Abdul Rahman Arif

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Abdul Rahman Arif
عبد الرحمن عارف
Abd ar-Rahman al-Bazzaz
Naji Talib
Himself
Tahir Yahya
Preceded byAbdul Salam Arif
Succeeded byAhmed Hassan al-Bakr
53rd Prime Minister of Iraq
In office
10 May 1967 – 10 July 1967
PresidentHimself
Preceded byNaji Talib
Succeeded byTahir Yahya
Personal details
Born14 April 1916
Iraq
Branch/service Iraqi Ground Forces
RankLieutenant general
Battles/wars
  • 1958 Iraqi coup d'état
  • First Iraqi-Kurdish War
  • Six-Day War

Arabic: عبد الرحمن محمد عارف الجميلي, romanizedʿAbd al-Raḥmān ʿĀrif; 14 April 1916 – 24 August 2007) was an Iraqi military officer and politician who served as the third president of Iraq
from 16 April 1966 to 17 July 1968.

Biography

of Sudan in 1968

Abdul Rahman Arif was a career soldier. He supported the

Iraqi Revolutionary Command Council. He continued his brother's policies, but with a more nationalistic profile.[citation needed
]

Like his brother Abdul Salam, he was an overt supporter of

MiG-17
jets, but the coup failed and he was arrested. It was his second failed coup attempt on the Arif government. President Arif went on TV to declare that on this occasion, Abdul Razzak would definitely be punished, only to then release him with a pardon.

His presidency was widely believed to be slack and indecisive. However, there are historical clues that he was not corrupt. The ill-advised law that he passed in 1967 to absolve himself from paying income tax was probably an indication that he was not capable of getting wealth otherwise. Shortly after Arif came to power, the Iraqi military launched a major offensive against Kurdish rebels led by

IDF
military officer Zuri Sagy resulted in the killing of 1,400-2,000 Iraqi troops and the capture of hundreds more. Regime hard-liners were discredited by the debacle, and on 29 June, Bazzaz announced a Twelve Point Plan for peace, which included "administrative decentralisation" in Iraqi Kurdistan and "Kurdish representation in Parliament".

Throughout July, Bazzaz began implementing the agreement by "approving a massive rehabilitation program, lifting the economic blockade, releasing hundreds of Kurdish prisoners, removing Arab tribes from former Kurdish lands, and passing a general amnesty law", but opposition within the military forced Arif to dismiss Bazzaz in favour of General Naji Talib on 6 August.[2] Regardless, American officials in the Lyndon B. Johnson administration welcomed Iraq's brief return to civilian rule under Bazzaz as well as Arif's thwarting of Razzak's second coup attempt on 30 June.[3] Arif was considered "one of the few forces of moderation" in Iraq, having previously established a friendship with U.S. ambassador Robert Strong and making a number of friendly gestures to the United States between April 1966 and January 1967.[4]

At Arif's request, President Johnson met five Iraqi generals and Iraqi ambassador Nasir Hani in Washington, D.C., on 25 January 1967, reiterating his "desire to build an ever closer relationship between [the] two governments."

U.S. National Security Council even contemplated welcoming Arif on a state visit to Washington, although this proposal was ultimately rejected due to concerns about the stability of Arif's government.[6]

Prior to the outbreak of the Six-Day War, Iraqi foreign minister Adnan Pachachi met with a number of U.S. officials to discuss the escalating Middle East crisis on 1 June, including U.S. ambassador to the UN Arthur Goldberg, Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs Eugene V. Rostow, Secretary of State Dean Rusk, and President Johnson himself.[7] The political atmosphere engendered by the costly Arab defeat prompted Iraq to break relations with the U.S. on 7 June, and ultimately ensured the collapse of Arif's relatively moderate government.[8]

On 17 July 1968, while Arif was sleeping, his own assistants along with members of the

Hardan Al-Tikriti, phoned Arif informing him that he was no longer president. Arif was exiled to Turkey
.

Arif returned to Iraq in 1979 when Saddam Hussein came to power, and largely stayed out of the public and political spotlight afterwards. He was allowed to leave the country once to undertake the Hajj. Arif left Iraq permanently after Hussein was removed from power by the U.S.-led invasion, and lived in Amman, Jordan from 2004. He died in Amman on 24 August 2007,[9] He was married to Faika Abdul-Mageed Faris Alanee.

Quotes

  • "The existence of Israel is an error which we must put right. This is our opportunity to wipe out the disgrace which is Israel which has been with us since 1948. Our goal is clear – to wipe Israel off the map", speaking on the Radio, 1 June 1967[10]
  • "I hope there will be stability and security in all parts of Iraq and neighbouring Arab countries", he said. "I hope there will be national unity in Iraq by forgetting the past and looking for the future."[11]

References

External links

Political offices
Preceded by
Abd ar-Rahman al-Bazzaz
President of Iraq
16 April 1966 – 17 July 1968
Succeeded by
Preceded by Prime Minister of Iraq
1967
Succeeded by