965

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Year 965 (CMLXV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Byzantine Empire

• Arab–Byzantine War: Emperor Nikephoros II conquers the fortress cities of Tarsus and Mopsuestia. The Muslim residents abandon the defense and flee into Syria. Nikephoros completes the conquest of Cilicia; Muslim raids into Anatolia (modern Turkey) permanently cease. Byzantine troops under General Niketas Chalkoutzes occupy Cyprus, liberating the Greek population from Muslim domination.^[1]
• slavery. Caliph Al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah completes the conquest of Sicily, and establishes naval superiority in the Western Mediterranean
  .

• Spring – King
  Otto I (the Great) encourages resistance to Lothair's overtures.^[2]
• Mieszko I of Poland makes an alliance with Boleslaus and marries his daughter Dobrawa.^[3]
• The
  Sviatoslav I. The city is renamed Belaya Vezha (White Fortress) and settled by Slavs
  .

• July 12 – Emperor Meng Chang of Later Shu dies after a 30-year reign. His kingdom is invaded and incorporated into the expanding Song dynasty.

By topic

Literature

• September 23 – Al-Mutanabbi, an Abbasid poet, returns from 5 years in Mesopotamia. He has lived at Shiraz under the protection of the Buyid emir 'Adud al-Dawla, but bandits kill him near An Numaniyah (modern Iran).

Religion

• March 1 – Pope Leo VIII dies after a 13-month reign. He is succeeded by John XIII as the 133rd pope of the Catholic Church.

Births

• Dudo of Saint-Quentin, Norman historian (approximate date)
• Frederick of Luxembourg, count of Moselgau (d. 1019)
• Gerberga of Burgundy, duchess consort of Swabia (or 966)
• Lower Lorraine (d. 1023
  )
• Hárek of Tjøtta, Norwegian chieftain (approximate date)
• Hugh I, count of Empúries and Peralada (approximate date)
• Ibn al-Haytham, Arab astronomer and physicist (d. 1040)
• Leo of Vercelli, German bishop (approximate date)
• Sharif al-Murtaza, Buyid Shia scholar (d. 1044)
• Theodoric I, duke of Upper Lorraine (approximate date)

Deaths

• February 22 – Otto, duke of Burgundy (b. 944)
• March 1 – Leo VIII, pope of the Catholic Church
• March 28 – Arnulf I, count of Flanders
• May 20 – Gero (the Great), Frankish nobleman
• June 25 – Guy, margrave of Ivrea (b. 940)
• July 4 – Benedict V, pope of the Catholic Church
• July 12 – Meng Chang, emperor of Later Shu (b. 919)
• September 23 – Al-Mutanabbi, Abbasid poet (b. 915)
• October 11 – Bruno I, archbishop of Cologne (b. 925)
• Al-Husayn ibn Ali al-Maghribi, Abbasid statesman
• Guo Chong, Chinese general (approximate date)
• Hedwig of Saxony, Frankish duchess and regent
• Ten Kingdoms
  )
• Li Hao, Chinese chancellor (approximate date)
• Moses ben Hanoch, Jewish rabbi (approximate date)
• Joseph Bringas, Byzantine eunuch and official
• Wu Cheng, Chinese chancellor (b. 893)
• Zhong, empress consort of Southern Tang

References