AGM-45 Shrike

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AGM-45 Shrike
Operation El Dorado Canyon
Gulf War
Production history
Designed1963
ManufacturerTexas Instruments and Sperry Rand/Univac
Produced1963-1982
No. built18,500
Specifications
Mass390 pounds (177.06 kg)
Length10 feet (3.05 m)
Diameter8 inches (203 mm)
Wingspan3 feet (914 mm)
Warhead67.5 kg (149 lb) MK 5 MOD 1 (or MK 86 MOD 1) blast-fragmentation, or 66.6 kg (147 lb) WAU-9/B blast-fragmentation
Operational
range
16 km AGM-45A,
Kfir, Kilshon system

AGM-45 Shrike is an American

Kilshon (Hebrew for Trident).[1][5]

History

A-4 Skyhawk
launching an AGM-45 Shrike

The Shrike was first employed during the

Fan Song radar some 15 miles (25 km) away for a flight time of 50 seconds. Tactics changed incrementally over the campaigns of 1966 and 1967 until the advent of the AGM-78 Standard ARM. That new weapon allowed launches from significantly longer range with a much easier attack profile, as the Standard could be launched up to 180 degrees off target and still expect a hit and its speed allowed it to travel faster than the SA-2. Even after the Standard missile entered service, the Weasels still carried the Shrike because the Standard cost about $200,000, while a Shrike cost only $7,000. If USAF pilots expended a Standard they would have to fill out a lengthy form during debriefing. A somewhat standard load for the F-105G was a 650 US gal (2,500 L) centerline fuel tank, two Standards on inboard pylons and two Shrikes on the outboard pylons. The mix varied slightly for jamming pods and the occasional AIM-9 Sidewinder but this was the baseline.[citation needed
]

The Shrike was involved in a

Subic Bay Naval Base to repair the damage.[6]

Although the Shrike missile did not enter regular service with the United Kingdom, it was covertly supplied by the United States to the RAF for use in the Falklands War of 1982. RAF Shrikes were fitted to modified Vulcan bombers in order to attack Argentine radar installations during Operation Black Buck. The main target was a Westinghouse AN/TPS-43 long range 3D radar that the Argentine Air Force deployed during April to guard Falklands' airspace. The Argentine operators were aware of the anti-radiation missiles and would simply turn it off during the Vulcan's approaches. This radar remained intact during the whole conflict. However, air defences remained operational during the attacks and the Shrikes hit two of the less valuable and rapidly replaced secondary fire control radars. After one Vulcan made an emergency landing at Rio de Janeiro, Brazilian authorities confiscated a Shrike which was not returned.[7]

About 95 AGM-45s were used in 1991 during Desert Storm against Iraqi air defense, mostly by F-4Gs.[8][unreliable source?]

Variants

There are many subvariants, each tuned to a different radar band. Angle gating, used to prioritize targets, was included in every subvariant of the AGM-45A and B after the A-2 and B-2. It was also slow and the lack of punch in the warhead made it difficult for bomb damage assessment, as well as inflicting any damage to the Fan Song Radar vans beyond a shattered radar dish, an easy item to replace or repair. The short range, combined with its lack of speed (compared to the SA-2 SAM) made for a difficult attack. The missile had to be well within the range of the SAM radar and if a SAM was fired the SAM would get to the aircraft first. Also the missile had few tolerances and had to be launched no more than + or − 3 degrees from the target[citation needed]. Many pilots in Vietnam did not like the Shrike because of its limitations and its success rate of around 25%.

The differences between the AGM-45A and B are in the rocket motor used, and in the warheads capable of being fitted. The AGM-45A used the Rocketdyne Mk 39 Mod 0 (or apparently in some cases the Aerojet Mk 53 Mod 1) motor, while the AGM-45B used Aerojet Mk 78 Mod 0 which greatly increased the range of the missile. As for warheads, the Mk 5 Mod 0, Mk 86 Mod 0, and WAU-8/B could all be fitted to the AGM-45A and were all blast-fragmentation in nature. The AGM-45B made use of the improved Mk 5 Mod 1 and Mk 86 Mod 1 warheads, as well as, the WAU-9/B, again all blast-fragmentation in type.

The following table provides information on what radar bands were associated with certain guidance sections, and the subvariant designation.

Shrike hitting a simulated target.
Designation Guidance Section Targeted Bands Primary Targets
AGM-45A-1 Mk 23 Mod 0 E/F Band
Fan Song[9]
AGM-45A-2

AGM-45B-2

Mk 22 Mod 0/1/2 G Band
Fan Song[10]
AGM-45A-3

AGM-45B-3

Mk 24 Mod 0/1/34 Broad E/F Band
Fan Song[10]
AGM-45A-3A

AGM-45B-3A

Mk 24 Mod 2/5 Narrow E/F Band
Fan Song[10]
AGM-45A-3B

AGM-45B-3B

Mk 24 Mod 3 E/F Band
Fan Song[10]
AGM-45A-4

AGM-45B-4

Mk 25 Mod 0/1 G Band
Fan Song[11]
AGM-45A-6

AGM-45B-6

Mk 36 Mod 1 I Band SNR-125 "Low Blow"[11]
AGM-45A-7

AGM-45B-7

Mk 37 Mod 0 E/F Band P-15 radar "Flat Face"[11]
AGM-45A-9

AGM-45B-9

Mk 49 Mod 0 I Band SNR-125 "Low Blow", 1S91 "Straight Flush"[11]
AGM-45A-9A

AGM-45B-9A

Mk 49 Mod 1 I Band, "G bias"
AGM-45A-10

AGM-45B-10

Mk 50 Mod 0 E Band to I Band Various[11]

The -5 (targeted at

Fan Song and M-11 Shtorm ("Head Lights") and -8 (targeted at P-18 radar "Spoon Rest" and P-14 radar ("Tall King") weapons never left development.[11]

Operators

A map with operators of the AGM-45 Shrike in blue

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c "[9.0] Anti-Radar Missiles". Archived from the original on 21 November 2011. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
  2. ^ Spencer Tucker, The encyclopedia of the Arab-Israeli conflict: a political, social, and military history. A–F, Volume 1, 2008, ABC-CLIO, p. 685
  3. ^ a b "AGM-45 Shrike". weaponsystems.net. Retrieved 11 April 2018.
  4. ^ "AGM-45 "Shrike" Anti-Radiation Missile". af.mil. Archived from the original on 29 December 2017. Retrieved 11 April 2018.
  5. ^ "Kilshon". www.israeli-weapons.com. Retrieved 11 April 2018.
  6. ^ "Worden (DLG-18) IV". Naval History and Heritage Command. United States Navy. Retrieved 8 September 2015.
  7. ^ "RAF – Operation Black Buck". Archived from the original on 14 February 2014. Retrieved 6 January 2013.
  8. ^ "AGM-45 Shrike". Archived from the original on 25 April 2012. Retrieved 27 December 2011.
  9. ISBN 9780160939709
    .
  10. ^ a b c d Naval Air Warfare Center China Lake Museum https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AGM-45_Shrike_seeker_display_1_of_2.jpg.
  11. ^ a b c d e f Naval Air Warfare Center China Lake Museum https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AGM-45_Shrike_seeker_display_2_of_2.jpg.
  12. ^ "AGM-45 Shrike". Retrieved 24 May 2018.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to AGM-45 Shrike.
Wikisource has several original texts related to Audio recordings and transcripts with comments of actual Wild Weasel combat missions over Vietnam..
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