9th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement
9th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement
| |
---|---|
Host country | Yugoslavia |
Date | 4–7 September 1989 |
Venue(s) | Sava Centar |
Cities | Belgrade |
Chair | Janez Drnovšek (President of the Presidency of Yugoslavia) |
Follows | 8th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement (Harare, Zimbabwe) |
Precedes | 10th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement (Jakarta, Indonesia) |
The 9th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement on 4–7 September 1989 in
At the Summit, Yugoslavia succeeded in persuading members states to exclude
Participants
Participants were divided into categories of member states, observers and guests.[9]
Member states
Following member states participated in the conference:[9]
- Afghanistan
- Algeria
- Angola
- Argentina
- Bahrain
- Bangladesh
- Barbados
- Belize
- Benin
- Bhutan
- Bolivia
- Botswana
- Burkina Faso
- Burundi
- Cameroon
- Cape Verde
- Central African Republic
- Chad
- Colombia
- Comoros
- Congo
- Côte d'Ivoire
- Cuba
- Cyprus
- North Korea
- South Yemen
- Djibouti
- Ecuador
- Egypt
- Equatorial Guinea
- Ethiopia
- Gabon
- Gambia
- Ghana
- Guinea
- Guinea Bissau
- Guyana
- India
- Indonesia
- Iran
- Iraq
- Jamaica
- Jordan
- Kenya
- Kuwait
- Laos
- Lebanon
- Lesotho
- Liberia
- Libya
- Madagascar
- Malawi
- Malaysia
- Maldives
- Mali
- Malta
- Mauritania
- Mauritius
- Morocco
- Mozambique
- Nepal
- Nicaragua
- Niger
- Nigeria
- Oman
- Pakistan
- Palestine
- Panama
- Peru
- Qatar
- Rwanda
- Sao Tome and Principe
- Saudi Arabia
- Senegal
- Seychelles
- Sierra Leone
- Singapore
- Somalia
- Namibia (SWAPO)
- Sri Lanka
- Sudan
- Suriname
- Swaziland
- Syria
- Tanzania
- Togo
- Trinidad and Tobago
- Tunisia
- Uganda
- United Arab Emirates
- Vanuatu
- Venezuela
- Vietnam
- Yemen Arab Republic
- SFR Yugoslavia
- Zaire
- Zambia
- Zimbabwe
Observers
Following states, organizations and liberation movements participated in the conference as observers:[9]
- Antigua and Barbuda
- Brazil
- Mexico
- Mongolia
- Papua New Guinea
- Philippines
- Uruguay
- African National Congress
- Afro-Asian People's Solidarity Organisation
- Kanak and Socialist National Liberation Front
- International Center for Public Enterprises in Developing Countries
- Arab League
- Organization of African Unity
- Organisation of the Islamic Conference
- Pan Africanist Congress of Azania
- Socialist Party (Puerto Rico)
- United Nations
Guests
Unusually large number of states attended the conference as guests:[9]
- Australia
- Austria
- Bulgaria
- Canada
- Czechoslovakia
- Finland
- East Germany
- Greece
- Holy See
- Hungary
- New Zealand
- Norway
- Poland
- Portugal
- Romania
- San Marino
- Spain
- Sweden
- Switzerland
Alongside states following organizations attended as guests:
Cultural Heritage
Belgrade Urban Monuments Submitted by Yugoslav Municipalities
The 1989 conference was commemorated in various ways including by commemorative gifts to the City of Belgrade by various Yugoslav municipalities, companies and individuals. The City of Skopje, capital of the Socialist Republic of Macedonia, sent the Associative Figure by Vasil Vasilev.[10] Other municipalities from Macedonia provided mosaic by Momčilo Petrovski for a building in Knez Mihailova Street, number 27.[11]
Municipalities from the regions of
Municipalities from the Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina provided a mural by Ibrahim Ljubović for a building at Terazije.[17] The City of Sarajevo provided a replica of Sebilj in Sarajevo for the Skadarlija street.[18] Municipalities from the Socialist Republic of Montenegro provided a sculpture installation at the Tašmajdan Park named Kućište by artist Ratko Vulanović.[19]
Municipalities from the region of Banat in the Socialist Autonomous Province of Vojvodina provided commemorative Banat fountain by Mišo Berbakov.[20] The City of Novi Sad, together with municipalities of Ada, Apatin, Bač, Bačka Palanka, Bački Petrovac, Bečej, Žabalj, Kanjiža, Kula, Mali Iđoš, Odžaci, Senta, Sombor, Inđija, Irig, Pećinci, Ruma, Sremska Mitrovica, Stara Pazova and Šid provided representative Waterfalls fountain by Đorđe Bobić and Čedomir Vasić in front of the Yugoslav Drama Theatre.[21] Kikinda provided a sculpture Wild Boar by Nikola Vukosavljević exhibited in the Tašmajdan Park.[22] Municipal associations from Central Serbia and Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo provided conservation of the 1948 monument The Wounded by Vanja Radauš in front of the Yugoslav Drama Theatre as well as the mural by Slobodan Jevtić Pulika.[23]
While the Socialist Republic of Slovenia initially wanted to provide the reconstruction of the Belgrade monument Sima Igumanov with orhpans by Slovene artist Lojze Dolinar, once the cast of the monument could not be found anywhere in Yugoslavia the republic decided to scrap any alternative proposal making Slovenia the only republic that haven't participated in memorialization.[10] The City of Zagreb considered giving replica of the Manduševac fountain from the Republic Square and replica of the Antun Gustav Matoš statue yet the idea was doped due to limited funding.[10]
References
- ^ 9th Summit Conference of Heads of State or Government of the Non-Aligned Movement (PDF) (Report). [James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies. 1989.
- ^ The Associated Press. 10 September 1988. Retrieved 23 September 2021.
- ^ "Foreign ministers of the non-aligned group of nations early..." United Press International. 11 September 1988. Retrieved 23 September 2021.
- ^ ISBN 978-953-266-203-0.
- ^ ISBN 978-953358239-9.
- ^ a b c "In 9th Summit, Nonaligned Bloc Is Likely to Ease Anti-U.S. Policy". The New York Times. 5 September 1989. Retrieved 23 September 2021.
- ^ "Šilović: Za Hrvate sam izdajnik, a za Srbe neprijatelj". PCNEN. 18 September 2011. Retrieved 23 September 2021.
- ^ Petar Minić (n.d.). "Konferencije Pokreta nesvrstanih - kada je Beograd bio Svet". 011info.com. Retrieved 23 September 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f 9th Summit Conference of Heads of State or Government of the Non-Aligned Movement (PDF) (Report). The Uganda Chairmanship 2024-2027. 1989.
- ^ a b c n.a. (n.d.). "Asocijativna figura". Nesvrstani.rs, Museum of African Art, Belgrade. Retrieved 1 February 2024.
- ^ n.a. (n.d.). "Mozaik Momčila Petrovskog". Nesvrstani.rs, Museum of African Art, Belgrade. Retrieved 1 February 2024.
- ^ n.a. (n.d.). "Česma u parku Manjež". Nesvrstani.rs, Museum of African Art, Belgrade. Retrieved 1 February 2024.
- ^ n.a. (n.d.). "Česma u Studentskom parku". Nesvrstani.rs, Museum of African Art, Belgrade. Retrieved 1 February 2024.
- ^ n.a. (n.d.). "Mural Ivana Rabuzina". Nesvrstani.rs, Museum of African Art, Belgrade. Retrieved 1 February 2024.
- ^ n.a. (n.d.). "Pobjeda". Nesvrstani.rs, Museum of African Art, Belgrade. Retrieved 1 February 2024.
- ^ n.a. (n.d.). "Žena koja sedi". Nesvrstani.rs, Museum of African Art, Belgrade. Retrieved 1 February 2024.
- ^ n.a. (n.d.). "Mural Ibrahima Ljubovića". Nesvrstani.rs, Museum of African Art, Belgrade. Retrieved 1 February 2024.
- ^ n.a. (n.d.). "Sebilj na Skadarliji". Nesvrstani.rs, Museum of African Art, Belgrade. Retrieved 1 February 2024.
- ^ n.a. (n.d.). "Kućište". Nesvrstani.rs, Museum of African Art, Belgrade. Retrieved 1 February 2024.
- ^ n.a. (n.d.). "Banatska česma". Nesvrstani.rs, Museum of African Art, Belgrade. Retrieved 1 February 2024.
- ^ n.a. (n.d.). "Fontana Slap". Nesvrstani.rs, Museum of African Art, Belgrade. Retrieved 1 February 2024.
- ^ n.a. (n.d.). "Vepar". Nesvrstani.rs, Museum of African Art, Belgrade. Retrieved 1 February 2024.
- ^ n.a. (n.d.). "Konzervacija Ranjenika i mural Slobodana Jevtića Pulike". Nesvrstani.rs, Museum of African Art, Belgrade. Retrieved 1 February 2024.