AH receptor-interacting protein
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AH receptor-interacting protein (AIP) also known as aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein, immunophilin homolog ARA9, or HBV X-associated protein 2 (XAP-2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AIP gene.[5][6][7] The protein is a member of the FKBP family.
Function
AIP may play a positive role in aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated signalling possibly by influencing its receptivity for ligand and/or its nuclear targeting. AIP is the cellular negative regulator of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) X protein.[5] Further, it's been known to suppress antiviral signaling and the induction of type I interferon by targeting IRF7, a key player in the antiviral signal pathways.[8] AIP consists of an N-terminal FKBP52 like domain and a C-terminal TPR domain. [9]
Mutations and role in disease
AIP mutations may be the cause of a familial form of acromegaly, familial isolated pituitary adenoma (FIPA). Somatotropinomas (i.e. GH-producing pituitary adenomas), sometimes associated with prolactinomas, are present in most AIP mutated patients.[10]
Interactions
AIP has been shown to
interact with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor,[7][11][12] peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha[13] and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator.[7][14] Further, it has shown that AIP can interact with IRF7 to exert its novel function of negatively regulating antiviral signal pathways.[8]
References
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000110711 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024847 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ a b "Entrez Gene: AIP aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein".
- PMID 8972861.
- ^ PMID 9111057.
- ^ PMID 25911105.
- PMID 12213383.
- PMID 20530095.
- PMID 10986286.
- PMID 9083006.
- PMID 12482853.
- PMID 11259606.
Further reading
- Zhou Q, Lavorgna A, et al. (2015). "Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Interacting Protein Targets IRF7 to Suppress Antiviral Signaling and the Induction of Type I Interferon". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 290 (23): 14729–14739. PMID 25911105.
- Chen HS, Perdew GH (1994). "Subunit composition of the heteromeric cytosolic aryl hydrocarbon receptor complex". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (44): 27554–8. PMID 7961671.
- Ma Q, Whitlock JP (1997). "A novel cytoplasmic protein that interacts with the Ah receptor, contains tetratricopeptide repeat motifs, and augments the transcriptional response to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (14): 8878–84. PMID 9083006.
- Meyer BK, Pray-Grant MG, Vanden Heuvel JP, Perdew GH (1998). "Hepatitis B virus X-associated protein 2 is a subunit of the unliganded aryl hydrocarbon receptor core complex and exhibits transcriptional enhancer activity". Mol. Cell. Biol. 18 (2): 978–88. PMID 9447995.
- Carver LA, LaPres JJ, Jain S, et al. (1999). "Characterization of the Ah receptor-associated protein, ARA9". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (50): 33580–7. PMID 9837941.
- Gadelha MR, Une KN, Rohde K, et al. (2000). "Isolated familial somatotropinomas: establishment of linkage to chromosome 11q13.1-11q13.3 and evidence for a potential second locus at chromosome 2p16-12". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 85 (2): 707–14. PMID 10690880.
- Petrulis JR, Hord NG, Perdew GH (2001). "Subcellular localization of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor is modulated by the immunophilin homolog hepatitis B virus X-associated protein 2". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (48): 37448–53. PMID 10986286.
- Kazlauskas A, Poellinger L, Pongratz I (2001). "The immunophilin-like protein XAP2 regulates ubiquitination and subcellular localization of the dioxin receptor". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (52): 41317–24. PMID 11013261.
- Kazlauskas A, Sundström S, Poellinger L, Pongratz I (2001). "The hsp90 chaperone complex regulates intracellular localization of the dioxin receptor". Mol. Cell. Biol. 21 (7): 2594–607. PMID 11259606.
- Kazlauskas A, Poellinger L, Pongratz I (2002). "Two distinct regions of the immunophilin-like protein XAP2 regulate dioxin receptor function and interaction with hsp90". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (14): 11795–801. PMID 11805120.
- Patterson CE, Gao J, Rooney AP, Davis EC (2002). "Genomic organization of mouse and human 65 kDa FK506-binding protein genes and evolution of the FKBP multigene family". Genomics. 79 (6): 881–9. PMID 12036304.
- Berg P, Pongratz I (2002). "Two parallel pathways mediate cytoplasmic localization of the dioxin (aryl hydrocarbon) receptor". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (35): 32310–9. PMID 12065584.
- Dull AB, Carlson DB, Petrulis JR, Perdew GH (2002). "Characterization of the phosphorylation status of the hepatitis B virus X-associated protein 2". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 406 (2): 209–21. PMID 12361709.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. PMID 12477932.
- Sumanasekera WK, Tien ES, Turpey R, et al. (2003). "Evidence that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha is complexed with the 90-kDa heat shock protein and the hepatitis virus B X-associated protein 2". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (7): 4467–73. PMID 12482853.
- Zhao Y, Meng XM, Wei YJ, et al. (2004). "Cloning and characterization of a novel cardiac-specific kinase that interacts specifically with cardiac troponin I.". J. Mol. Med. 81 (5): 297–304. S2CID 13468188.
- Lees MJ, Peet DJ, Whitelaw ML (2003). "Defining the role for XAP2 in stabilization of the dioxin receptor". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (38): 35878–88. PMID 12837759.
- Yano M, Terada K, Mori M (2003). "AIP is a mitochondrial import mediator that binds to both import receptor Tom20 and preproteins". J. Cell Biol. 163 (1): 45–56. PMID 14557246.
- Ramadoss P, Petrulis JR, Hollingshead BD, et al. (2004). "Divergent roles of hepatitis B virus X-associated protein 2 (XAP2) in human versus mouse Ah receptor complexes". Biochemistry. 43 (3): 700–9. PMID 14730974.
- Occhi G, Trivellin G, Ceccato F, et al. (2010). "Prevalence of AIP mutations in a large series of sporadic Italian acromegalic patients and evaluation of CDKN1B status in acromegalic patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia". Eur. J. Endocrinol. 163 (3): 369–376. PMID 20530095.