75th Avenue station
75 Avenue QM18 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Structure | Underground | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Platforms | 2 side platforms | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tracks | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other information | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Opened | December 31, 1936 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Opposite- direction transfer | No | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Former/other names | 75th Avenue–Puritan Avenue | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Traffic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2022 | 605,747[2] 30.8% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rank | 357 out of 423[2] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 75th Avenue station (originally 75th Avenue–Puritan Avenue station) is a local
The station opened on December 31, 1936 as a station along the Independent Subway System's Queens Boulevard Line. The opening of the station brought significant growth to the adjacent community of Forest Hills, transforming it from a quiet residential community to an active population center.
History
Construction and opening
The
Early planning documents called for a station at "Queens Boulevard–Puritan Avenue";
The first section of the line opened on August 19, 1933 from the connection to the Eighth Avenue Line at
The construction of the extension to Kew Gardens brought significant growth to Queens, specifically in Forest Hills and Kew Gardens.[24] With the subway providing a quick and cheap commute, Forest Hills became a more desirable place to live, and as a result new apartment buildings were built in advance of the line's opening to accommodate the expected influx of residents.[25]: 74 [26]: 71 Forest Hills was transformed from a quiet residential community of one-family houses to an active population center.[27][28]
Between July and October 1938, the entrance to the southeastern corner of 75th Road and Queens Boulevard opened. This entrance opened due to increased ridership from six new apartment buildings in the area.[29] The owners of these six new apartment buildings, Cord Meyer Development Company, local homeowners, and civic associations placed pressure on the New York City Board of Transportation to open the entrance in July 1938.[30] On December 15, 1940, F trains began running via the newly opened IND Sixth Avenue Line and along the Queens Boulevard Line's express tracks; they skipped the 75th Avenue station.[31]
Platform extensions
In 1953, the platforms at six Queens Boulevard Line stations, including 75th Avenue, were lengthened to allow eleven-car trains.[a][33] The New York City Board of Transportation had announced plans in November 1949 to spend $325,000 extending platforms at several IND stations, including 75th Avenue, to accommodate 11-car trains;[34][35] the bid for the project went out in 1951.[36] The lengthened trains began running during rush hour on September 8, 1953. Eleven-car trains would only operate on weekdays.[37]: 37–38 The extra car increased the total carrying capacity by 4,000 passengers. The lengthening project cost $400,000 (equivalent to $4.38 million in 2022).[33] The operation of eleven-car trains ended in 1958 because of operational difficulties. The signal blocks, especially in Manhattan, were too short to accommodate the longer trains, and the motormen had a very small margin of error to properly platform the train. It was found that operating ten-car trains allowed for two additional trains per hour to be scheduled.[38]
Station layout
Ground | Street level | Exit/entrance |
Mezzanine | Fare control, station agent, MetroCard machines | |
Platform level | Side platform | |
Southbound local | ← toward World Trade Center evenings/nights/weekends (Forest Hills–71st Avenue) ← toward Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue (Forest Hills–71st Avenue) | |
Southbound express | ← does not stop here weekdays | |
Northbound express | does not stop here weekdays → | |
Northbound local | toward Jamaica Center–Parsons/Archer evenings/nights/weekends (Kew Gardens–Union Turnpike) → toward Jamaica–179th Street (two p.m. rush hour trips) (Kew Gardens–Union Turnpike) → toward Jamaica–179th Street (Kew Gardens–Union Turnpike) → | |
Side platform | ||
Lower tracks | Yard track | ← No passenger service |
Storage track | storage track | |
Storage track | storage track | |
Yard track | No passenger service → |
This local station has four tracks and two side platforms.[39] The F train stops here at all times, while the E train stops here during evenings, late nights, and weekends.[40][41] The E train uses the two center tracks to bypass this station weekdays (Manhattan-bound from approximately 6:00 a.m. to 6:30 p.m., Jamaica-bound from 7:30 a.m. to 8:00 p.m.).[41] The station is between Forest Hills–71st Avenue to the west and Kew Gardens–Union Turnpike to the east.[42]
Both platforms have a light Fern green trim line with a black border and "75TH AVE" tile captions in white lettering on a black background beneath them.[43] There are mosaic name tablets reading "75TH AVE." in white sans-serif font on a black background with a light Fern green border, and beneath them are directional tile signs in white lettering on a black background pointing to the exits.[44] The tile band is part of a color-coded tile system used throughout the IND.[45] The tile colors were designed to facilitate navigation for travelers going away from Lower Manhattan. As such, a different tile color is used at Kew Gardens–Union Turnpike, the next express station to the east. The green tiles used at the 75th Avenue station was also used at the next station to the west, Forest Hills–71st Avenue, which is an express station.[46][47]
Emerald green I-beam columns run along both platforms at regular intervals, alternating ones having the standard black station name plate with white lettering. The trackside columns have old white "75TH AVE" signs on them in black lettering.[48] The former name of Puritan Avenue was still reflected on platform signage into the 1990s.[49] The I-beam piers on the platforms are located every 15 feet (4.6 m) and support girders above the platforms. The roof girders are also connected to columns in the walls adjoining each platform.[50]: 3
The tunnel is covered by a U-shaped trough that contains utility pipes and wires. The outer walls of this trough are composed of columns, spaced approximately every 5 feet (1.5 m) with concrete infill between them. There is a 1-inch (25 mm) gap between the tunnel wall and the platform wall, which is made of 4-inch (100 mm)-thick brick covered over by a tiled finish. The columns between the tracks are also spaced every 5 feet (1.5 m), with no infill.[50]: 3
Exits
The station has a full-length
Track layout
There are a pair of
There are also four tracks underneath this station, which are not visible from the platforms. An emergency exit located in the middle of the Jamaica-bound platform leads to this lower level. The two outer tracks lead to
Ridership
In the 1970s, when the New York City Subway was at an all-time low, following the general trend of a decrease in ridership, the number of passengers using the 75th Avenue station decreased by 300,000 passengers.[66] In 2019, the station had 1,059,027 boardings, making it the 351st most used station in the 423-station system. This amounted to an average of 3,549 passengers per weekday.[2]
Notes
- ^ The subway cars on the IND were built to be 60 feet (18.3 m) long. These cars typically operated in 10-car trains, with an entire train length being 600 feet (182.9 m). When platforms at stations such as 75th Avenue were lengthened to accommodate 11-car trains, the platforms had to be extended an additional car length, or 60 feet, making the platform at least 660 feet (201.2 m) long.[32]: 185
References
- ^ "Glossary". Second Avenue Subway Supplemental Draft Environmental Impact Statement (SDEIS) (PDF). Vol. 1. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. March 4, 2003. pp. 1–2. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 26, 2021. Retrieved January 1, 2021.
- ^ a b "Annual Subway Ridership (2017–2022)". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 2022. Retrieved November 8, 2023.
- ^ See:
- Duffus, R.L. (September 22, 1929). "Our Great Subway Network Spreads Wider; New Plans of Board of Transportation Involve the Building of More Than One Hundred Miles of Additional Rapid Transit Routes for New York". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 19, 2015.
- Board of Transportation of the City of New York Engineering Department, Proposed Additional Rapid Transit Lines And Proposed Vehicular Tunnel, dated August 23, 1929
- Duffus, R.L. (September 22, 1929). "Our Great Subway Network Spreads Wider; New Plans of Board of Transportation Involve the Building of More Than One Hundred Miles of Additional Rapid Transit Routes for New York". The New York Times.
- ^ "Queens Lauded as Best Boro By Chamber Chief". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. September 23, 1929. p. 40. Retrieved October 4, 2015.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 27, 2020.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 4, 2016.
- ProQuest 1114650593.
- ISBN 978-0-7385-9785-0.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved October 27, 2015.
- DNAinfo.com. Archived from the originalon December 19, 2015. Retrieved October 27, 2015.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 8, 2016.
- ^ a b Marks, Seymour (January 20, 1959). "Phantom Subway: Ideal Spot to Park" (PDF). Long Island Star-Journal. Fultonhistory.com. p. 3. Retrieved August 12, 2016.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 11, 2016.
- The New York Sun. December 13, 1933. p. 47. Retrieved July 30, 2016.
- ^ "Trains Testing Jamaica Link Of City Subway". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. April 10, 1937. p. 3. Retrieved April 24, 2018.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
- ^ a b Neufeld, Ernest (August 23, 1936). "Men Toil Under Earth to Build Subway" (PDF). Long Island Daily Press. p. 2 (Section 2). Retrieved August 12, 2016.
- ^ See:
- "500 More Quit Subway Work On Boulevard: General Strike Order Issued Today; 72 Walk Out in Jamaica" (PDF). Long Island Daily Press. April 2, 1935. p. 2. Retrieved July 30, 2016.
- "Aldermen Probe Strike on Subway" (PDF). Long Island Daily Press. April 3, 1935. p. 4. Retrieved July 30, 2016.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
- ^ "Notice to Passengers: Extension of Service Beginning at 7 o'clock in the morning of Thursday, December 31, 1936". New York City Board of Transportation. 1936. Retrieved April 26, 2016 – via Flickr.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 27, 2015.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
- ISBN 978-0-7385-9785-0.
- ISBN 978-0-300-11299-3.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
- ^ "Many Rentals Attributed to New Features". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. October 23, 1938. Archived from the original on February 28, 2022.
- ^ "Transit Board Asked to Extend Subway Station". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. July 24, 1938. Archived from the original on February 28, 2022.
- ^ See:
- Linder, Bernard (December 2008). "Sixth Avenue Subway Service Changes". New York Division Bulletin. 51 (12). Electric Railroaders' Association: 2–4. Retrieved August 6, 2016.
- "New 6th Ave. Tube Will Be Boon to Queens Residents". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle. December 8, 1940. p. 10. Retrieved October 4, 2015.
- ISBN 9780801879227.
- ^ ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 25, 2016.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 23, 2023.
- ProQuest 1325174459.
- ^ Proceedings of the New York City Board of Transportation. New York City Board of Transportation. 1951. pp. 53, 145, 255.
- ^ Report. New York City Transit Authority. 1953.
- ^ "16-Point Plan Can Give Boro Relief Now". Long Island Star–Journal. August 10, 1962. Retrieved April 24, 2018.
- ^ a b Dougherty, Peter (2002). "NYC Track Map Book Page 50 Queens F" (PDF). nyctrackmapbook.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 6, 2003. Retrieved July 3, 2016.
- ^ "F Subway Timetable, Effective August 28, 2023". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved August 26, 2023.
- ^ a b "E Subway Timetable, Effective December 4, 2022". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved August 26, 2023.
- ^ "Subway Map" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. September 2021. Retrieved September 17, 2021.
- ^ Cox, Jeremiah (June 2, 2008). The 75th Ave tiled text a tile width below the lime green trim with a black border (image).
- ^ Cox, Jeremiah (June 2, 2008). A name tablet with a mosaic arrow for the exit to 75th Ave (image).
- from the original on July 1, 2022. Retrieved July 1, 2022.
- ^ Carlson, Jen (February 18, 2016). "Map: These Color Tiles In The Subway System Used To Mean Something". Gothamist. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ Gleason, Will (February 18, 2016). "The hidden meaning behind the New York subway's colored tiles". Time Out New York. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ Cox, Jeremiah (June 2, 2008). Looking down an empty Manhattan-bound platform at 75th Ave (image).
- ^ NYCSubwaySystem (June 26, 2012). NYC Subway: 75 Avenue, F Train. Archived from the original on November 14, 2021. Retrieved December 6, 2016. (Note: The platform sign showing in the video has the name as "75 Av-Puritan Av" which can be seen at the 0:09 mark, and an entrance sign showing this name can be seen at the 2:18 mark)
- ^ a b "New York MPS Elmhurst Avenue Subway Station (IND)". Records of the National Park Service, 1785 - 2006, Series: National Register of Historic Places and National Historic Landmarks Program Records, 2013 - 2017, Box: National Register of Historic Places and National Historic Landmarks Program Records: New York, ID: 05000672. National Archives.
- ^ Cox, Jeremiah (June 2, 2008). "A view of a closed staircase up to the mezzanine at 75th Ave". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
- ^ Cox, Jeremiah (January 3, 2012). "The closed off extreme eastern end of the mezzanine". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
- ^ a b Cox, Jeremiah (January 2, 2013). "Approaching the token booth on the middle mezzanine". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
- ^ Cox, Jeremiah (June 2, 2008). "A view of the turnstiles in the center of the station from the Manhattan-bound side of the mezzanine, nowhere near an exit to the street". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
- ^ Cox, Jeremiah (January 3, 2012). "Two high turnstiles to the 75 Road exit". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
- ^ Cox, Jeremiah (June 2, 2008). "A view of the High Entrance/Exit gates to the 75 Avenue exit, this means passengers don't have to walk the equivalent of 1/2 way down a platform length to find turnstiles to enter the system". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
- ^ Cox, Jeremiah (June 2, 2008). "A mosaic sign outside of fare control for 75th Ave/N Side Queens Blvd". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 15, 2016.
- ^ Cox, Jeremiah (January 3, 2012). "Mosaic for 75th Ave. and the S. Side Queens Blvd". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 15, 2016.
- ^ "75th Avenue Neighborhood Map" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. April 2018. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 4, 2018. Retrieved July 3, 2016.
- ^ Cox, Jeremiah (June 2, 2008). "Another view down the Manhattan-bound side of the mezzanine at 75th Avenue, the cheep-looking chain link fence painted white that separates it from the area outside of fare control is visible". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
- ^ Cox, Jeremiah (January 3, 2012). "The Jamaica-bound platform is exit only near the exits". subwaynut.com. Retrieved December 11, 2016.
- ^ OCLC 1056711733.
- ^ "Review of F Line Operations, Ridership, and Infrastructure" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. October 7, 2009. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 25, 2015. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
- ^ OCLC 1056711733.
- ^ Linsky, Alan. "A Picture History of Kew Gardens, NY – Queens Boulevard Rapid Transit". Kew Gardens Civic Association Incorporated. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved July 3, 2016.