8th millennium BC
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Centuries :
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Preceded by the Pleistocene |
Holocene Epoch |
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Blytt–Sernander stages/ages
*Relative to year 2000 (b2k). †Relative to year 1950 (BP/Before "Present"). |
The Stone Age |
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↑ before Homo (Pliocene) |
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↓ Chalcolithic |
The 8th millennium BC spanned the years 8000 BC to 7001 BC (c. 10 ka to c. 9 ka). In chronological terms, it is the second full millennium of the current
Global environment
In the
During the 8th millennium, there were five
The date of c. 7640 BC has been theorised for the impact of
According to radiometric dates, the main occupation phases recognized at Shillourokambos took place between the end of the 9th millennium BC and the end of this millennium, long before the Khirokitia Culture.[8] The fact remains that its disappearance in the Middle Phase at Shillourokambos, in the second half of this millennium, is not an isolated incident but one of a number of expressions of a deep cultural change.[8]
Population and communities
Outside the Near East, most people around the world still lived in scattered
The
Fertile Crescent
By c. 7500 BC (see map above right), important sites in or near the Fertile Crescent included
Pottery and dating systems
There was no pottery per se in the Near East at this time as the
Agriculture in the Americas
It was from c. 8000 BC that agriculture developed throughout the Americas, especially in modern Mexico. There were numerous
Other cultural developments
The Mount Sandel Mesolithic site in Ireland is dated to c. 7900–7600 BC. This was long thought to be the earliest human activity on the island, until the discovery of the Alice and Gwendoline Cave pushed the date back to 10,000 BC.[19]
The date for construction of a round-house near Howick, Northumberland is calculated c. 7600 BC by radiocarbon dating. The site is believed to have been occupied for about 100 years.[20]
The
References
- ^ Cohen, K. M.; Finney, S. C.; Gibbard, P. L.; Fan, J.-X. (May 2019). "International Chronostratigraphic Chart" (PDF). International Commission on Stratigraphy. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 13 November 2019.
- (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2022. This proposal on behalf of the SQS has been approved by the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) and formally ratified by the Executive Committee of the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS).
- PMID 31844667.
- ^ "Holocene Volcano List". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. 2013. Retrieved 7 January 2021.
- ^ "Grímsvötn". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. 2013. Retrieved 7 January 2021.
- PMID 9650103.
- .
- ^ a b Le Brun, Alain. "Like a Bull in a Chine Shop: Identity and Ideology in Neolithic Cyprus." Archaeological Perspectives on the Transmission and Transformation of Culture in the Eastern Mediterranean, edited by Joanne Clarke, Council for British Research in the Levant (CBRL), 2005, pp. 113–17. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv310vqks.19. Accessed 3 Feb. 2023.
- ^ a b Roberts 1993, p. 37.
- ^ Bronowski 1973, pp. 64–69.
- ISBN 978-03-95135-92-1.
- ^ a b Bellwood 2004, p. 384.
- ^ a b c Mithen 2003, p. 60.
- ^ S2CID 167007661.
- PMID 16203994.
- PMID 11171946.
- ISBN 978-15-70030-00-0.
- PMID 19307570.
- ^ Viney, Michael (23 April 2016). "Another Life: The case of the knee-capped bear". Dublin: The Irish Times Ltd. Retrieved 8 January 2021.
- ^ Richards, Julian (17 February 2011). "Britain's Oldest House?". BBC History. London: BBC. Retrieved 8 January 2021.
- PMID 21486678.
Bibliography
- ISBN 978-06-31205-66-1.
- ISBN 978-18-49901-15-4.
- ISBN 978-07-53813-92-8.
- ISBN 978-01-95115-04-8.