485th Air Expeditionary Wing
485th Air Expeditionary Wing Air Force Outstanding Unit Award | |
---|---|
Insignia | |
485th Air Expeditionary Wing emblem[note 1][1] | |
Patch with 585th Tactical Missile Group emblem[note 2] | |
Patch with later unofficial 485th Bombardment Group emblem[2][note 3] | |
Early unofficial 485th Bombardment Group emblem[2] | |
World War II Tail Markings[2] | Top: Yellow with Black Square. Bottom: Black with Yellow X |
The 485th Air Expeditionary Wing is a provisional
The wing was first activated as the 485th Bombardment Group, a
The second forerunner of the wing was the 585th Tactical Missile Group, which was stationed at
In 1983, the two groups were consolidated as the 485th Tactical Missile Wing, a
Overview
When activated in 2003, the 485 AEW was a composite wing of 24
The wing was activated for
By 3 May 2003, the C-130 portion of the wing had flown 1199 missions, 3354 sorties, 7451 hours, hauled 9382 tons of cargo and 8800 passengers, and boasted a mission capable rate greater than 90 percent. When the F-15s completed flight operations 17 April they had compiled 581 sorties, flown more than 4000 hours and maintained a mission capable rate greater than 83 percent.[citation needed]
The wing was inactivated in early May 2003 with the last members returning to the United States in September of that year.[citation needed]
History
World War II
The
Although the ground echelon had deployed to Southern Italy by April 1944, the air echelon was detained in Tunisia for further training. The group entered combat with
The group received a
The 485th returned to the United States in May 1945 and was programmed for deployment to the
The group remained on active duty after the
Matador and Mace era
In 1954 USAF began deploying
Shortly after activation the group began upgrading its TM-61A missiles to TM-61Cs.
In 1958, USAFE replaced the 701st wing with the
The group replaced its Matadors with
Ground Launched Cruise Missile era
The 485th Tactical Missile Wing was activated at
The wing and its base were the target of periodic peace movement protests near the main gate.[21] In August 1988 a ten-man Soviet Inspection Team visited Florennes to insure treaty compliance.[22] The wing was inactivated in 1989 with the withdrawal of American forces from Florennes.[1]
Lineage
485th Bombardment Group
- Constituted as 485th Bombardment Group (Heavy) on 14 September 1943
- Activated on 20 September 1943
- Redesignated 485th Bombardment Group, Heavy on 25 January 1944
- Redesignated 485th Bombardment Group, Very Heavy on 5 August 1945
- Inactivated on 4 August 1946[23]
585th Tactical Missile Group
- Constituted as 585th Tactical Missile Group on 3 August 1956
- Activated on 15 September 1956
- Inactivated on 25 September 1962[24]
485th Air Expeditionary Wing
- 485th Bombardment Group and 585th Tactical Missile Group consolidated on 19 December 1983 as the 485th Tactical Missile Wing
- Activated on 1 August 1984
- Inactivated on 30 September 1989
- Redesignated 485th Air Expeditionary Wing and converted to provisional status 30 January 2003[24]
- c. 4 March 2003 – c. May 2003[4]
Assignments
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|
Components
Groups
- 485th Combat Support Group: 1 October 1984 – 30 April 1989
- 485th Security Police Group: 1 October 1984 – 30 April 1989
Squadrons
Tactical Squadrons
- 1st Tactical Missile Squadron: 15 September 1956 – 18 June 1958[24]
- 71st Tactical Missile Squadron: 18 June 1958 – 25 September 1962;[25] 1 August 1984 – 30 April 1989[24]
- 506th Bombardment Squadron: 7 March 1946 – 4 August 1946
- 828th Bombardment Squadron: 20 September 1943 – 4 August 1946[7]
- 829th Bombardment Squadron: 20 September 1943 – 4 August 1946[7]
- 830th Bombardment Squadron: 20 September 1943 – 6 May 1946[7]
- 831st Bombardment Squadron: 1 October 1943 – 20 August 1945[7]
Support Squadrons
- 585th Command and Guidance Squadron (Tactical Missile) (later 585th Missile Maintenance Squadron, 485th Tactical Missile Maintenance Squadron): 15 September 1956 – 25 September 1962; 1 August 1984 – 30 April 1989
- 585th Support Squadron (Tactical Missile): 15 September 1956 – 25 September 1962
- USAF Clinic, Florennes (later 485th USAF Clinic): 1 October 1984 – 30 April 1989
Stations
|
|
Missile Sites
- Matador/Mace
- Site VII "B" Pad – 3.5 miles (5.6 km) NW of Bitburg AB (1st/71st TMS) 49°59′05″N 006°28′50″E / 49.98472°N 6.48056°E[note 4]
- Site VIII "C" Pad – 4.5 miles (7.2 km) SSW of Bitburg AB (1st/71st TMS) 49°53′21″N 006°33′30″E / 49.88917°N 6.55833°E[note 5]
- Missile Support Area – 2.6 miles (4.2 km) SSW of
- GLCM
Aircraft and Missiles
- B-24 Liberator, 1943–1945
- Boeing B-29 Superfortress, 1945–1946
- Martin Matador TM-61A, 1956–1957
- Martin Matador TM-61C, 1957–1962
- Martin Mace TM-76B, ? – ?
- General Dynamics BGM-109G Gryphon, 1985–1988
- McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle, 2003
- Lockheed C-130 Hercules, 2003
- Lockheed C-5 Galaxy (2003)
Awards and campaigns
Award streamer | Award | Dates | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Distinguished Unit Citation |
26 June 1944 | Vienna, Austria – 485th Bombardment Group[6] | |
Air Force Outstanding Unit Award |
15 September 1956 – 30 April 1958 | 585th Tactical Missile Group[1] | |
Air Force Outstanding Unit Award |
1 April 1959 – 30 January 1961 | 585th Tactical Missile Group[27] | |
Air Force Outstanding Unit Award |
30 June 1986 – 30 June 1988 | 485th Tactical Missile Wing[1] |
Campaign Streamer | Campaign | Dates | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Air Offensive, Europe | [6] | ||
Rome-Arno | [6] | ||
Normandy | [6] | ||
Northern France | [6] | ||
Southern France | [6] | ||
North Apennines | [6] | ||
Rhineland | [6] | ||
Central Europe | [6] | ||
Po Valley | [6] | ||
Air Combat, EAME Theater | [6] |
See also
- List of BGM-109G GLCM Units
- 519th Air Service GroupSupport Unit during World War II
References
- Explanatory notes
- ^ Approved 8 August 1984.
- ^ The group used its parent 38th Tactical Missile Wing emblem with the group designation on the scroll.
- ^ Maurer indicates that neither emblem used by the group during World War II was officially approved. Maurer, Combat Units, p. 357.
- ^ An underground concrete launch facility that was closed in 1962. Presently it is abandoned and largely overgrown.[citation needed]
- ^ An underground concrete launch facility. After closure the site was transferred to the Bundeswehr and converted into an MIM-104 Patriot missile site. The site closed in 2001 and is now abandoned and overgrown.[citation needed]
- Citations
- ^ a b c d e Bailey, Carl E. (3 March 2003). "Lineage and Honors History of the 485th Air Expeditionary Wing (ACC)" (PDF). Air Force Historical Research Agency. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 22 November 2016.
- ^ a b c Watkins, pp. 120–121
- ^ See "Library: Biographies: Colonel George L. Bondar". Air Reserve Personnel Center. May 2009. Archived from the original on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 11 December 2016. (showing service with the 485th Air Expeditionary Wing from March to May 2003).
- ^ a b c Lester, Capt. David P. (2010). "130th AW mobilizations at highest level since Desert Storm" (PDF). Mountaineer Defender-Magazine of the West Virginia National Guard. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 11 December 2016.
- ^ Lester, Capt. David P.; Welch, Deborah (June 2003). "166th AW part of Herculean gathering of C-130s in Operation Iraqi Freedom". DNG News. Archived from the original on 16 May 2006. Retrieved 11 December 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Maurer, Combat Units, pp. 356–357
- ^ a b c d e f g Maurer, Combat Squadrons, pp. 772–774
- ^ Abstract, History 485th Bomb Gp 20 Sep–Dec 1943 (retrieved 7 July 2013)
- ^ Abstract, History 485th Bomb Gp Apr–May 1945 (retrieved 7 July 2013)
- ^ "485th History". www.485thbg.org. Retrieved 8 July 2019.
- ^ Abstract, History of 485th Bomb Gp 30 May-8 Sep 1945 (retrieved 7 July 2013)
- ^ Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 608
- ^ Maurer, Combat Units, p. 167
- ^ a b Ravenstein, p 291
- ^ Fletcher, pp. 15–17
- ^ Abstract, History of 701st Tactical Missile Wing Sep–Dec 1956 (retrieved 6 July 2013)
- ^ Abstract, History 701st Tactical Missile Wing, Jan–Jun 1957 (retrieved 6 July 2013)
- ^ a b c Ravenstein, pp. 66–67
- ^ a b Mindling, Preface, p.x
- ^ Abstract, History of 485th Tac Missile Wg March–Sep 1984 (retrieved 7 July 2013)
- ^ Abstract, 485th Tactical Missile Wg History Apr–Sep 1985 (retrieved 7 July 2013)
- ^ Abstract, 485th Tactical Missile Wing IMF Compliance Report (retrieved 7 July 2013)
- ^ a b Lineage, tactical squadrons and aircraft of 485th Bombardment Group in Maurer, Combat Units, pp. 356–357
- ^ a b c d e f Lineage, assignments, tactical squadrons and aircraft of 585th Tactical Missile Group and 485th Tactical Missile Wing and assignments of 485th Bombardment Group in Lineage and Honors History of 485th AEW
- ^ Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 261
- ^ Fletcher, p. 17
- ^ AF Pamphlet 900-2, p. 430
Bibliography
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency
- Fletcher, Harry R (1993). Air Force Bases , Vol. II, Air Bases Outside the United States of America (PDF). Washington, DC: Center for Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-53-6.
- Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983) [1961]. Air Force Combat Units of World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. LCCN 61060979.
- Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) [1969]. Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. OCLC 72556.
- Mindling, George; Bolton, Robert (2008). U.S. Air Force Tactical Missiles, 1949–1969: The Pioneers. Lulu.com. ]
- Ravenstein, Charles A. (1984). Air Force Combat Wings, Lineage & Honors Histories 1947–1977. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-12-9.
- Watkins, Robert A. (2009). Insignia and Aircraft Markings of the U.S. Army Air Force in World War II. Vol. IV, European-African-Middle Eastern Theater of Operations. Atglen,PA: Shiffer Publishing, Ltd. ISBN 978-0-7643-3401-6.
- "AF Pamphlet 900-2, Unit Decorations, Awards and Campaign Participation Credits" (PDF). Washington, DC: Department of the Air Force. 15 June 1971. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 August 2015. Retrieved 11 August 2016.