Abdul Awwal Jaunpuri

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Movement
Taiyuni
EducationMadrasah as-Sawlatiyah
OccupationTheologian, author
RelativesHafiz Ahmad Jaunpuri (brother)
Rashid Ahmad Jaunpuri (nephew)
Abdur Rab Jaunpuri (nephew)
Muslim leader
TeacherMuhammad Hamed Bhabaniganji
Abd al-Hayy al-Lucknawi
Rahmatullah Kairanawi
PredecessorKaramat Ali Jaunpuri
Influenced by
Islam in Bangladesh
History
Culture
Architecture
Literature
Music
Major figures
Communities
Ideology/schools of thought
Educational organizations
Political parties
Influential bodies
Other topics

ʿAbd al-Awwal Jaunpūrī (

Indian Muslim scholar, religious preacher, educationist, poet and author. Described by Muhammad Mojlum Khan as one of the "most gifted and outstanding" of Karamat Ali Jaunpuri's many children,[1] he displayed an important role leading his father's founded Taiyuni reformist movement in Bengal.[2]

Early life and family

Abdul Awwal Jaunpuri was born in 1867, as the youngest son of

shaykh.[4] Many of his family members were also Islamic scholars, for example, his eldest brother Hafiz Ahmad Jaunpuri.[2]

Education

Jaunpuri learnt how to recite the

Noakhali
.

Jaunpuri then studied

Calcutta at the suggestion of the Bengali scholar Lutfur Rahman Burdwani. However, Burdwani was later unavailable for teaching advanced Arabic and so Jaunpuri set off for Mymensingh with his sister.[5]

In 1887, he travelled to the Hejaz after gaining financial support from his father's disciple Qari Hafizuddin. He studied at the Indian-run Madrasah as-Sawlatiyah in Mecca for two years. Among his teachers in Mecca were Rahmatullah Kairanawi, Muhammad Noor and Abdullah bin Sayyid Husayn al-Makki. He also studied fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), hadith, tafsir (Qur'anic exegesis) under Abdul Haq Allahabadi, who was one of his father's disciples based in Mecca. He eventually received ijazah (certification) from Allahabadi.[5]

Career

After completing his studies in the Arabian Peninsula, Jaunpuri did have plans to further study in countries like

Chawkbazar Shahi Mosque. His second son, Muhammad Hammad Abduz Zahir Jaunpuri (d. 1896-97 CE), died at an early age and in memory of him, Jaunpuri established the Madrasah-i-Hammadiyyah in the city's Armanitola neighbourhood.[2]

As one of the main leaders of the pacifist Taiyuni movement, he received awards in recognition of his services from the local

Sufi music, dancing and the veneration of shrines.[9]

Personal life

Jaunpuri married the daughter of Hafiz Ahsan, one of his early teachers in Jaunpur. Their first two sons, Abdul Akhir Jaunpuri and Muhammad Hammad Abduz Zahir Jaunpuri, died at an early age. They had five more sons and five daughters. His son, Abdul Batin Jaunpuri, wrote a biography of Karamat Ali Jaunpuri and Abdul Awwal Jaunpuri.[5]

Works

Jaunpuri was known to have authored 121 books, 89 of which have been published. The topics of his books ranged from

Islamic jurisprudence and the history of Islam to Sufism and biographies of early Muslims.[2] During his time in Mecca, Jaunpuri wrote two books. The first book, an-Nafhat al-Anbariyyah fi Isbat al-Qiyam fi Mawlud Khayr al-Bariyyah, advocated for the permissibility of the Mawlid and for its qiyam to be mustahabb. The book gained support from scholars in Mecca and Medina, and their accolades were added to the end of the book in later publications. His second book written in Mecca was Nawadir al-Munifah fi Manaqib al-Imam Abu Hanifah, which was a biography of the eighth-century Persian theologian Abu Hanifa.[5]

  1. an-Nafhat al-Anbariyyah fī Isbat al-Qiyam fi Mawlud Khayr al-Bariyyah (on Mawlid)
  2. Nawādir al-Munifah fī Manāqib al-Imām Abu Ḥanīfah (on Abu Hanifah)
  3. Khayr az-Zabūr fī Istiḥbāb Ziyārah al-Qubūr (1893, on visiting graves)
  4. Hidāyah an-Nisā (1895, on women)
  5. ad-Durrah al-Ghāliyah fi Manāqib Muʿāwiyah (1898, in defence of Mu'awiya I)
  6. ad-Durr an-Nadid fī Gharir al-Qasid (1904, Arabic poetry)
  7. al-Bayān al-Munsajim fī Kashf al-Musta'jim (1920, biography of 184 prophets, companions and
    awliya
    )
  8. aṭ-Ṭarīf lil-Adīb aẓ-Ẓarīf
  9. al-Manṭūq fī Maʿrifah al-Furūq
  10. ʿArāis al-Afkār fī Mufākhirah al-Layl wan-Nahār
  11. at-Talīd lish-Shāʿir al-Majīd
  12. ar-Radīf lit-Tālī aṭ-Ṭarīf
  13. Aḥsan al-Wasāil ilā Ḥifẓ al-Awāil
  14. aṭ-Ṭarīq as-Sahl ilā Ḥāl Abī Jahl
  15. al-Muḥākamah bayna Faḍīlah ʿAishah wa-Fāṭimah
  16. al-Busṭā fī Bayān aṣ-Ṣalāh al-Wusṭā (Urdu)
  17. Mufīd al-Muftī (Urdu)[10]

Death

Abdul Awwal Jaunpuri died on 18 June 1921 in Calcutta.[2] He had arrived in Calcutta for medical aid from Faridpur. He was buried in Maniktala, North Calcutta, in the garden of his disciple Abdur Rahman Khan of Dhaka.[5] His early biography, Seerat Molana Abdul Avval Jaunpuri Rehmatullahi Aleihi, was written by his son Abdul Batin Jaunpuri in 1950. Another one of his biographers, Muhammad Abdullah, identified 63 of his books and published Mawlana Abdul Awwal Jaunpuri in 1995.

References

  1. ISBN 978-1-84774-059-5
    .
  2. ^
    OL 30677644M
    . Retrieved 25 April 2024.
  3. ISBN 9788171393756
    .
  4. OL 30677644M
    . Retrieved 25 April 2024.
  5. ^
    ISBN 978-1-84774-059-5
    .
  6. ^ Khan, Muin-ud-din Ahmad (2010). Islamic Revivalism During 18th, 19th and 20th Centuries in North Africa, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. Dhaka: Bangladesh Institute of Islamic Thought.
  7. ^ Abdullah, Muhammad (1986). "আবদুল আউওয়াল জৌনপুরী" [Abdul Auwal Jaunpuri]. বাংলাদেশের খ্যাতনামা আরবীবিদ, ১৮০১-১৯৭১ [Renowned Arabists of Bangladesh, 1801-1971] (in Bengali). Islamic Foundation Bangladesh. p. 132.
  8. ^ Abdullah, Muhammad. মওলানা আবদুল আউওয়াল জৌনপুরী [Molana Abdul Auoal Jaunpuri] (in Bengali). Islamic Foundation Bangladesh. p. 159.
  9. ^ Abdullah, Muhammad. রাজনীতিতে বঙ্গীয় উলামার ভূমিকা [The role of the ulama of Bengal in politics] (in Bengali). Islamic Foundation Bangladesh.
  10. Allahabad, India
    : K. P. Dar. p. 122.

External links
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