7.65×21mm Parabellum
7.65×21mm Parabellum | ||||||||
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Deutsche Waffen und Munitionsfabriken | ||||||||
Specifications | ||||||||
Parent case | 7.65×25mm Borchardt | |||||||
Case type | Rimless, bottleneck | |||||||
Bullet diameter | 7.85 mm (0.309 in) | |||||||
Land diameter | 7.62 mm (0.300 in) | |||||||
Neck diameter | 8.43 mm (0.332 in) | |||||||
Base diameter | 9.93 mm (0.391 in) | |||||||
Rim diameter | 9.98 mm (0.393 in) | |||||||
Rim thickness | 1.22 mm (0.048 in) | |||||||
Case length | 21.59 mm (0.850 in) | |||||||
Overall length | 29.85 mm (1.175 in) | |||||||
Case capacity | 0.93 cm3 (14.4 gr H2O) | |||||||
Rifling twist | 275 mm (1 in 10.83 in) | |||||||
Primer type | Berdan or Boxer Small pistol | |||||||
Maximum pressure | 235.00 MPa (34,084 psi) | |||||||
Maximum CUP | 28,000[1] CUP | |||||||
Ballistic performance | ||||||||
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Source(s): Modern Firearms & Ammunition, Pistol Ammunition [2] |
The 7.65×21mm Parabellum (designated as the 7,65 Parabellum by the
Development
In 1897, the C-93 Borchardt pistol was submitted for testing to the Swiss Military Trials Committee. The committee found the Borchardt too heavy and unwieldy to serve as a military sidearm. Georg Luger was asked by DWM to improve upon the Borchardt pistol. He developed the 7.65×21mm Parabellum cartridge from the
Around 1903, a separate load was developed for Parabellum carbines, with about 20% more powder (increased from the standard 0.32–0.35 g to 0.40 g) and a blackened cartridge case. This carbine load was manufactured until sometime after World War I.
History and usage
Since its introduction, 7.65×21mm Parabellum ammunition has been manufactured in several countries for both domestic use and for export, including Germany, Switzerland, Finland, France, Portugal, Brazil, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
In 1900, with the adoption of the Luger Parabellum Model 1900 pistol, the 7.65mm Luger became the standard pistol cartridge of the Swiss Army. The Swiss Modell 06/29 pistol served the Swiss Army until well after the adoption of a
The 7.65mm Parabellum was replaced by the
Around 1900, Brazilian armed forces adopted the round for use in German-made Parabellum pistols (partially replacing the Simson Nagant-style revolver) and, later, in some Schmeisser MP-28 II submachine guns made in Belgium under license. It remained in limited use by some police forces up through the 1970s, such as the former Guanabara State Police (based in Rio de Janeiro).
The Luger pistol in 7.65mm was adopted by the Finnish in 1923 with the designation Parabellum Pistooli 23, abbreviated m/23. About 8,000 pistols were delivered, but few survived the war. Many of these pistols were rebarreled to 9mm, and a limited quantity remained in storage until 1980 for arming noncombat personnel. The Finnish Lahti L-35 pistol, a 1929 design introduced in 1935 to replace the Luger pistol, was also originally chambered in 7.65mm Parabellum before it, too, was switched over to the 9mm Parabellum.
In addition to the Luger Parabellum and the SIG P210, several other handguns have been manufactured in this caliber, mainly for commercial sale in countries that restrict civilian use of contemporary military calibers such as 9mm Parabellum. Examples include the
.A handful of
The name is derived from the Latin phrase si vis pacem, para bellum—"If you want peace, prepare for war."
Cartridge dimensions
The 7.65×21mm Parabellum has 0.93
7.65×21mm Parabellum maximum CIP cartridge dimensions, all sizes in millimeters (mm)
The common
According to the official
Synonyms
- 7.65×22mm Parabellum
- .30 Luger
- 7.65mm Luger
- 7.65×21mm
- 7.65×21mm Luger
- 7.65mm Parabellum
- 7.65mm Para
See also
References
- ^ Saami pressures. (n.d.). Retrieved May 3, 2023, from https://leverguns.com/articles/saami_pressures.htm
- ^ "Modern Firearms - Pistol / SMG ammunition". Archived from the original on 2012-02-13. Retrieved 2011-11-18.
- ^ a b C.I.P. TDCC datasheet 7,65 Parabellum
- ^ Wilson, R. K. Textbook of Automatic Pistols, p. 244. Plantersville, SC: Small Arms Technical Publishing Company, 1943.
- Barnes, Frank C. (1972). Cartridges of the World, 3rd Edition. Digest Books, pp. 153, 177. ISBN 0-695-80326-3.
- Goertz, Joachim and Sturgess, Geoffrey (2010 and 2011). The Borchardt & Luger Automatic Pistols. Brad Simpson Publishing and G.L. Sturgess. pp. 1455–69. ISBN 978-0-9727815-8-9.