44th Canadian Parliament

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

44th
Monarch
Elizabeth II
6 Feb 1952 – 8 Sep 2022
Charles III
8 Sep 2022 – present
Governor
General
HE Rt. Hon. Mary Simon
26 July 2021 – present
Sessions
1st session
22 November 2021 – present
← 43rd → 
45th

The 44th Canadian Parliament is the session of the Parliament of Canada which began on 22 November 2021, with the membership of the House of Commons, having been determined by the results of the 2021 federal election held on 20 September. Parliament officially resumed on 22 November with the re-election of Speaker Anthony Rota, and the Speech from the Throne read by Governor General Mary Simon the following day.

It is led by a Liberal Party minority government under the premiership of Justin Trudeau. Six months into the first session on 22 March 2022 it was announced that the New Democratic Party would henceforth support the government with confidence and supply measures.[1][2] The support was contingent on the government implementing a pharmacare program and a dental care program. The temporary Canada Dental Benefit was established in December 2022, and the permanent Canadian Dental Care Plan began rolling out in December 2023.[3][4]

Current leadership of the House of Commons

Presiding officer

Office Photo Party Officer Riding Since
Speaker of the House of Commons Liberal Greg Fergus Hull—Aylmer
3 October 2023

Government leadership (Liberal)

Office Photo Officer Riding Since
Leader Justin Trudeau Justin Trudeau Papineau 14 April 2013
Deputy Leader Chrystia Freeland Chrystia Freeland University-Rosedale 20 November 2019
House Leader Karina Gould Karina Gould Burlington 26 July 2023
Whip Steven MacKinnon Gatineau 28 October 2021
Caucus Chair Brenda Shanahan Châteauguay—Lacolle 28 November 2021

Opposition leadership (Conservative)

Office Photo Officer Riding Since
Leader Pierre Poilievre Pierre Poilivevre Carleton 10 September 2022
Deputy Leaders Melissa Lantsman Melissa Lantsman Thornhill 10 September 2022
Tim Uppal Tim Uppal
Edmonton Mill Woods
House Leader Andrew Scheer Andrew Scheer Regina—Qu'Appelle 13 September 2022
Deputy House Leader Luc Berthold Luc Berthold Mégantic—L'Érable 13 September 2022
Whip Kerry-Lynne Findlay Kerry-Lynne Findlay South Surrey—White Rock 13 September 2022
Deputy Whip and question period Coordinator Chris Warkentin Chris Warkentin
Grande Prairie-Mackenzie
13 September 2022
Caucus Chair Scott Reid Scott Reid Lanark—Frontenac—Kingston 13 September 2022
Caucus Party Liaison Eric Duncan Eric Duncan Stormont—Dundas—South Glengarry 13 September 2022
Caucus Committee Coordinator Jake Stewart Miramichi—Grand Lake 13 September 2022
Québec Lieutenant Pierre Paul-Hus Pierre Paul-Hus Charlesbourg-Haute-Saint-Charles 13 September 2022

Current leadership of the Senate

Presiding officer

Office Photo Party Officer Province Since
Speaker of the Senate Non-affiliated Raymonde Gagné Manitoba 12 May 2023

Government leadership (non-affiliated)

Office Officer Province Since
Government Representative in the Senate Marc Gold Quebec 24 January 2020
Legislative Deputy to the Government Representative in the Senate Patti LaBoucane-Benson Alberta N/A
Government Liaison in the Senate Michèle Audette Quebec 9 August 2023

Opposition leadership (Conservative)

Office Photo Officer Province Since
Leader of the Opposition Don Plett Manitoba 5 November 2019
Deputy leader of the Opposition Yonah Martin British Columbia November 2015
Whip of the Opposition Judith Seidman Quebec N/A
Deputy Whip of the Opposition Leo Housakos Quebec N/A
Chair of the Conservative Caucus Rose-May Poirier New Brunswick December 2019

Timeline

2021

2022

2023

2024

Changes in MPs

Changes in seats held (2021–present)
Seat Before Change
Date Member Party Reason Date Member Party
Spadina—Fort York 22 November 2021 Kevin Vuong  Liberal Excluded from caucus[19]  Independent
Mississauga—Lakeshore 27 May 2022 Sven Spengemann  Liberal Resigned to accept a position with the United Nations[20][21] 12 December 2022[22] Charles Sousa  Liberal
Richmond—Arthabaska 13 September 2022 Alain Rayes  Conservative Left caucus[23]  Independent
Winnipeg South Centre 12 December 2022 Jim Carr  Liberal Died in office[24] 19 June 2023 Ben Carr  Liberal
Calgary Heritage 31 December 2022 Bob Benzen  Conservative Resigned to return to the private sector[25] 24 July 2023 Shuvaloy Majumdar  Conservative
Oxford 28 January 2023 Dave MacKenzie  Conservative Retiring[26] 19 June 2023 Arpan Khanna  Conservative
Portage—Lisgar 28 February 2023 Candice Bergen  Conservative Resignation[27] 19 June 2023 Branden Leslie  Conservative
Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Westmount 8 March 2023 Marc Garneau  Liberal Retiring[28] 19 June 2023 Anna Gainey  Liberal
Don Valley North 22 March 2023 Han Dong  Liberal Left caucus[29]  Independent
Durham 1 August 2023 Erin O'Toole  Conservative Resignation 4 March 2024 Jamil Jivani  Conservative
Toronto—St. Paul's 16 January 2024 Carolyn Bennett  Liberal Resignation[30]
LaSalle—Émard—Verdun 1 February 2024 David Lametti  Liberal Resignation to join law firm[31]
Elmwood—Transcona 31 March 2024 Daniel Blaikie  New Democratic Resigning to work with Premier of Manitoba Wab Kinew[32]

Membership changes

House of Commons

Number of members
per party by date
2021 2022 2023 2024
Sep 20 Mar 22 May 27 Sep 13 Dec 31 Jan 28 Feb 28 Mar 8 Mar 22 Jun 19 Jul 24 Aug 1 Jan 16 Feb 1 Mar 4
Liberal 159 158[a] 157 156 158 157 156
Conservative 119 118 117 116 115 117 118 117 118
Bloc Québécois 32
New Democratic 25
Green 2
Independent 1 2 3
  Total members 338 337 336 335 334 333 337 338 337 336 335 336
Government majority -20 -21[a] -19 -18 -19 -21 -22 -21 -22 -23 -24
  Government majority
with C & S measures[b]
N/A[b] 30 29 31 32 31 29 28 29 28 27 26
Vacant 0 1[a] 2 3 4 5 1 0 1 2 3 2
  1. ^ a b c The Liberals briefly fell to 157 seats on December 12, 2022, during the period between Jim Carr's death and Charles Sousa's by-election victory in Mississauga—Lakeshore. During this period the government majority shrunk to -22, and the number of vacant seats rose to 2.
  2. ^
    confidence and supply agreement
    on 22 March 2022.

Senate

Number of members
per group by date
2021 2022 2023
Sep 20 Sep 27 Oct 6 Oct 7 Oct 8 Oct 18 Oct 31 Nov 20 Jan 3 Feb 4 Mar 14 Mar 18 May 6 Jun 3 Jun 27 Aug 4 Sep 26 Oct 2 Oct 24 Nov 10 Nov 21 Jan 10 Jan 12 Jan 24 Jan 31 Feb 9 Feb 21 Feb 23 Feb 28 May 3 May 12 May 15 Jul 6 Jul 11 Aug 9 Sep 7 Sep 15 Sep 19 Oct 25 Oct 31
Independent Senators Group 40 41 42 43 44 43 42 41 40 39 40 39 38 37 38 39
Conservative 18 17 16 15
Progressive Senate Group 14 13 14 13 12 13 12 11
  Canadian Senators Group 13 12 13 12 13 12 11 12 13 14 15
Non-affiliated 9 8 7 6 5 6 7 9 10 11 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 10 9 11 12 11 10 9 14
  Total members 94 93 92 91 90 89 88 90 89 90 93 91 90 89 91 90 89 91 90 89 94
Vacant 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 15 16 15 12 14 15 16 14 15 16 14 15 16 11
Number of members
per group by date
2023 2024
Nov 8 Nov 22 Dec 14 Dec 15 Dec 20 Dec 27 Dec 30 Jan 10 Jan 15 Jan 17 Jan 22 Jan 28 Jan 30 Feb 6 Feb 12 Feb 13
Independent Senators Group 39 40 41 40 39
  Canadian Senators Group 16 15 16 17
Conservative 15 14
Progressive Senate Group 12 13 14
Non-affiliated 13 12 11 10 13 12 11 10 11 12 11 12 13
  Total members 94 97 96 95 96 97 96 97
Vacant 11 8 9 10 9 8 9 8


Party standings

Standings in the 44th Canadian Parliament
Affiliation House members Senate members
2021 election
results
Current +/– On election
day 2021
Current[33] +/–
Liberal 160 156 Decrease 4 Steady
Conservative 119 118 Decrease 1 18 14 Decrease 4
Bloc Québécois 32 32 Steady Steady
New Democratic 25 25 Steady Steady
Green 2 2 Steady Steady
Independent 0 3 Increase 3 9 13 Increase 4
Independent Senators Group Steady 40 39 Decrease 1
Progressive Senate Group Steady 14 14 Steady
Canadian Senators Group Steady 13 17 Increase 4
Total members 338 336 Decrease 2 94 97 Increase 3
Vacant 2 Increase 2 11 8 Decrease 3
Total seats 338 105


Legislation

With the Liberal Party and NDP entering into a confidence and supply agreement on budgetary items and motions of confidence, the final component of the 2021 budget (Bill C-8) was adopted in June 2022. Among other provisions, Bill C-8 enacted the Underused Housing Tax Act, created a new tax credit to return carbon tax paid by farmers, created the COVID-19 Air Quality Improvement Tax Credit, and expanded both the School Supplies Tax Credit and the northern residents deduction amount.[34] Similarly, the 2022 budget was implemented in Bills C-19 and C-32. Among other provisions, Bill C-19 doubled the Home Accessibility Tax Credit, created the Labour Mobility Deduction for tradespeople, made vaping products subject to excise duties, removed excise duties from low-alcohol beer, removed the excise duty exemption that had applied to Canadian wine as directed by the WTO, and amended the Copyright Act as agreed to in the Canada-United States–Mexico Agreement, and criminalized Holocaust denial. Bill C-19 also enacted the Civil Lunar Gateway Agreement Implementation Act; the Prohibition on the Purchase of Residential Property by Non-Canadians Act; and the Select Luxury Items Tax Act to create a new sales tax applicable to luxury cars, planes and boats; and also repealed the Safe Drinking Water for First Nations Act.[35] Bill C-32 created the First Home Savings Account as a new registered savings plan and the Multigenerational Home Renovation Tax Credit; made income derived from house-flipping into business income for taxation purposes; created a temporary 15% tax on the taxable income of banks that exceeded $1 billion; and, in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, increased maximum financial assistance that can be provided to foreign states from US$5 billion to C$14 billion.[36] In other legislation, Bill C-11 adopted the Online Streaming Act and Bill C-18 adopted the Online News Act.

On healthcare, the Canada Dental Benefit was created with Bill C-31 with the Liberals, NDP and Green Party in support, and Conservatives and Bloc opposed.[37] With all party support, Bill C-10 directed $2.5 billion be paid for COVID testing purposes; Bill C-12 amended guaranteed income supplements to exclude payments received from the Emergency Response Benefit, the Recovery Benefit and the Worker Lockdown Benefit.[38][39] With both the NDP and Conservatives opposing, Bill C-2 enacted the Canada Worker Lockdown Benefit Act and extended various other COVID-related benefit programs.[40] On public safety and crime, with all party support, Bill C-3 inserted a new offence into the Criminal Code regarding intimidation of a person seeking health services and obstruction of lawful access to a place at which health services are provided.[41] Bill C-28 was adopted in response to R v Brown (2022) addressing self-induced extreme intoxication.[42]

See also

References

  1. ^ Blatchford, Andy (22 March 2022). "Trudeau will be prime minister until 2025". POLITICO.
  2. ^ Scherer, Steve; Shakil, Ismail (22 March 2022). "Canada's Trudeau strikes surprise deal to keep power until 2025". Reuters. Retrieved 22 March 2022.
  3. ^ Wilson, Jim (19 January 2024). "11.4 million uninsured Canadians to be excluded from national public dental care plan: Report". Canadian HR Reporter. KM Business Information Canada. Retrieved 2 February 2024.
  4. ^ Rachini, Mouhamad (12 December 2023). "Canada's new dental care plan could impact nearly 9 million Canadians — are you one of them?". CBC News. Retrieved 31 January 2024.
  5. ^ Tasker, John Paul (20 September 2021). "Canadians have re-elected a Liberal minority government". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  6. ^ Catharine Tunney (25 October 2021). "Anand to defence, Joly to foreign affairs: Trudeau announces major cabinet shakeup". CBC. Retrieved 25 October 2021.
  7. ^ "NewsAlert: MPs re-elect Liberal Anthony Rota to be House of Commons Speaker". INFOnews. Retrieved 22 November 2021.
  8. ^ Tasker, John Paul (2 February 2022). "Conservative MPs vote to remove Erin O'Toole as leader". CBC News. Retrieved 2 February 2022.
  9. ^ Major, Darren (21 February 2022). "Emergencies Act passes crucial House of Commons vote with NDP support". CBC News. Retrieved 21 February 2022.
  10. ^ "MOTION TO CONFIRM THE DECLARATION OF A PUBLIC ORDER EMERGENCY WITHDRAWN" (PDF). Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). Canada: Senate of Canada. 23 February 2022. p. 686.
  11. ^ Aiello, Rachel (22 March 2022). "Liberals, NDP agree to confidence deal seeing Trudeau government maintain power until 2025". CTV News. Retrieved 22 March 2022.
  12. ^ Tasker, John Paul (10 September 2022). "Conservative members pick MP Pierre Poilievre to be their new leader". CBC News. Archived from the original on 10 September 2022. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
  13. ^ "Leadership Contest Announcement".
  14. ^ "Former Conservative leader Erin O'Toole not seeking re-election, leaving this spring". ctvnews.ca. 31 March 2023. Archived from the original on 31 March 2023.
  15. ^ @erinotoole (31 March 2023). "A statement from the Hon. Erin O'Toole, P.C., C.D., M.P." (Tweet). Archived from the original on 31 March 2023 – via Twitter.
  16. ^ "Trudeau overhauls his cabinet, drops 7 ministers and shuffles most portfolios". CBC. 26 July 2023. Retrieved 6 August 2023.
  17. ^ a b "Anthony Rota resigns as Speaker after honouring Ukrainian veteran who fought with Nazi unit". CBC News. 26 September 2023. Retrieved 27 September 2023.
  18. ^ "Liberal MP Greg Fergus elected Speaker of the House of Commons". CBC. 3 October 2023. Retrieved 11 February 2024.
  19. ^ Burke, Ashley (22 September 2021). "Expelled Liberal candidate says he'll sit as an Independent as angry voters call for byelection". CBC News.
  20. ^ "Mississauga Liberal MP resigns to work for United Nations less than a year after re-election". Mississauga.com. 19 May 2022. Retrieved 29 May 2022.
  21. ^ "Sven Spengemann – Member of Parliament – Members of Parliament". House of Commons of Canada. Retrieved 29 May 2022.
  22. ^ "Liberal Charles Sousa wins federal byelection in Mississauga-Lakeshore, CBC News projects". CBC News. 12 December 2022. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
  23. ^ Connolly, Amanda; Boutilier, Alex. "Quebec MP Alain Rayes leaves Conservative caucus after Poilievre victory". Global News. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
  24. ^ Elections Canada (16 December 2022). "A Federal Seat is Vacant in Winnipeg South Centre". Retrieved 12 March 2023.
  25. ^ Elections Canada (5 January 2023). "A Federal Seat is Vacant in Calgary Heritage". Retrieved 12 March 2023.
  26. ^ Elections Canada (2 February 2023). "A Federal Seat is Vacant in Oxford". Retrieved 12 March 2023.
  27. ^ Elections Canada (2 March 2023). "A By-Election Will Take Place in Portage–Lisgar". Retrieved 12 March 2023.
  28. ^ Elections Canada (10 March 2023). "A By-Election Will Take Place in Notre-Dame-de-Grâce–Westmount". Retrieved 12 March 2023.
  29. ^ Catharine Tunney (22 March 2023). "MP Han Dong leaving Liberal caucus, denies allegations of working against release of 2 Michaels". CBC News. Retrieved 3 April 2023.
  30. ^ "Carolyn Bennett, longtime Liberal MP and cabinet minister, stepping down | Globalnews.ca".
  31. ^ Merkowsky, Clare Marie (26 January 2024). "Trudeau's former Justice Minister resigns from Parliament days after Emergencies Act ruling".
  32. ^ Kives, Bartley (28 February 2024). "Winnipeg MP Daniel Blaikie resigning from Elmwood-Transcona seat to work for Manitoba premier". CBC News.
  33. ^ "Standings in the Senate". Senate of Canada. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
  34. ^ Barton, Andrew; Capwell, Brett; Kachulis, Eleni; Léonard, André; Malo, Joëlle (12 January 2022). "Legislative Summary of Bill C-8: An Act to implement certain provisions of the economic and fiscal update tabled in Parliament on December 14, 2021 and other measures". Library of Parliament.
  35. ^ Barton, Andrew; Béchard, Julie; et al. (30 May 2022). "Legislative Summary of Bill C-19: An Act to implement certain provisions of the budget tabled in Parliament on 7 April 2022 and other measures" (PDF). Library of Parliament.
  36. ^ Fleury, Sylvain; Blackshaw, Matthew; et al. (30 December 2022). "An Act to implement certain provisions of the Fall Economic Statement Tabled in Parliament on November 3, 2022 and Certain Provisions of the Budget Tabled in Parliament on April 7, 2022" (PDF). Library of Parliament.
  37. ^ Aiello, Rachel (17 November 2022). "A national dental-care benefit is now law; here's who is eligible". CTV News.
  38. ^ "Legislation to increase access to rapid testing across the country receives Royal Assent". Government of Canada. 4 March 2022.
  39. ^ "Legislation to support low-income seniors who received pandemic benefits receives royal assent". Government of Canada. 3 March 2022.
  40. ^ Kachulis, Eleni; Keenan-Pelletier, Michaela; Malo, Joëlle; Tiedemann, Marlisa; Yon, Adriane (1 February 2022). "Legislative Summary of Bill C-2: An Act to Provide Further Support in Response to COVID-19" (PDF). Library of Parliament.
  41. ^ "How Bill C-3 can work for you: What the anti-harassment law means for doctors". Canadian Medical Association. 12 January 2023.
  42. ^ Eñano, Katrina (28 June 2022). "Bill abolishing 'self-induced extreme intoxication' as legal defence receives royal assent".

External links