with Continental Air Command at O'Hare International Airport, Illinois on 27 June 1949. It was first activated during World War II as the 338th Fighter Group and served primarily as a training unit until it was disbanded in 1944. The group was reconstituted in the reserves in 1947, but was inactivated when military spending was reduced in 1949.
History
World War II
The
305th, 306th, and 312th Fighter Squadrons were assigned as its operational elements.[2][3][4] The group initially flew a mix of Bell P-39 Airacobras, Curtiss P-40 Warhawks, Republic P-47 Thunderbolts and North American P-51 Mustangs.[1]
The group's mission was to act as a Replacement Training Unit (RTU). RTUs were oversized units that trained individual
Perry Army Air Field, Florida.[1][2][3][4][6] After September 1943, the group focused on P-47 training,[1] although it also had some P-40s again in 1944.[6]
However, the
tables of organization were not proving well adapted to the training mission. Accordingly it adopted a more functional system for its training bases in which each base was organized into a separate numbered unit.[7]
The group and its squadrons were disbanded in May 1944,[1] and its personnel, equipment and mission at Dale Mabry Field transferred to 335th Army Air Force Base Unit (Replacement Training Unit, Fighter), while units at Perry were blended into the 342d AAF Base Unit (Replacement Training Unit, Fighter).
Air reserves
The group was reconstituted in 1947 and activated in the
Air Defense Command (ADC)'s 141st AAF Base Unit (Reserve Training) (later the 2471st Air Force Reserve Flying Training Center), although it does not appear that it was fully manned or equipped.[13]
In July 1948
437th Troop Carrier Wing.[1][17] The 561st Squadron in Wisconsin was also inactivated, but its inactivation temporarily ended reserve flying operations there.[15][18]
Lineage
- Constituted as the 338th Fighter Group on 16 July 1942
- Activated on 22 July 1942
- Disbanded on 4 May 1944
- Reconstituted and redesignated 338th Bombardment Group, Very Heavy, on 5 May 1947
- Activated on 12 June 1947
- Inactivated on 27 June 1949[19]
- Disbanded 9 September 1992
Assignments
- III Fighter Command, 22 July 1942 – 4 May 1944
- 73d Bombardment Wing (later 73d Air Division), 12 June 1947 – 27 June 1949[20]
Components
- 42d Fighter Squadron: 15 October 1947 – 27 June 1949[12]
- 305th Fighter Squadron: 16 July 1942 – 1 May 1944[2]
- 306th Fighter Squadron: 16 July 1942 – 1 May 1944[3]
- 312th Fighter Squadron: 16 July 1942 – 1 May 1944[4]
- 441st Fighter Squadron: 21 February 1943 – 1 May 1944[6]
- 560th Bombardment Squadron: 30 September 1947 – 27 June 1949[11]
- 561st Bombardment Squadron: 12 June 1947 – 27 June 1949[8]
- 562d Bombardment Squadron: 12 June 1947 – 27 June 1949[9]
- 563d Bombardment Squadron: 12 June 1947 – 27 June 1949[10]
Stations
- Dale Mabry Field, Florida, 22 July 1942 – 1 May 1944
- Orchard Place Airport (later O'Hare International Airport), Illinois, 12 June 1947 – 27 June 1949[1]
Aircraft
- Bell P-39 Airacobra, 1942–1944
- Curtiss P-40 Warhawk, 1942–1943, 1944[2]
- Republic P-47 Thunderbolt, 1942–1944
- North American P-51 Mustang, 1942–1943[1]
Campaigns
| Service Streamer | Campaign | Dates | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
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American Theater without inscription | 22 July 1942 – 1 May 1944 | 338th Fighter Group[1] |
See also
References
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Maurer, Combat Units, pp. 217–218
- ^ a b c d Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 369
- ^ a b c Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 370
- ^ a b c Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 379
- ^ Craven & Cate, Introduction, p. xxxvi
- ^ a b c d Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p 546
- ^ Goss, p. 75
- ^ a b Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p.660
- ^ a b Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p.661
- ^ a b Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p.661-662
- ^ a b Robertson, Patsy (6 September 2012). "Factsheet 560 Flying Training Squadron (AETC)". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Retrieved 20 September 2018.
- ^ a b Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 195
- ^ See Maurer, Combat Units, p. 217. (No aircraft listed for group during this period).
- ^ "Abstract, Mission Project Closeup, Continental Air Command". Air Force History Index. 27 December 1961. Retrieved 24 March 2014.
- ^ a b Bailey, Carl E. (6 March 2009). "Factsheet 561 Joint Tactics Squadron (ACC)". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
- ^ Knaack, p. 25
- ^ Ravenstein, pp. 233–234
- ^ Ravenstein, pp. 234–236
- ^ Lineage through 1949 in Maurer, Combat Units, p.217
- ^ Maurer, Combat Units, pp. 406–407
Bibliography
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency
- Cantwell, Gerald T. (1997). Citizen Airmen: a History of the Air Force Reserve, 1946–1994. Washington, D.C.: Air Force History and Museums Program. ISBN 0-16049-269-6. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
- Craven, Wesley F; Cate, James L, eds. (1955). The Army Air Forces in World War II (PDF). Vol. VI, Men & Planes. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. OCLC 704158. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
- Goss, William A. (1955). "The Organization and its Responsibilities, Chapter 2 The AAF". In Craven, Wesley F.; Cate, James L. (eds.). The Army Air Forces in World War II (PDF). Vol. VI, Men & Planes. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. OCLC 704158. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
- Goss, William A. (1955). "The Organization and its Responsibilities, Chapter 2 The AAF". In Craven, Wesley F.; Cate, James L. (eds.). The Army Air Forces in World War II (PDF). Vol. VI, Men & Planes. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
- Knaack, Marcelle Size (1978). Encyclopedia of US Air Force Aircraft and Missile Systems (PDF). Vol. 2, Post-World War II Bombers 1945–1973. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-59-5. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
- Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983) [1961]. Air Force Combat Units of World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. LCCN 61060979. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
- Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) [1969]. Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. OCLC 72556. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
- Ravenstein, Charles A. (1984). Air Force Combat Wings, Lineage & Honors Histories 1947–1977. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-12-9. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
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