75th Avenue station

Coordinates: 40°43′07″N 73°50′16″W / 40.71864°N 73.837738°W / 40.71864; -73.837738
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 75 Avenue
 
QM18
StructureUnderground
Platforms2 side platforms
Tracks4
Other information
OpenedDecember 31, 1936; 87 years ago (1936-12-31)
Opposite-
direction
transfer
No
Former/other names75th Avenue–Puritan Avenue
Traffic
2022605,747[2]Increase 30.8%
Rank357 out of 423[2]
Services
Preceding station New York City Subway New York City Subway Following station
<F> two rush hour trains, peak direction

Local
<F> two rush hour trains, peak direction
Location
75th Avenue station is located in New York City Subway
75th Avenue station
75th Avenue station is located in New York City
75th Avenue station
75th Avenue station is located in New York
75th Avenue station
Track layout

Upper level
Lower level
to
Jamaica Yard
Lower level relay tracks
to Forest Hills–71st Avenue
Street map

Map

Station service legend
Symbol Description
Stops all times Stops all times
Stops late nights and weekends Stops late nights and weekends
Stops rush hours in the peak direction only (limited service) Stops rush hours in the peak direction only (limited service)

The 75th Avenue station (originally 75th Avenue–Puritan Avenue station) is a local

<F>
train during rush hours in the reverse peak direction.

The station opened on December 31, 1936 as a station along the Independent Subway System's Queens Boulevard Line. The opening of the station brought significant growth to the adjacent community of Forest Hills, transforming it from a quiet residential community to an active population center.

History

Construction and opening

Staircase entrance to the 75th Avenue station, descending below street level. This entrance is located on the north side of Queens Boulevard.
Entrance to the 75th Avenue station on the north side of Queens Boulevard

The

cut-and-cover tunneling method, and to allow pedestrians to cross, temporary bridges were built over the trenches.[8]

Early planning documents called for a station at "Queens Boulevard–Puritan Avenue";

Forest Hills Gardens.[10] For the first few years of operation the station was referred to as Puritan Avenue.[11] The design called for a small mezzanine but 75th Avenue was built with a full one as it was cheaper than filling in the excavation.[12]

The first section of the line opened on August 19, 1933 from the connection to the Eighth Avenue Line at

The construction of the extension to Kew Gardens brought significant growth to Queens, specifically in Forest Hills and Kew Gardens.[24] With the subway providing a quick and cheap commute, Forest Hills became a more desirable place to live, and as a result new apartment buildings were built in advance of the line's opening to accommodate the expected influx of residents.[25]: 74 [26]: 71  Forest Hills was transformed from a quiet residential community of one-family houses to an active population center.[27][28]

Between July and October 1938, the entrance to the southeastern corner of 75th Road and Queens Boulevard opened. This entrance opened due to increased ridership from six new apartment buildings in the area.[29] The owners of these six new apartment buildings, Cord Meyer Development Company, local homeowners, and civic associations placed pressure on the New York City Board of Transportation to open the entrance in July 1938.[30] On December 15, 1940, F trains began running via the newly opened IND Sixth Avenue Line and along the Queens Boulevard Line's express tracks; they skipped the 75th Avenue station.[31]

Platform extensions

In 1953, the platforms at six Queens Boulevard Line stations, including 75th Avenue, were lengthened to allow eleven-car trains.[a][33] The New York City Board of Transportation had announced plans in November 1949 to spend $325,000 extending platforms at several IND stations, including 75th Avenue, to accommodate 11-car trains;[34][35] the bid for the project went out in 1951.[36] The lengthened trains began running during rush hour on September 8, 1953. Eleven-car trains would only operate on weekdays.[37]: 37–38  The extra car increased the total carrying capacity by 4,000 passengers. The lengthening project cost $400,000 (equivalent to $4.38 million in 2022).[33] The operation of eleven-car trains ended in 1958 because of operational difficulties. The signal blocks, especially in Manhattan, were too short to accommodate the longer trains, and the motormen had a very small margin of error to properly platform the train. It was found that operating ten-car trains allowed for two additional trains per hour to be scheduled.[38]

Station layout

Ground Street level Exit/entrance
Mezzanine Fare control, station agent, MetroCard machines
Platform level Side platform
Southbound local "E" train toward World Trade Center evenings/nights/weekends (Forest Hills–71st Avenue)
"F" train "F" express train toward Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue (Forest Hills–71st Avenue)
Southbound express "E" train does not stop here weekdays
Northbound express "E" train does not stop here weekdays →
Northbound local "E" train toward Jamaica Center–Parsons/Archer evenings/nights/weekends (Kew Gardens–Union Turnpike)
"E" train toward Jamaica–179th Street (two p.m. rush hour trips) (Kew Gardens–Union Turnpike)
"F" train"F" express train toward Jamaica–179th Street (Kew Gardens–Union Turnpike)
Side platform
Lower tracks Yard track ← No passenger service
Storage track "M" train "R" train storage track
Storage track "M" train "R" train storage track
Yard track No passenger service →
White and green tile mosaic spelling out the station name
Mosaic name tablet

This local station has four tracks and two side platforms.[39] The F train stops here at all times, while the E train stops here during evenings, late nights, and weekends.[40][41] The E train uses the two center tracks to bypass this station weekdays (Manhattan-bound from approximately 6:00 a.m. to 6:30 p.m., Jamaica-bound from 7:30 a.m. to 8:00 p.m.).[41] The station is between Forest Hills–71st Avenue to the west and Kew Gardens–Union Turnpike to the east.[42]

Both platforms have a light Fern green trim line with a black border and "75TH AVE" tile captions in white lettering on a black background beneath them.[43] There are mosaic name tablets reading "75TH AVE." in white sans-serif font on a black background with a light Fern green border, and beneath them are directional tile signs in white lettering on a black background pointing to the exits.[44] The tile band is part of a color-coded tile system used throughout the IND.[45] The tile colors were designed to facilitate navigation for travelers going away from Lower Manhattan. As such, a different tile color is used at Kew Gardens–Union Turnpike, the next express station to the east. The green tiles used at the 75th Avenue station was also used at the next station to the west, Forest Hills–71st Avenue, which is an express station.[46][47]

White and green tile mosaic spelling out the station name
Tile caption

Emerald green I-beam columns run along both platforms at regular intervals, alternating ones having the standard black station name plate with white lettering. The trackside columns have old white "75TH AVE" signs on them in black lettering.[48] The former name of Puritan Avenue was still reflected on platform signage into the 1990s.[49] The I-beam piers on the platforms are located every 15 feet (4.6 m) and support girders above the platforms. The roof girders are also connected to columns in the walls adjoining each platform.[50]: 3 

The tunnel is covered by a U-shaped trough that contains utility pipes and wires. The outer walls of this trough are composed of columns, spaced approximately every 5 feet (1.5 m) with concrete infill between them. There is a 1-inch (25 mm) gap between the tunnel wall and the platform wall, which is made of 4-inch (100 mm)-thick brick covered over by a tiled finish. The columns between the tracks are also spaced every 5 feet (1.5 m), with no infill.[50]: 3 

Exits

The station has a full-length

railroad south) end leads to the northwest corner[57] and southwest corners of Queens Boulevard and 75th Avenue,[58] while the one on the east (railroad north) end leads to southeast corner of Queens Boulevard and 75th Road.[59] Chain-link fences separate the sections of the mezzanine within fare control and the section out of fare control.[60] The section of the mezzanine within fare control used to span across the entire space, but a fare-free underpass under Queens Boulevard now divides the northbound and southbound parts of the mezzanine, and there is no way to make a free transfer between the two platforms anymore.[61]

Track layout

There are a pair of

diamond crossovers near the western end of this station, located between the local and express tracks in each direction.[62] F trains use these at all times, switching from express to local for the remainder of their route east (railroad north) to its terminal at Jamaica–179th Street station. E trains only use them on weekends and during weekday evenings.[63] The stretch of local track between 71st Avenue and 75th Avenue is only used in revenue service during late nights, when the E runs local.[39][64]

There are also four tracks underneath this station, which are not visible from the platforms. An emergency exit located in the middle of the Jamaica-bound platform leads to this lower level. The two outer tracks lead to

bumper blocks just below Kew Gardens–Union Turnpike station under the mainline tracks. The two center tracks used for reversing local trains can be seen from Jamaica-bound express trains. At the west end of the station, there are two punch boxes, one on the local and express tracks.[62][64]: 50 [65]

Ridership

In the 1970s, when the New York City Subway was at an all-time low, following the general trend of a decrease in ridership, the number of passengers using the 75th Avenue station decreased by 300,000 passengers.[66] In 2019, the station had 1,059,027 boardings, making it the 351st most used station in the 423-station system. This amounted to an average of 3,549 passengers per weekday.[2]

Notes

  1. ^ The subway cars on the IND were built to be 60 feet (18.3 m) long. These cars typically operated in 10-car trains, with an entire train length being 600 feet (182.9 m). When platforms at stations such as 75th Avenue were lengthened to accommodate 11-car trains, the platforms had to be extended an additional car length, or 60 feet, making the platform at least 660 feet (201.2 m) long.[32]: 185 

References

  1. ^ "Glossary". Second Avenue Subway Supplemental Draft Environmental Impact Statement (SDEIS) (PDF). Vol. 1. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. March 4, 2003. pp. 1–2. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 26, 2021. Retrieved January 1, 2021.
  2. ^ a b "Annual Subway Ridership (2017–2022)". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 2022. Retrieved November 8, 2023.
  3. ^ See:
  4. ^ "Queens Lauded as Best Boro By Chamber Chief". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. September 23, 1929. p. 40. Retrieved October 4, 2015.
  5. ISSN 0362-4331
    . Retrieved March 27, 2020.
  6. . Retrieved August 4, 2016.
  7. .
  8. .
  9. . Retrieved October 27, 2015.
  10. DNAinfo.com. Archived from the original
    on December 19, 2015. Retrieved October 27, 2015.
  11. . Retrieved December 8, 2016.
  12. ^ a b Marks, Seymour (January 20, 1959). "Phantom Subway: Ideal Spot to Park" (PDF). Long Island Star-Journal. Fultonhistory.com. p. 3. Retrieved August 12, 2016.
  13. ISSN 0362-4331
    . Retrieved December 11, 2016.
  14. The New York Sun
    . December 13, 1933. p. 47. Retrieved July 30, 2016.
  15. ^ "Trains Testing Jamaica Link Of City Subway". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. April 10, 1937. p. 3. Retrieved April 24, 2018.
  16. ISSN 0362-4331
    . Retrieved April 26, 2016.
  17. ^ a b Neufeld, Ernest (August 23, 1936). "Men Toil Under Earth to Build Subway" (PDF). Long Island Daily Press. p. 2 (Section 2). Retrieved August 12, 2016.
  18. ^ See:
  19. ISSN 0362-4331
    . Retrieved April 26, 2016.
  20. ^ "Notice to Passengers: Extension of Service Beginning at 7 o'clock in the morning of Thursday, December 31, 1936". New York City Board of Transportation. 1936. Retrieved April 26, 2016 – via Flickr.
  21. ISSN 0362-4331
    . Retrieved June 27, 2015.
  22. . Retrieved April 26, 2016.
  23. . Retrieved April 26, 2016.
  24. . Retrieved April 26, 2016.
  25. .
  26. .
  27. . Retrieved April 26, 2016.
  28. . Retrieved April 26, 2016.
  29. ^ "Many Rentals Attributed to New Features". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. October 23, 1938. Archived from the original on February 28, 2022.
  30. ^ "Transit Board Asked to Extend Subway Station". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. July 24, 1938. Archived from the original on February 28, 2022.
  31. ^ See:
  32. .
  33. ^ . Retrieved January 25, 2016.
  34. . Retrieved May 23, 2023.
  35. .
  36. ^ Proceedings of the New York City Board of Transportation. New York City Board of Transportation. 1951. pp. 53, 145, 255.
  37. ^ Report. New York City Transit Authority. 1953.
  38. ^ "16-Point Plan Can Give Boro Relief Now". Long Island Star–Journal. August 10, 1962. Retrieved April 24, 2018.
  39. ^ a b Dougherty, Peter (2002). "NYC Track Map Book Page 50 Queens F" (PDF). nyctrackmapbook.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 6, 2003. Retrieved July 3, 2016.
  40. ^ "F Subway Timetable, Effective August 28, 2023". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved August 26, 2023.
  41. ^ a b "E Subway Timetable, Effective December 4, 2022". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved August 26, 2023.
  42. ^ "Subway Map" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. September 2021. Retrieved September 17, 2021.
  43. ^ Cox, Jeremiah (June 2, 2008). The 75th Ave tiled text a tile width below the lime green trim with a black border (image).
  44. ^ Cox, Jeremiah (June 2, 2008). A name tablet with a mosaic arrow for the exit to 75th Ave (image).
  45. from the original on July 1, 2022. Retrieved July 1, 2022.
  46. ^ Carlson, Jen (February 18, 2016). "Map: These Color Tiles In The Subway System Used To Mean Something". Gothamist. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
  47. ^ Gleason, Will (February 18, 2016). "The hidden meaning behind the New York subway's colored tiles". Time Out New York. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
  48. ^ Cox, Jeremiah (June 2, 2008). Looking down an empty Manhattan-bound platform at 75th Ave (image).
  49. ^ NYCSubwaySystem (June 26, 2012). NYC Subway: 75 Avenue, F Train. Archived from the original on November 14, 2021. Retrieved December 6, 2016. (Note: The platform sign showing in the video has the name as "75 Av-Puritan Av" which can be seen at the 0:09 mark, and an entrance sign showing this name can be seen at the 2:18 mark)
  50. ^ a b "New York MPS Elmhurst Avenue Subway Station (IND)". Records of the National Park Service, 1785 - 2006, Series: National Register of Historic Places and National Historic Landmarks Program Records, 2013 - 2017, Box: National Register of Historic Places and National Historic Landmarks Program Records: New York, ID: 05000672. National Archives.
  51. ^ Cox, Jeremiah (June 2, 2008). "A view of a closed staircase up to the mezzanine at 75th Ave". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
  52. ^ Cox, Jeremiah (January 3, 2012). "The closed off extreme eastern end of the mezzanine". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
  53. ^ a b Cox, Jeremiah (January 2, 2013). "Approaching the token booth on the middle mezzanine". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
  54. ^ Cox, Jeremiah (June 2, 2008). "A view of the turnstiles in the center of the station from the Manhattan-bound side of the mezzanine, nowhere near an exit to the street". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
  55. ^ Cox, Jeremiah (January 3, 2012). "Two high turnstiles to the 75 Road exit". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
  56. ^ Cox, Jeremiah (June 2, 2008). "A view of the High Entrance/Exit gates to the 75 Avenue exit, this means passengers don't have to walk the equivalent of 1/2 way down a platform length to find turnstiles to enter the system". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
  57. ^ Cox, Jeremiah (June 2, 2008). "A mosaic sign outside of fare control for 75th Ave/N Side Queens Blvd". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 15, 2016.
  58. ^ Cox, Jeremiah (January 3, 2012). "Mosaic for 75th Ave. and the S. Side Queens Blvd". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 15, 2016.
  59. ^ "75th Avenue Neighborhood Map" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. April 2018. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 4, 2018. Retrieved July 3, 2016.
  60. ^ Cox, Jeremiah (June 2, 2008). "Another view down the Manhattan-bound side of the mezzanine at 75th Avenue, the cheep-looking chain link fence painted white that separates it from the area outside of fare control is visible". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
  61. ^ Cox, Jeremiah (January 3, 2012). "The Jamaica-bound platform is exit only near the exits". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 11, 2016.
  62. ^ .
  63. ^ "Review of F Line Operations, Ridership, and Infrastructure" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. October 7, 2009. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 25, 2015. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
  64. ^ .
  65. ^ Linsky, Alan. "A Picture History of Kew Gardens, NY – Queens Boulevard Rapid Transit". Kew Gardens Civic Association Incorporated. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
  66. ISSN 0362-4331
    . Retrieved July 3, 2016.

External links