7 (New York City Subway service)
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The 7 Flushing Local and <7> Flushing Express
7 trains operate at all times between
The 7 route started running in 1915 when the Flushing Line opened. Since 1927, the 7 has held largely the same route, except for a one-stop western extension from
Service history
Early history
On June 13, 1915, the first test train on the
On March 22, 1926, Flushing Line service was extended one stop westward from Grand Central to
The service on the Flushing Line east of Queensboro Plaza was shared by the
Introduction of express service
Express trains began running on April 24, 1939, to serve the 1939 New York World's Fair.[26] The first train left Main Street at 6:30 a.m. IRT expresses ran every nine minutes between Main Street and Times Square, with BMT expresses having a similar frequency, running just between Main Street and Queensboro Plaza. The running time between Main Street and Queensboro Plaza was 15 minutes and the running time between Main Street and Times Square was 27 minutes. Express service to Manhattan operated in the morning rush between 6:30 and 10:43 a.m. Express service to Main Street began from Times Square for the IRT at 10:50 a.m. and the BMT from Queensboro Plaza at 11:09 a.m., continuing until 8 p.m.[27]
On October 17, 1949, the joint BMT/IRT operation of the Flushing Line ended, and the Flushing Line became the responsibility of the IRT.[28] After the end of BMT/IRT dual service, the New York City Board of Transportation announced that the Flushing Line platforms would be lengthened to 11 IRT car lengths, and the BMT Astoria Line platforms extended to 10 BMT car lengths. The project, to start in 1950, would cost US$3,850,000 (equivalent to $48,800,000 in 2023). The platforms were only able to fit nine 51-foot-long IRT cars, or seven 60-foot-long BMT cars beforehand.[29][30]
On March 12, 1953, two 9-car super express trains began operating from Flushing–Main Street to Times Square in the morning rush hour.[31][32] The super expresses stopped at Willets Point before skipping all stops to Queensboro Plaza, bypassing the Woodside and Junction Boulevard express stops. The running time was cut down to 23 minutes from 25 minutes.[33] Beginning August 12, 1955, four super expresses operated during the morning rush hour.[34] On September 10, 1953, two express trains from Times Square were converted to super express trains in the evening rush hour.[33] Super express service was discontinued in the morning rush and evening rush, on January 13, 1956,[35][36] and December 14, 1956, respectively.[35] Holiday and Saturday express service was discontinued on March 20, 1954.[37]
On November 1, 1962, fifty
Rehabilitation service patterns
First renovation
From May 13, 1985, to August 21, 1989, the IRT Flushing Line was overhauled for improvements, including the installation of new track, repair of station structures and to improve line infrastructure. The project cost $70 million.[42] Temporary platforms were built at local stations along the line when track work was being performed on local track in station areas to provide access to trains.[43]
The major element was the replacement of rails on the Queens Boulevard viaduct. This was necessitated because the subway was allowed to deteriorate during the 1970s and 1980s to the point that there were widespread "Code Red" defects on the Flushing Line, and there were some pillars holding elevated structures that were so shaky that trains would not run if the wind exceeded 65 mph (105 km/h). <7> express service was suspended for the duration of the project; however, extra 7 service was provided for
Resumption of express service
The project was completed in June 1989, six months ahead of its scheduled completion of December 1989.[45] The NYCTA held a public hearing on June 29, 1989, concerning its proposed reinstatement of express service. The NYCTA proposed implementing express service in July 1989 to coincide with changes in regular A Division schedules. It began to plan options to reinstate express service in 1988. Options were presented to local community boards, including the service pattern in place before May 1985, the continuation of all-local service, Super Express service running nonstop between Willets Point and Queensboro Plaza and Skip-Stop Express service.[46]
Before May 1985, express service operated to Manhattan from 6:30 to 9:45 a.m. and to Main Street from 3:15 to 7:30 p.m. Expresses ran every three minutes on average and locals ran every six minutes; due to the uneven split in service, in practice one express train would be followed two minutes later by another express train, and then an additional four minutes would elapse until the next express train arrived. This split between expresses and locals was in place due to high demand for express trains. Express trains that arrived four minutes after the previous trip had carried twice as many passengers than the expresses that arrived two minutes afterward. With the elimination of express service and the unreliable merge at
The NYCTA created a service plan with the goals of maintaining existing levels of reliability, having local service run at existing levels or higher than the pre-1985 level, and providing faster running times. The NYCTA proposed the reintroduction of express service, running to Manhattan between 6:30 and 10 a.m. (changed to 6:30 to 9:45 a.m. at the time of implementation)
Second renovation
In the mid-1990s, the MTA discovered that the Queens Boulevard viaduct structure was unstable, as rocks that were used to support the tracks as ballast became loose due to poor drainage, which, in turn, affected the integrity of the concrete structure overall. <7> express service was suspended again between 61st Street–Woodside and Queensboro Plaza; temporary platforms were installed to access the express track in the four intermediate stations.[53] The work began on April 5, 1993.[54][55] When the viaduct reconstruction finished on March 31, 1997, ahead of schedule, full <7> express service was reinstated.[56] Throughout this entire period, ridership grew steadily.[57]
Extension and CBTC
The 7 Subway Extension, which travels west and south to 34th Street and 11th Avenue, near the
In 2010, New York City officials announced they were considering a further extension of the service across the
In 2008, the MTA started converting the 7 service to accommodate
From June 26, 2023, through January 2024, <7> express trains are making all stops between Queensboro Plaza and 74th Street–Broadway due to renovations along the Flushing Line.[71]
Rolling stock
The 7 operates with 11-car sets; the number of cars in a single 7 train set is more than in any other New York City Subway service. These trains, however, are not the longest in the system, since a train of 11 "A" Division cars is only 565 feet (172 m) long, while a standard B Division train, which consists of ten 60 foot (18 m) cars or eight 75 foot (23 m) cars, is 600 feet (180 m) long.[72]
Fleet history
The 7, throughout almost all its history, has maintained a separate fleet from the rest of the IRT, starting with the
In 1938, an order of
Starting in 1948, R12s, R14s, and R15s were delivered to the 7. On November 1, 1962, fifty R17s (6500–6549) were transferred from the Mainline IRT to the 7, allowing for ten-car operation. This was the first time that the IRT ran ten-car trains without a second conductor.[38]
In 1964, picture window R33S and R36 cars replaced the older R12s, R14s, R15s, and R17s in time for the 1964 New York World's Fair. Early in 1965, the NYCTA placed a strip map indicating all the stations and transfer points for the line in each of the line's 430 cars, helping World's Fair visitors. This innovation was not used for other services and as they shared rolling stock with each other; it was possible for cars to have the wrong strip maps.[76]
The 7 was the last service to run using "Redbird" cars, and the 7's fleet consisted entirely of R33S/R36 Redbird trains until February 2002. In 2001, with the arrival of the R142/R142A cars, the Transit Authority announced the retirement of all Redbird cars. From January 2002 to November 2003, Bombardier-built R62A cars from other routes gradually replaced all of the Redbird cars on the 7. The first R62As entered service on the 7 route on February 19, 2002.[77] On November 3, 2003, the last Redbird train made its final trip on this route, making all stops between Times Square and the then-named Willets Point–Shea Stadium.[78] Several Redbird cars running on this service were decorated with Mets logos and colors during the 2000 World Series against the New York Yankees, as the Flushing Line runs adjacent to Citi Field and the former location of Shea Stadium.[79]
By 2008, all R62As on the 7 were upgraded with
The R62As were displaced by the R188s from January 2014 to March 30, 2018, in preparation for the automation equipment for the Flushing Line. The displaced R62As were returned to the 6 train, from which many R142As were taken and converted to R188s.[81][82] The first train of R188 cars began operating in passenger service on November 9, 2013. By 2016, most of the CBTC-equipped R188 train sets were on the 7, and by March 30, 2018, the last R62A trains were displaced by the R188 cars.[83][84]
Nickname
The 7 is unofficially nicknamed the "International Express"
Route
Service pattern
The following table shows the line used by the 7 and <7>, with shaded boxes indicating the route at the specified times:[91]
Line | From | To | Tracks | Times | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
all times | rush hours, peak direction | ||||
IRT Flushing Line (full line) | Flushing–Main Street | 74th Street–Broadway
|
express | ||
local | |||||
74th Street–Broadway
|
33rd Street–Rawson Street | local | |||
Queensboro Plaza | 34th Street–Hudson Yards | all |
<7> trains typically run express east of Queensboro Plaza. As of June 2023[update], due to structural renovations on the IRT Flushing Line, <7> trains only run express east of 74th Street–Broadway.[92]
In addition to regular local and rush-hour express services, "Super Express" service to Manhattan is also provided after
Stations
The 7 and <7> run on the IRT Flushing Line in their entirety.[3]
Stations in blue denote stops served by Super Express game specials.
Station service legend | |
---|---|
Stops all times | |
Stops all times except late nights | |
Stops weekdays during the day | |
Stops rush hours in the peak direction only | |
Station closed | |
Time period details | |
Station is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act | |
↑ | Station is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act in the indicated direction only |
↓ | |
Elevator access to mezzanine only |
Lcl |
Exp |
Stations | Subway transfers | Connections/Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Queens | ||||||
Flushing Line | ||||||
Flushing–Main Street | Q48 bus to LaGuardia Airport
| |||||
Mets–Willets Point | ↑[a][94] | Super Express trips to 34th Street–Hudson Yards originate at this station | ||||
↑ | | | 111th Street | Q48 bus to LaGuardia Airport
Manhattan-bound trains will not stop here because of renovations until spring 2024.[95] | |||
| | 103rd Street–Corona Plaza | |||||
Junction Boulevard | Q72 bus to LaGuardia Airport | |||||
| | 90th Street–Elmhurst Avenue | |||||
↑ | | | 82nd Street–Jackson Heights | Manhattan-bound trains will not stop here because of renovations until spring 2024.[95] | |||
74th Street–Broadway | ) | Q70 Select Bus Service to LaGuardia Airport
| ||||
69th Street | Q47 bus to LaGuardia Airport (Marine Air Terminal only).
| |||||
61st Street–Woodside | Q70 Select Bus Service to LaGuardia Airport
| |||||
52nd Street | ||||||
46th Street–Bliss Street | ||||||
40th Street–Lowery Street | ||||||
33rd Street–Rawson Street | ||||||
Queensboro Plaza | N W (BMT Astoria Line) | |||||
Court Square | G (IND Crosstown Line) E M (IND Queens Boulevard Line at Court Square–23rd Street) |
|||||
Hunters Point Avenue | LIRR City Terminal Zone at Hunterspoint Avenue (peak hours only) | |||||
Vernon Boulevard–Jackson Avenue | LIRR City Terminal Zone at Long Island City (peak hours only) | |||||
Manhattan | ||||||
Grand Central–42nd Street | ) | Metro-North Railroad at Grand Central Terminal Long Island Rail Road at Grand Central Madison | ||||
Fifth Avenue | ) | |||||
Times Square–42nd Street | 1 2 3 (IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line) A C E (IND Eighth Avenue Line at 42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal) N Q R W (BMT Broadway Line) S (42nd Street Shuttle) |
Port Authority Bus Terminal M34A Select Bus Service | ||||
34th Street–Hudson Yards | M34 Select Bus Service |
In popular culture
- The 2000 documentary film The #7 Train: An Immigrant Journey is based on the ethnic diversity of the people that ride the 7 train every day.[96]
- The 7 Line Army is a group of New York Mets fans whose name is derived from the 7 route.[97]
- In a 1999 Sports Illustrated interview, then-Atlanta Braves pitcher John Rocker controversially stated that riding the 7 train is "like you're [riding through] Beirut next to some kid with purple hair next to some queer with AIDS right next to some dude who just got out of jail for the fourth time right next to some 20-year-old mom with four kids. It's depressing. The biggest thing I don't like about New York are the foreigners. You can walk an entire block in Times Square and not hear anybody speaking English. Asians and Koreans and Vietnamese and Indians and Russians and Spanish people and everything up there. How the hell did they get in this country?"[98]
- The PC simulator game "World of Subways 4" released in March 2015 by Aerosoft is a recreation of the 7 during the time the redbirds operated the line. It features a driving simulation in different conditions, as well as missions with storylines loosely related to the 7's operation.
- In January 2020, as part of an agreement between the MTA and Comedy Central to promote actor Awkwafina's TV show Nora From Queens, the default pre-recorded announcements for the 7 train on the R188s were replaced with those from Awkwafina for one week. The announcements from Awkwafina featured jokes in addition to the standard station announcements.[99][100][101] The agreement was the first time that the MTA has replaced train announcements as a form of advertising.[102]
- In September 2022, New York Mets television broadcast announcers Ron Darling, Keith Hernandez, and Gary Cohen pre-recorded announcements along the 7 line.
- In April 2024, the Mets unveiled their City Connect uniforms, which allude to the 7-line through their use of the color purple.[103][104]
Notes
- ^ Only the Flushing-bound local side platform is wheelchair-accessible. Trains open on this platform only during New York Mets games, the US Open and other special events.
- ^ During the morning, trips may both begin and end at Mets–Willets Point, but during the evening, trips may only end at this station.
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- ^ Colton, Chris (March 26, 2013). "860 Mets Fans Strong, Opening Day Just The Start For 'The 7 Line Army'". WCBS-TV. Archived from the original on March 28, 2019. Retrieved March 28, 2019.
- ^ "At Full Blast Shooting outrageously from the lip, Braves closer John Rocker bangs away at his favorite targets: the Mets, their fans, their city and just about everyone in it". Sports Illustrated Vault | Si.com. December 27, 1999. Archived from the original on November 29, 2018. Retrieved November 29, 2018.
- from the original on January 17, 2020. Retrieved January 17, 2020.
- ^ "'Stop Manspreading!': Queens Native Awkwafina Takes Over 7 Train Subway Announcement". NBC New York. January 16, 2020. Archived from the original on January 17, 2020. Retrieved January 17, 2020.
- ^ "Queens-born actress Awkwafina will voice 7 train announcements for a week before her new show premieres". amNewYork. January 16, 2020. Archived from the original on May 18, 2020. Retrieved January 17, 2020.
- ^ "The MTA Is Now Turning Subway Announcements Into Ads, Starting With Awkwafina". Gothamist. January 16, 2020. Archived from the original on January 17, 2020. Retrieved January 17, 2020.
- ^ "Exclusive: Unveiling the Mets' full City Connect uniforms, and telling the story behind the designs". sny.tv. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
- ^ "'A city like no other': New York Mets unveil City Connect uniforms". ESPN.com. April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
External links
External videos | |
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A Weekend at Work: Flushing Line May 2011, Metropolitan Transportation Authority; July 21, 2011; 3:42 YouTube video clip |