1964

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1964 (MCMLXIV) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1964th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 964th year of the 2nd millennium, the 64th year of the 20th century, and the 5th year of the 1960s decade.

Events

January

• January 1 – The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is dissolved.^[1]
• Patriarch Athenagoras I of Constantinople
  meet in Jerusalem.
• January 6 – A British firm, the Leyland Motor Corp., announces the sale of 450 buses to the Cuban government, challenging the United States blockade of Cuba.^[2]

• January 9 – Martyrs' Day: Armed clashes between United States troops and Panamanian civilians in the Panama Canal Zone precipitate a major international crisis, resulting in the deaths of 21 Panamanians and 4 U.S. soldiers.
• United States Surgeon General Luther Terry reports that smoking may be hazardous to one's health (the first such statement from the U.S. government).^[3]
• January 22 – Kenneth Kaunda is inaugurated as the first Prime Minister of Northern Rhodesia.^[4]
• People's Republic of China
  announce their decision to establish diplomatic relations.
• January 28 – A U.S. Air Force jet training aircraft that strays into East Germany is shot down by Soviet fighters near Erfurt; all three crewmen are killed.^[5][6]
• January 29–February 9 – The 1964 Winter Olympics are held in Innsbruck, Austria.
• January 29
  • The Soviet Union launches two scientific satellites, Elektron I and II, from a single rocket.
  • Ranger 6 is launched by the US space agency NASA, on a mission to carry television cameras and crash-land on the Moon.
• January 30 – General Nguyễn Khánh leads a bloodless military coup d'état, replacing Dương Văn Minh as Prime Minister of South Vietnam.

February

• poll tax.^[7]
• plebiscite in the disputed territory of Kashmir. In 1948, India had taken the issue of Kashmir to the United Nations Security Council
  and offered to hold a plebiscite in the held Kashmir under UN supervision.
• February 10 – Melbourne–Voyager collision: 82 Australian sailors die when a Royal Australian Navy aircraft carrier and a destroyer collide off New South Wales, Australia.^[8]
• February 11
  • Greeks and Turks begin fighting in Limassol, Cyprus.^[9]
  • The Republic of China severs diplomatic relations with France because of French recognition of the People's Republic of China.
• a military coup and his arch-rival, Jean-Hilaire Aubame, is installed in his place. However, French intervention restores M'ba's government the next day.^[10]
• crowned the heavyweight champion of the world.^[11]
• February 27 – The Italian government asks for help to keep the Leaning Tower of Pisa from toppling over.^[12]

March

• March 6
  • Constantine II becomes King of Greece, upon the death of his father King Paul.
  • American boxer
    Cassius Clay announces the change of his name to Muhammad Ali.^[13]
• March 10 – Soviet military forces shoot down an unarmed reconnaissance bomber that has strayed into East Germany; the 3 U.S. flyers parachute to safety.
• March 18 – 1964 Moscow protest: Approximately 50 Moroccan students break into the embassy of Morocco in the Soviet Union and stage an all-day sit-in protesting against sentencing of eleven people to death for the alleged assassination attempt of King Hassan II of Morocco.
• March 19 – The American Jerrie Mock sets out to become the first woman to fly solo around the world, completing her flight on April 17.
• March 20–June 6 – The first United Nations Conference on Trade and Development takes place.
• ESRO
  (European Space Research Organization) is established per an agreement signed on June 14, 1962.
• March 21 – Non ho l'età (music by Nicola Salerno, text by Mario Panzeri), sung by Gigliola Cinquetti, wins the Eurovision Song Contest 1964 for Italy.
• March 27 (Good Friday) – The Great Alaskan earthquake, the second-most powerful known (and the most powerful earthquake recorded in North American history) at a magnitude of 9.2, strikes Southcentral Alaska, killing 125 people and inflicting massive damage to the city of Anchorage.^[14]
• March 28 – King Saud of Saudi Arabia abdicates the throne.^[15] His brother, Prince Faisal, does not officially assume the throne until November.
• dictatorship in Brazil. It ends in 1985
  .

• April 8 – The U.S. Gemini 1 is launched, the first unmanned test of the 2-man spacecraft.
• April 9 – The United Nations Security Council adopts by a 9–0 vote a resolution deploring a British air attack on a fort in Yemen 12 days earlier, in which 25 persons were reported killed.
• April 11 – The Brazilian Congress elects Field Marshal Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco as President of Brazil.
• Best Actor in a Leading Role in Lilies of the Field.^[16]
• April 16 – In the Assize Court at Buckingham, England, sentences totalling 307 years are passed on twelve men who stole £2,600,000 in used bank notes, after holding up the night train from Glasgow to London in August 1963 – a heist that becomes known as the Great Train Robbery.^[17][18]
• April 19 – In Laos, the coalition government of Prince Souvanna Phouma is deposed by a right-wing military group, led by Brig. Gen. Kouprasith Abhay. Not supported by the United States, the coup is ultimately unsuccessful, and Souvanna Phouma is reinstated, remaining as Prime Minister until 1975.
• April 20
  • U.S. President
    Lyndon Johnson in New York, and Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev in Moscow, simultaneously announce plans to cut back production of materials for making nuclear weapons
    .
  • anti-apartheid movement.^[19]
  • In the UK, BBC Two television starts broadcasting for the first time.^[20]
• April 22

  

  • The 1964 New York World's Fair opens to celebrate the 300th anniversary of New Amsterdam being taken over by British forces and being renamed New York after the Duke of York (later King James II) in 1664. The fair runs until October 18, 1964, and reopens April 21, 1965, finally closing October 17, 1965. Although not internationally sanctioned, due to being within ten years of the Seattle World's Fair in 1962, so that some countries decline to attend, many have pavilions with exotic crafts, art and food.
  • British businessman
    Gordon Lonsdale.^[21]
• April 25 – Thieves steal the head of the Little Mermaid statue in Copenhagen, Denmark. Although the attack is attributed to Jørgen Nash, the Danish media blame painter Henrik Bruun, who never confesses to the crime).^[22]
• April 26 – Tanganyika and Zanzibar merge to form Tanzania.^[23]

May

• BASIC (Beginners' All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code), an easy to learn high level programming language which they have created.^[24] BASIC is eventually included on many computers
  and even some games consoles.
• May 2
  • Saigon.^[25]
  • Some 400–1,000 students march through Times Square, New York, and another 700 in San Francisco, in the first major student demonstration against the Vietnam War. Smaller marches also occur in Boston, Seattle, and Madison, WI.
  • Charles Eddie Moore, hitchhiking in Meadville, Mississippi, are kidnapped, beaten and murdered by members of the Ku Klux Klan. Their badly decomposed bodies are found by chance in July during the search for missing activists Chaney, Goodman, and Schwerner
    .
• May 7
  • FBI
    later reports that a cockpit recorder tape indicates that the pilot and co-pilot had been shot by a suicidal passenger.
  • At a mail rockets demonstration by Gerhard Zucker on Hasselkopf Mountain near Braunlage (Lower Saxonia, Germany), three people are killed by a rocket explosion.
• May 9 – South Korean President Park Chung Hee reshuffles his Cabinet, after a series of student demonstrations against his efforts to restore diplomatic and trade relations with Japan.
• May 12 – Twelve young men in New York City publicly burn their draft cards to protest against the Vietnam War, the first such act of war resistance.^[26][27]
• May 23 – Madeline Dassault, 63, wife of a French plane manufacturer and politician, is kidnapped while leaving her car in front of her Paris home; she is found unharmed the next day in a farmhouse 27 miles (43 km) from Paris.^[28]
• riots over a referee's decision in the Peru-Argentina
  game; 319 are killed, 500 injured.
• May 27 – The ongoing Colombian conflict starts.
• May 28 – The Charter of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) is released by the Arab League.
• Le Van Kim convicted of "lax morality".^[29][30]

• June 3 – South Korean President Park Chung Hee declares martial law in Seoul, after 10,000 student demonstrators overpower police.
• June 11
  • Greece rejects direct talks with Turkey over Cyprus.
  • Cologne school massacre: In Cologne, West Germany, Walter Seifert attacks students and teachers in an elementary school with a flamethrower, killing 10 and injuring 21.
• Robben Island prison.^[31]
• African Americans as possible in Mississippi, begins with orientation sessions for the 300 volunteers at Western College for Women, Oxford, Ohio.^[32]
• June 20 – The Ford GT40 makes its first appearance at the 24 Hours of Le Mans. It does not see its first victory, however, until 2 years later in 1966. At the same event, the AC Cobra wins its class in its second Le Mans appearance.
• 1964 European Nations Cup
  .
• Moise Tshombe returns to the Democratic Republic of the Congo
  from exile in Spain.

• July 6 – Malawi receives its independence from the United Kingdom.^[33]
• July 18
  • Six days of
    race riots begin in Harlem, New York, United States, apparently prompted by the shooting of a teenager.^[34]
  • hemophiliacs around the world.^[35]
• July 19 – Vietnam War: At a rally in Saigon, South Vietnamese Prime Minister and military leader Nguyễn Khánh calls for expanding the war into North Vietnam.^[36]
• July 20
  • Vietnam War: Viet Cong forces attack a provincial capital, killing 11 South Vietnamese military personnel and 40 civilians (30 of which are children).
  • The National Movement of the Revolution is established in the Republic of the Congo, becoming the country's sole legal political party.^[37]
• July 21 – Race riots begin in Singapore between ethnic Chinese and Malays.^[38]
• July 22 – The second meeting of the Organisation of African Unity is held.
• July 24 – A minor criticality accident takes place at a United Nuclear Corporation Fuels recovery plant in Wood River Junction, Rhode Island, United States, causing the death of one worker.
• July 27 – Vietnam War: The U.S. sends 5,000 more military advisers to South Vietnam, bringing the total number of United States forces in Vietnam to 21,000.
• July 31 – Ranger program: Ranger 7 sends back the first close-up photographs of the Moon (images are 1,000 times clearer than anything ever seen from Earth-bound telescopes).

August

• August 2 – Vietnam War: United States destroyer Maddox is attacked in the Gulf of Tonkin. Air support from the carrier USS Ticonderoga sinks one gunboat, while the other two leave the battle.
• August 5
  • Vietnam War: Operation Pierce Arrow – Aircraft from carriers USS Ticonderoga and USS Constellation bomb North Vietnam in retaliation for strikes against U.S. destroyers in the Gulf of Tonkin.
  • The Simba rebel army in the Democratic Republic of the Congo captures Stanleyville, and takes 1,000 Western hostages.
• August 7 – Vietnam War: The United States Congress passes the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, giving U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson broad war powers to deal with North Vietnamese attacks on U.S. forces.^[39]
• August 8 – A Rolling Stones gig in Scheveningen gets out of control. Riot police end the gig after about fifteen minutes, upon which spectators start to fight the riot police.^[40]
• Peter Anthony Allen are executed at Walton Prison in Liverpool.^[41]
• coup, General Nguyễn Khánh replaces Dương Văn Minh as South Vietnam's chief of state and establishes a new constitution, drafted partly by the U.S. Embassy.^[42]
• August 18 – The International Olympic Committee bans South Africa from the Tokyo Olympics on the grounds that its teams are racially segregated.^[43]
• August 20 – The International Telecommunications Satellite Consortium (Intelsat) began to work.
• Football League
  , aged 15 years and 185 days.
• Atlantic City nominates incumbent President Lyndon B. Johnson for a full term, and U.S. Senator Hubert Humphrey of Minnesota
  as his running mate.
• August 27 – Walt Disney's Mary Poppins has its world premiere in Los Angeles. It will go on to become Disney's biggest moneymaker, and winner of 5 Academy Awards, including a Best Actress. It is the first Disney film to be nominated for Best Picture.
• African American residents and police lead to 341 injuries and 774 arrests.^[44]

• September 2 – Indian Hungry generation poets, including Malay Roy Choudhury, are arrested on charges of conspiracy against the state and obscenity in literature.^[45]
• September 4 – The Forth Road Bridge opens over the Firth of Forth in Scotland.^[46]
• September 10 – The African Development Bank (AfDB) is founded.^[47]
• Beatles will not play to a segregated audience.^[48]
• September 14
  • The third period of the Second Vatican Council opens.^[49]
  • The London
    Daily Herald ceases publication, replaced by The Sun
    .
• Princess Anne-Marie of Denmark
  , who becomes Europe's youngest Queen at age 18 years, 19 days.
• September 21 – The island of Malta obtains independence from the United Kingdom.
• September 24 – The Warren Commission, the first official investigation of the assassination of United States President John F. Kennedy, submits its written report.^[50]
• September 25 – The Mozambican War of Independence is launched by FRELIMO.^[51]

October

• October – Robert Moog demonstrates the prototype Moog synthesizer.^[52]
• October 1
  • Three thousand student activists at the
    Berkeley Free Speech Movement
    .
  • The Shinkansen high-speed rail system, the world's first such system, is inaugurated in Japan, for the first sector between Tokyo and Osaka.
• October 5
  • Twenty-three men and thirty-one women escape to West Berlin through a narrow tunnel under the Berlin Wall.
  • Elizabeth II and The Duke of Edinburgh begin an 8-day visit to Canada.
• October 10–24 – The 1964 Summer Olympics are held in Tokyo, Japan, the first in an Asian country.
• October 12 – The Soviet Union launches Voskhod 1 into Earth orbit as the first spacecraft with a multi-person crew and the first flight without space suits. The flight is cut short and lands again on October 13 after 16 orbits.
• October 14 – American civil rights movement leader Martin Luther King Jr. becomes the youngest recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize, which is awarded to him for leading non-violent resistance to end racial prejudice in the United States.
• October 14–15 – Nikita Khrushchev is deposed as leader of the Soviet Union; Leonid Brezhnev and Alexei Kosygin assume power.
• October 15 – 1964 United Kingdom general election: The Labour Party wins a narrow victory over Sir Alec Douglas-Home's Conservative Party, which has been in power for 13 years. The new prime minister is Harold Wilson.^[53][54]
• atomic bomb in Sinkiang
  .
• October 22
  • Canada: A Federal Multi-Party Parliamentary Committee selects a design to become the new official Flag of Canada.
  • A 5.3
    kiloton nuclear device is detonated at the Tatum Salt Dome, 21 miles (34 km) from Hattiesburg, Mississippi, as part of the Vela Uniform
    program. This test is the Salmon phase of the Atomic Energy Commission's Project Dribble.
• October 24 – Northern Rhodesia, a former British protectorate, becomes the independent Republic of Zambia, ending 73 years of British rule.
• October 26 – Eric Edgar Cooke becomes the last man executed in Western Australia, for murdering 8 citizens in Perth between 1959 and 1963.
• October 27 – In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, rebel leader Christopher Gbenye takes 60 Americans and 800 Belgians hostage.
• October 29 – A collection of irreplaceable gemstones, including the 565-carat (113.0 g) Star of India, is stolen from the American Museum of Natural History in New York City.

November

• B-57
  jet bombers and other planes.
• November 3
  • 1964 United States presidential election: Incumbent President Lyndon B. Johnson defeats Republican challenger Barry Goldwater with over 60 percent of the popular vote.
  • The Bolivian government of President Víctor Paz Estenssoro is overthrown by a military rebellion led by General Alfredo Ovando Candía, commander-in-chief of the armed forces.
• Cape Kennedy but fails.^{[clarification needed}
  ]
• Indonesian Confrontation
  .
• November 19 – The United States Department of Defense announces the closing of 95 military bases and facilities, including Fort Jay, the Brooklyn Navy Yard and the Brooklyn Army Terminal.
• November 21
  • Second Vatican Council: The third period of the Catholic Church's ecumenical council closes. Lumen gentium, the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church, is promulgated.^[55]
  • The
    Verrazano-Narrows Bridge across New York Bay opens to traffic (the world's longest suspension bridge at this time).^[56]
• November 24 – Belgian paratroopers and mercenaries capture Stanleyville, but a number of hostages die in the fighting, among them American Evangelical Covenant Church missionary Paul Carlson.
• November 28
  • Mariner program: NASA launches the Mariner 4 space probe from Cape Kennedy toward Mars to take television pictures of that planet in July 1965.
  • Vietnam War:
    Maxwell Taylor, agree to recommend a plan for a 2-stage escalation of bombing in North Vietnam, to President Lyndon B. Johnson
    .
  • France performs an underground nuclear test at Ecker, Algeria.

December

• December 1 – Gustavo Díaz Ordaz takes office as President of Mexico.
• December 3
  • Berkeley Free Speech Movement: Police arrest about 800 students at the University of California, Berkeley, following their takeover of and massive sit-in at the Sproul Hall administration building. The sit-in most directly protested the U.C. Regents' decision to punish student activists for what many thought had been justified civil disobedience earlier in the conflict.^[57]
  • The Danish football club Brøndby IF is founded as a merger between the two local clubs Brøndbyøster Idrætsforening and Brøndbyvester Idrætsforening. The club wins the national championship Danish Superliga 10 times, and the Danish Cups six times, after joining the Danish top-flight football league in 1981.
• Government led by Prime Minister Robert Menzies hold their status quo, while the Labor Party led by Arthur Calwell lose one seat to the Democratic Labor Party, who hold the balance of power in the Senate alongside independent Reg Turnbull
  .
• December 10 – Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in Oslo, Norway.^[58]
• December 11 – Che Guevara addresses the United Nations General Assembly.^[59] A bazooka attack is launched at the Headquarters of the United Nations in New York City.
• December 12 – Jamhuri Day: Kenya becomes a republic, with Jomo Kenyatta as its first President.
• Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States (379 US 241 1964): The U.S. Supreme Court rules that, in accordance with the Civil Rights Act of 1964
  , establishments providing public accommodation must refrain from racial discrimination.
• December 18 – The Christmas flood of 1964 begins in the United States, affecting the Pacific Northwest and some of Northern California. It will continue until January 7, resulting in 19 deaths, serious damage to buildings, roads and bridges, and the loss of 4,000 head of livestock.^[60]
• General Dynamics F-111 Aardvark supersonic attack aircraft, developed for the U.S. Air Force, makes its first flight, at Carswell Air Force Base, Texas.^[61]
• December 22
  • A cyclone in the Palk Strait destroys the Indian town of Dhanushkodi, killing 1800 people.^[62]
  • The Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird makes its first flight at Palmdale, California.
• December 24 – The Brinks Hotel in Saigon, Vietnam, is bombed by the Viet Cong, resulting in the deaths of two US soldiers and injuries to a further 60 people, including civilians.^[63]
• UN General Assembly.^[64]

• Spring – First recognition of
  cosmic microwave background radiation as a detectable phenomenon.^[65]
• Jerome Horwitz synthesizes zidovudine (AZT), an antiviral drug which will later be used in treating HIV.^[66]
• Farrington Daniels becomes an early advocate of solar energy in his book Direct Use of the Sun's Energy, published by Yale University Press in the United States.^[67]
• Rudi Gernreich designs the original monokini topless swimsuit in the U.S.^[68]
• The
  Vishva Hindu Pariṣad is founded in India.^[69]

• President of Guinea
• January 2 – Pernell Whitaker, American boxer (died 2019)^[70]
• January 4
  • Alexandre Fadeev, Soviet figure skater
  • Dot-Marie Jones, American actress and retired athlete (competed as Dot Jones)
• January 5 – Miguel Ángel Jiménez, Spanish golfer^[71]
• January 6
  • Henry Maske, German boxer^[72]
  • Anthony Scaramucci, American financier, entrepreneur, and political figure^[73]
• January 7 – Nicolas Cage, American actor^[74]
• January 12 – Jeff Bezos, American Internet entrepreneur^[75]
• January 13 – Penelope Ann Miller, American actress
• January 17 – Michelle Obama, American attorney and author, former First Lady of the United States^[76]
• January 20
  • Koko Pimentel, Filipino politician, 28th President of the Senate of the Philippines^[77]
• January 23 – Mariska Hargitay, American actress
• January 27 – Bridget Fonda, American actress^[78]
• January 31 – Jeff Hanneman, American rock guitarist (Slayer) (died 2013)^[79]

February

• February 1 – Eli Ohana, Israeli football player and club chairman^[80]
• February 5
  • Laura Linney, American actress
  • Duff McKagan, American rock musician and songwriter^[81]
• February 10 – Francesca Neri, Italian actress
• February 11 – Ken Shamrock, American mixed martial arts fighter
• February 15 − Chris Farley, American actor and comedian (died 1997)^[82]
• February 16
  • Bebeto, Brazilian footballer^[83]
  • Christopher Eccleston, British actor^[84]
  • Valentina Yegorova, Russian distance runner^[85]
• February 18 − Matt Dillon, American actor and film director
• February 19 − Jennifer Doudna, American biochemist^[86]
• February 20
  • Rudi Garcia, French football manager^[87]
  • French Stewart, American actor
• February 22 − Gigi Fernández, American tennis player^[88]
• February 23 − John Norum, Norwegian-Swedish guitarist (Europe)
• February 24 - Yudas Sabaggalet, Indonesian politician^[89]
• February 28 – Djamolidine Abdoujaparov, Uzbekistani cyclist

March

• March 7
  • Bret Easton Ellis, American author^[90]
  • Vladimir Smirnov, Kazakh cross-country skier^[91]
  • Wanda Sykes, African-American comedian and actress
• March 9 – Juliette Binoche, French actress
• March 10
  • Edith Lucie Bongo, First Lady of Gabon (died 2009)
  • Neneh Cherry, Swedish-born singer-songwriter
  • Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh, British prince and third son (youngest child) of Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
• March 16
  • Pascal Richard, Swiss road bicycle racer^[92]
  • Gore Verbinski, American film director
• March 17 – Rob Lowe, American actor^[93]
• March 18
  • Bonnie Blair, American speed skater^[94]
• March 24 – Liz McColgan, British long-distance runner athlete^[95]
• March 26 – Maria Miller, British politician^[96]
• March 30
  • Vera Zimmermann, Brazilian actress
  • Tracy Chapman, African-American singer^[97]
  • Ian Ziering, American actor

April

• April 1 – Erik Breukink, Dutch cyclist and manager
• April 3
  • Nigel Farage, British politician^[98]
  • Bjarne Riis, Danish cyclist^[99]
  • Yelena Ruzina, Russian Olympic athlete^[100]
• April 4 – David Cross, American actor and comedian^[101]
• April 6 – David Woodard, American conductor
• April 7 – Russell Crowe, New Zealand-born actor^[93]
• April 10 – Hiroshi Tsuburaya, Japanese actor (died 2001)
• April 14 – Jim Grabb, American tennis player^[102]
• April 16 – Esbjörn Svensson Swedish jazz pianist (d. 2008)^[103]
• April 17
  • Maynard James Keenan, American rock musician (Tool)^[104]
  • Rachel Notley, Canadian politician, Premier of Alberta 2015–2019^[105]
• April 20
  • John Carney, American football player^[106]
  • Crispin Glover, American actor
  • Andy Serkis, English actor
• April 21
  • Ludmila Engquist, Russian-born Swedish hurdler^[107]
  • Ahmed Radhi, Iraqi footballer (d. 2020)^[108]
• April 24 – Djimon Hounsou, Beninese actor and model^[109]
• April 25 – Hank Azaria, American actor, voice artist and comedian
• April 28 – L'Wren Scott, American fashion designer (d. 2014)
• April 30
  • Abhishek Chatterjee, Indian actor
  • Tony Fernandes, Malaysian entrepreneur and businessman

May

• May 1 – Yvonne van Gennip, Dutch speed-skater^[110]
• May 5
  • Heike Henkel, German Olympic athlete^[111]
  • Minami Takayama, Japanese voice actress and singer (Two-Mix and DoCo)
• May 8 – Melissa Gilbert, American actress and president of the Screen Actors Guild^[112]
• May 10 – Emmanuelle Devos, French actress^[113]
• May 13 – Stephen Colbert, American comedian, political commentator, and television personality; host of The Late Show with Stephen Colbert
• May 19 – Samuel Okwaraji, Nigerian footballer (died 1989)
• May 20 – Charles Spencer, 9th Earl Spencer, British aristocrat, author, print journalist and broadcaster. Younger brother of Diana, Princess of Wales.^[114]
• May 21 – Rui Maria de Araújo, East Timorese politician
• Ruth Metzler-Arnold
  , member of the Swiss Federal Council
• May 24 – Adrian Moorhouse, British swimmer^[115]
• May 25 – Ray Stevenson, Northern Irish-born actor (d. 2023)
• May 26 – Lenny Kravitz, American singer, songwriter, and actor^[116]
• May 28 – Jeff Fenech, Australian boxer^[117]
• May 29 – Arumugam Thondaman, Sri Lankan politician (died 2020)
• May 30 – Tom Morello, American musician and political activist (Rage Against the Machine, Audioslave, Prophets of Rage)

June

• June 3 – James Purefoy, British actor
• June 7 – Gia Carides, Greek-Australian actress
• June 9 – Gloria Reuben, Canadian-American actress^[118]
• June 10
  • Ben Daniels, English actor^[119]
  • Vincent Perez, Swiss actor, director and photographer
  • Kate Flannery, American actress
• June 13
  • Kathy Burke, English actress and comedian^[120]
  • Šarūnas Marčiulionis, Lithuanian basketball player^[121]
• June 15
  • Courteney Cox, American actress
  • Michael Laudrup, Danish footballer and manager
• June 17 – Michael Gross, German swimmer^[122]
• June 18 – Uday Hussein, Iraqi Army commander (d. 2003)
• June 19 – Boris Johnson, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom 2019–2022
• June 20 – Ethella Chupryk, Ukrainian pianist (d. 2019)
• June 21
  • Dean Saunders, Welsh football manager and former professional footballer^[123]
  • Kiyoshi Okuma, Japanese football player and manager
• June 22
  • Dan Brown, American author
  • Miroslav Kadlec, Czech football defender
  • Nico Jalink, Dutch footballer and football manager
• June 23
  • Astrid Carolina Herrera, Venezuelan actress
  • Joss Whedon, American screenwriter^[124]
• June 24 – Günther Mader, Austrian alpine ski racer
• June 25 – Johnny Herbert, English racing driver
• June 26 – Tommi Mäkinen, Finnish rally driver
• June 30 – Alexandra, Countess of Frederiksborg, Danish aristocrat

July

• July 1
  • Yu Long, Chinese conductor
  • Bernard Laporte, French rugby player and coach
  • Loli Sánchez, Spanish basketball player
  • Chie Satō, Japanese voice actress
• July 2 – Jose and Ozzie Canseco, Cuban-born American baseball players; twin brothers
• July 3
  • Joanne Harris, English novelist
  • Aleksei Serebryakov, Russian-Canadian actor
  • Yeardley Smith, American actress, voice actress, comedian, writer and artist
• July 4 – Edi Rama, 33rd Prime Minister of Albania^[125]
• July 5 – Stephen H. Scott, Canadian neuroscientist and engineer
• July 6 – Kim Jee-woon, South Korean film director and screenwriter
• July 9 – Courtney Love, American musician/actress
• July 11 – Goran Radaković, Serbian actor
• July 13 – Pascal Hervé, French road racing cyclist^[126]
• July 15
  • Tetsuji Hashiratani, Japanese football player and manager
  • Tengku Zulpuri Shah Raja Puji, Malaysian politician
• Miguel Indurain, Spanish cyclist^[127]
• July 18 – Wendy Williams, African-American talk show host^[128]
• July 19
  • Teresa Edwards, American basketball player^[129]
  • Miyeegombyn Enkhbold, Mongolian politician
• July 20
  • Chris Cornell, American singer (Soundgarden, Audioslave, Temple of the Dog) (died 2017)
  • Deon Lotz, South African actor
• July 22 – David Spade, American actor and comedian
• July 24
  • Barry Bonds, African-American baseball player^[130]
  • Pedro Passos Coelho, 118th Prime Minister of Portugal ^[131]
• July 26
  • Sandra Bullock, American actress and film producer^[132]
  • Ancelma Perlacios, Bolivian politician and trade unionist
  • Anne Provoost, Belgian author
• July 28 – Lori Loughlin, American actress^[133]
• July 30
  • Vivica A. Fox, American actress
  • Jürgen Klinsmann, German football player and manager^[134]
• C.C. Catch
  , Dutch-born German singer

August

• August 1 – Natalya Shikolenko, Belarusian javelin thrower^[135]
• August 2 – Mary-Louise Parker, American actress^[136]
• August 3
  • Lucky Dube, South African reggae musician (died 2007)^[137]
  • Abhisit Vejjajiva, 27th Prime Minister of Thailand^[138]
• August 8 – Giuseppe Conte, Italian Prime Minister
• August 13 – Ian Haugland, Norwegian-Swedish drummer (Europe)
• Melinda Gates, American philanthropist^[139]
• August 17 – Deen Castronovo, American drummer^[140]
• August 22 – Mats Wilander, Swedish tennis player^[141]
• August 24 – Salizhan Sharipov, Russian cosmonaut and astronaut^[142]
• August 25
  • Maxim Kontsevich, Russian mathematician^[143]
  • Azmin Ali, Malaysian politician
• August 26 – Torsten Schmitz, German boxer

September

• September 2 – Keanu Reeves, Canadian actor ^[144]
• September 6 – Rosie Perez, American actress and comedian
• September 7
  • María Fernanda Espinosa, Ecuadorian politician and diplomat
  • Eazy-E, American rapper and record producer (d. 1995)^[145]
  • karateka and kickboxer (died 2000)^[146]
• September 10
  • Jack Ma, Chinese business magnate and billionaire internet entrepreneur
  • Yegor Letov, Russian singer (died 2008)^[147]
• September 13 – Simegnew Bekele, Ethiopian engineer and public administrator (died 2018)
• September 15 – Robert Fico, Prime Minister of Slovakia
• September 16 – Molly Shannon, American actress
• September 19
  • Yvonne Vera, Zimbabwean actress (died 2005)
  • Trisha Yearwood, American country singer^[148]
• September 20 – Maggie Cheung, Hong Kong actress
• September 21 – Jorge Drexler, Uruguayan musician^[149]
• September 23
  • Josefa Idem, German-born Italian kayaker
  • Koshi Inaba, Japanese singer (B'z)
• September 25
  • Marc Benioff, American Internet entrepreneur and philanthropist^[150]
  • Kikuko Inoue, Japanese singer and voice actress
  • Carlos Ruiz Zafón, Spanish novelist (died 2020)
• September 27 – Stephan Jenkins, American singer and rock musician (Third Eye Blind)^[151]
• September 28
  • Gregoria Díaz, Venezuelan journalist (died 2023)^[152][153]
  • Janeane Garofalo, American actress and comedian
• September 30 – Monica Bellucci, Italian actress and model

October

• October 2 – Makharbek Khadartsev, Russian free-style wrestler^[154]
• October 3 – Clive Owen, English actor^[155]
• October 4 – Yvonne Murray, Scottish athlete^[156]
• October 6 – Tom Jager, American swimmer^[157]
• October 9
  • Guillermo del Toro, Mexican film director^[158]
  • Martín Jaite, Argentine tennis player^[159]
• October 10 – Maxi Gnauck, German gymnast^[160]
• October 20 – Kamala Harris, politician and attorney, 49th vice president of the United States
• October 22
  • Dražen Petrović, Croatian basketball player (died 1993)
  • Paul McStay, Scottish footballer^[161]
• October 24 – Rosana Arbelo, Spanish singer and composer
• October 25
  • Nicole Seibert, German singer, Eurovision Song Contest 1982 winner^[162]
  • Andreas Münzer, Austrian bodybuilder (died 1996)
• October 26 – Elisabeta Lipă, Romanian rower^[163]
• October 27 – Mary T. Meagher, American swimmer^[164]
• October 30 – Tabitha St. Germain, Canadian voice actress and singer^{[citation needed]}
• October 31 – Marco van Basten, Dutch footballer and manager

November

• November 3 – Paprika Steen, Danish actress^[165]
• November 10 – Magnús Scheving, Icelandic producer^{[citation needed]}
• November 11 – Calista Flockhart, American actress
• November 12
  • David Ellefson, American rock bassist (Megadeth)
  • Jakob Hlasek, Swiss tennis player^[166]
  • Michael Kremer, American development economist, recipient of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences^[167]
• November 16
  • Diana Krall, Canadian jazz pianist and singer^[168]
  • Valeria Bruni Tedeschi, Italian-French actress
• Phil Hughes
  , Irish footballer and coach
• November 20 – Doug Ford, 26th Premier of Ontario^[169]
• November 22 – Apetor, Norwegian YouTuber (d. 2021)^[170]
• November 23 – Erika Buenfil, Mexican actress and singer^[171]
• November 24 – Conleth Hill, Irish actor
• November 26 – Vreni Schneider, Swiss alpine skier^[172]
• November 27 – Ronit Elkabetz, Israeli actress, writer and filmmaker (died 2016)
• November 28
  • Giorgi Bagaturov, Georgian-Armenian chess grandmaster
  • Oscar Muñoz, Colombian wrestler
• November 29 – Don Cheadle, African-American actor^[173]

December

• December 1 – Salvatore Schillaci, Italian footballer
• December 4
  • Sertab Erener, Turkish singer-songwriter, Eurovision Song Contest 2003 winner
  • Marisa Tomei, American actress^[174]
• December 8 – Teri Hatcher, American actress, writer, presenter and singer
• December 9 – Paul Landers, German rock musician (Rammstein)^[175]
• December 10 – Edith González, Mexican actress (died 2019)^[176]
• December 13 – Hide, Japanese musician (died 1998)^[177]
• December 16 – Heike Drechsler, German track-and-field athlete^[178]
• December 18
  • Stone Cold Steve Austin, American professional wrestler and actor^[179]
  • Pierre Nkurunziza, 8th President of Burundi (died 2020)^[180]
• December 19 – Arvydas Sabonis, Lithuanian basketball player^[181]
• December 23 – Eddie Vedder, American rock singer (Pearl Jam)^[182]
• Unknown – Josh Harris, American investor and sports team owner^[183]

Deaths

January

• January 4 – Andreas Hermes, German agricultural scientist and politician (born 1878)^[184]
• January 8 – Julius Raab, Austrian politician, 14th Chancellor of Austria (born 1891)^[185]
• January 9 – Halide Edib Adıvar, Turkish novelist (born 1884)
• January 11 – Bechara El Khoury, 2nd Prime Minister of Lebanon and 6th President of Lebanon (born 1890)
• January 15
  • Tawfiq Canaan, Palestinian doctor (born 1882)
  • Jack Teagarden, American jazz trombonist (born 1905)^[186]
• January 21
  • Joseph Baumgartner, German politician (born 1904)
  • Joseph Schildkraut, Austrian actor (born 1896)
• January 22
  • Lissy Arna, German actress (born 1900)
  • Marc Blitzstein, American composer (born 1905)^[187]
• January 23
  • Roman Catholic laywoman and venerable (born 1936
    )
  • Lucila Gamero de Medina, Honduranian novelist (born 1873)
• January 29
  • Adolfo Diaz Recinos, 2-time President of Nicaragua (born 1875
    )
  • Alan Ladd, American actor (born 1913)^[188]
• January 31 – Kanysh Satbayev, Kazakh academician and geologist (born 1899)

February

• February 3
  • Infante Alfonso, Duke of Calabria (born 1901)
  • Giuseppe Amato, Italian producer, director and screenwriter (born 1899)
• February 5 – Matilde Moisant, American pilot (born 1878)^[189]
• February 6 – Emilio Aguinaldo, Filipino general and 1st President of the Philippines (born 1869)
• February 7 – Sofoklis Venizelos, Greek politician, three-time Prime Minister of Greece (born 1894)
• February 8 – Ernst Kretschmer, German psychiatrist (born 1888)^{[citation needed]}
• February 10 – Eugen Sänger, Austrian aerospace engineer (born 1905)
• February 12 – Gerald Gardner, English polymath, founder of Wiccan religion (born 1884)^[190]
• February 13 – Paulino Alcántara, Filipino-Spanish footballer (born 1896)
• Reginald Garrigou-Lagrange, French theologian (born 1877)^[191]
• February 18 – Joseph-Armand Bombardier, Canadian inventor of the snowmobile and founder of Bombardier Inc. (born 1907)
• February 25
  • Alexander Archipenko, Ukrainian-American sculptor (born 1887)
  • Mariano Jesús Cuenco, Filipino politician and writer (born 1888)^[192]
  • Grace Metalious, American writer (born 1924)^[193]
• February 27 – Orry-Kelly, Australian-born costume designer (born 1897)

March

• March 6 – King Paul of Greece (born 1901)
• March 9 – Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck, German general (born 1870)
• Abbās al-Aqqād, Egyptian journalist (born 1889
  )
• March 18
  • Sigfrid Edström, Swedish industrialist, 4th President of the International Olympic Committee (born 1870)
  • Norbert Wiener, American mathematician (born 1894)^[194]
• March 19 – Leo Maximilian Baginski, German entrepreneur (born 1891)
• March 20 – Brendan Behan, Irish poet and writer (born 1923)^[195]
• March 23 – Peter Lorre, Hungarian-born actor (born 1904)^[196]
• March 25 – Alfredo Bigatti, Argentine sculptor (born 1898)
• March 30
  • Birinchi Kumar Barua, Indian folklorist (born 1908)
  • Nella Larsen, American novelist (born 1891)^[197]

April

• April 1 – Božidar Kunc, Yugoslav composer (born 1903)
• April 3 – Franz Joseph, Prince of Hohenzollern-Emden (born 1891)
• April 5 – Douglas MacArthur, U.S. Army general, Supreme Allied Commander in Japan after World War II (born 1880)
• Prime Minister of Bhutan (born 1919; assassinated)^[198]
• April 13 – Veit Harlan, German film director (born 1899)
• April 14
  • Tatyana Afanasyeva, Soviet mathematician and physicist (born 1876)
  • Rachel Carson, American biologist and environmental writer (born 1907)^[199]
• April 18
  • Fumio Asakura, Japanese sculptor (born 1883)
  • Ben Hecht, American screenwriter (born 1894)
• April 20
  • Dimitar Ganev, Bulgarian communist politician, head of the State (born 1898)
  • August Sander, German photographer (born 1876)^[200]
• April 21 – Bharathidasan, Indian Tamil poet and rationalist (born 1891)^[201]
• April 24 – Gerhard Domagk, German bacteriologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (declined) (born 1895)
• April 29 – Wenceslao Fernández Flórez, Spanish journalist and novelist (born 1885)

May

• May 2 – Nancy Astor, Viscountess Astor, American-born British politician (born 1879)
• May 6 – José Maza Fernández, Chilean politician, lawyer and diplomat (born 1889)
• May 8 – Kichisaburō Nomura, Japanese admiral and diplomat (born 1877)
• May 10 – Carol Haney, American dancer and actress (born 1924)
• May 13 – Diana Wynyard, English actress (born 1906)
• May 21 – James Franck, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1882)
• May 26 – Ruben Oskar Auervaara, Finnish fraudster (born 1906)^[202]
• May 27 – Jawaharlal Nehru, Indian politician, 1st Prime Minister of India (born 1889)
• Leó Szilárd, Hungarian-born American physicist (born 1898
  )

• June 3
  • Raoul Magrin-Vernerey, French army officer (born 1892)
  • Frans Eemil Sillanpää, Finnish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1888)
• June 6 – Prince Hermann of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (born 1886)
• June 7
  • Violet Attlee, Countess Attlee, wife of former British PM Clement Attlee (born 1895
    )
  • Charlie Llewellyn, first non-white South African Test cricketer (born 1876)
• June 8 – Carlos Quintanilla , 37th President of Bolivia (born 1888)
• June 9 – Max Aitken, 1st Baron Beaverbrook, Canadian-born British newspaper publisher and politician (born 1879)
• June 11
  • Catharine Carter Critcher, American painter (born 1868)
  • John Eke, Swedish Olympic athlete (born 1886)^[203]
  • Plaek Phibunsongkhram, Thai field marshal and 3rd Prime Minister of Thailand (born 1897)
• June 18 – Giorgio Morandi, Italian painter (born 1890)
• June 24 – Stuart Davis, American painter (born 1892)^[204]
• June 25 – Gerrit Rietveld, Dutch architect (born 1888)
• June 27 – Salvatore Aldisio, Italian politician (born 1890)
• June 29 – Eric Dolphy, American saxophonist (born 1928)

July

• July 1 – Pierre Monteux, French conductor (born 1875)
• July 2 – Fireball Roberts, American race car driver and a member of the NASCAR Hall of Fame (born 1929)
• July 6 – Zeng Junchen, Sichuan's 'King of Opium' (born 1888)
• July 7 – Lillian Copeland, American athlete (born 1904)^[205]
• July 11 – Maurice Thorez, leader of the French Communist Party (born 1900)
• July 14 – Prince Axel of Denmark (born 1888)
• July 15 – Luis Batlle Berres, Uruguayan political figure, 30th President of Uruguay (born 1897)
• July 16 – Alfred Junge, German-born art director (born 1886)
• July 21 – Jean Fautrier, French painter and sculptor (born 1898)
• July 22
  • Leonid Baratov, Soviet director (born 1895)
  • Gildo Bocci, Italian actor (born 1886)
• July 23 – Thakin Kodaw Hmaing, Burmese poet and politician (born 1876)
• July 25 – Sir John Latham, Australian judge and politician (born 1877)^[206]
• July 31 – Jim Reeves, American country singer (born 1923)

August

• August 3 – Flannery O'Connor, American writer (born 1925)^[207]
• August 6 – Sir Cedric Hardwicke, English actor (born 1893)
• August 7
  • Salima Machamba, Sultan of Mohéli (born 1874)^[208]
  • Aleksander Zawadzki, Polish politician, 12th President of Poland (born 1899)
• August 9 – Fontaine Fox, American cartoonist (born 1884)
• August 11 – André Aymard, French historian (born 1900)
• August 12
  • Isidro Fabela, Mexican judge and politician (born 1882)
  • Ian Fleming, British writer (born 1908)^[209]
  • Dmitry Dmitrievich Maksutov, Soviet astronomer and inventor (born 1896)
• August 13 – Mushtaq Hussain Khan, Indian musician (born 1878)
• August 14 – Johnny Burnette, American singer (born 1934)
• August 18 – Mohammad Gul Khan Momand, Afghani politician (born 1885)
• August 20 – Anthony de Francisci, Italian-born American sculptor (born 1887)
• August 21 – Palmiro Togliatti, leader of the Italian Communist Party (born 1893)
• Eastern Catholic bishop, martyr and blessed (born 1893
  )
• August 23 – Estella Canziani, British painter (born 1887)
• August 27 – Gracie Allen, American actress and comedian, known as part of the comedy duo Burns and Allen (born 1895)
• August 28 – Lumsden Hare, Irish-born actor, theatre director, and theatre producer
• August 30 – Aleksei Aleksandrovich Grechkin, Soviet commander (born 1893)

September

• September 2
  • Francisco Craveiro Lopes, Portuguese military officer and politician, 12th President of Portugal (born 1894)
  • Alvin York, American hero of World War I (born 1887)
• September 17 – Clive Bell, English art critic (born 1881)
• September 18
  • J. Frank Dobie, American folklorist and journalist (b. 1888)^[210]
  • Seán O'Casey, Irish writer (born 1880)^[211]
• Prime Minister of the German Democratic Republic (born 1894
  )
• September 28 – Harpo Marx, American comedian, actor, mime artist, and musician (born 1888)
• September 29 – Fred Tootell, American Olympic athlete (born 1902)

October

• October 1 – Ernst Toch, Austrian composer (born 1887)
• October 10 – Eddie Cantor, American actor, comedian and dancer (born 1892)
• October 15 – Cole Porter, American composer and lyricist (born 1891)
• October 20 – Herbert Hoover, American politician, 31st President of the United States (born 1874)
• October 22 – Khawaja Nazimuddin, Pakistani political figure, 2nd Prime Minister of Pakistan (born 1894)
• October 25 – Joe Henderson, American rhythm and blues and gospel music singer (born 1937)
• October 27
  • Pierre C. Cartier, French jeweller (born 1878
    )
  • Rudolph Maté, Polish cinematographer (born 1898)
• October 29
  • Claudio Ermelli, Italian actor (born 1892)
  • Henry Larsen, Canadian explorer (born 1899)

November

• November 2
  • Sir Charles Allfrey, British general (b. 1895)^[212]
  • President of Panama (born 1899
    )
• November 5
  • Mabel Lucie Attwell, British illustrator (born 1879)
  • John S. Robertson, Canadian film director (born 1878)
• November 6 – Hans von Euler-Chelpin, German-born chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1873)
• November 10 - Jimmie Dodd, American actor, singer and songwriter (b. 1910)
• November 11
  • Roman Catholic clergyman and servant of God (born 1880
    )
  • Juan de Dios Filiberto, Argentine violinist (born 1885)
  • Eduard Steuermann, Austrian-American pianist and composer (born 1892)
• November 12 – Rickard Sandler, Swedish politician, 20th Prime Minister of Sweden (born 1884)
• November 13 – Oskar Becker, German philosopher (born 1889)
• November 14 – Heinrich von Brentano, German politician (born 1904)
• November 18 – Tommaso Besozzi, Italian journalist (born 1903)
• November 25 – Clarence Kolb, American actor (born 1874)
• November 29 – Anne de Vries, Dutch writer (born 1904)

December

• December 1
  • Roman Catholic religious sister (born 1939
    )
  • J. B. S. Haldane, British geneticist (born 1892)
• December 4 – Pina Pellicer, Mexican actress (born 1934)
• December 5 – V. Veerasingam, Ceylon Tamil teacher and politician (born 1892)
• December 6 – Consuelo Vanderbilt, Duchess of Marlborough (born 1877)
• December 9 – Dame Edith Sitwell, British poet (born 1887)
• December 10 – Mariano Rossell y Arellano, Guatemalan clergyman (born 1894)
• December 11
  • Sam Cooke, American singer and songwriter (born 1931)^[213]
  • Alma Mahler, wife of Gustav Mahler (born 1879)
• December 13 – Ernesto Almirante, Italian actor (born 1877)
• December 14 – William Bendix, American actor (born 1906)
• December 15 – C. J. Hambro, Norwegian politician and journalist (born 1885)
• December 17 – Victor Francis Hess, Austrian-born American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1883)
• December 21 – Carl Van Vechten, American writer and photographer (born 1880)^[214]
• December 22 – Rosa Borja de Ycaza, Ecuadorian writer (born 1889)
• December 24 – Kuksha of Odessa, Eastern Orthodox priest (born 1875)
• December 29 – Vladimir Favorsky, Russian artist and engraver (born 1886)
• December 30 – Hans Gerhard Creutzfeldt, German neuropathologist (born 1885)^[215]
• December 31
  • Ronald Fairbairn, Scottish psychiatrist and psychoanalyst (born 1889)^[216]
  • Ólafur Thors, Icelandic politician, 8th Prime Minister of Iceland (born 1892)
  • Henry Maitland Wilson, British field marshal (born 1881)

Nobel Prizes

• Aleksandr Prokhorov
• Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin
• Konrad Bloch, Feodor Lynen
• Literature – Jean-Paul Sartre
• Peace – Martin Luther King Jr.

References