Abiquiú, New Mexico

Coordinates: 36°12′34″N 106°19′7″W / 36.20944°N 106.31861°W / 36.20944; -106.31861
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
"Abiquiu" redirects here. For the Breaking Bad episode, see Abiquiu (Breaking Bad).
Not to be confused with Albuquerque, New Mexico.

Abiquiú, New Mexico
Péshú:bú'; Gultɨdda
FIPS code
35-00310

Abiquiú (

Northern Tiwa: Gultɨdda) is a census-designated place in Rio Arriba County, in northern New Mexico in the southwestern United States, about 53 miles (85 km) north of Santa Fe. As of 2010, the population was 231.[3] Abiquiú's one school, an elementary school, is part of the Española Public Schools
.

Abiquiú means "wild

genízaros here and in other places to establish buffer towns to defend the frontier from raiding tribes such as the Comanche.[4]

Abiquiú was one of the homes of American artist Georgia O'Keeffe from 1929 until 1984. The Georgia O'Keeffe Home and Studio is in Abiquiú. The artist also owned property at the nearby Ghost Ranch. Many of her paintings depict scenes near Abiquiú.

History

Abiquiú church and plaza around 1920.

Abiquiú was first settled in 1742 by 24

Spanish settlements of New Mexico.[5] In 1747, in one of the numerous raids in the area, the Comanche took 23 women and children captive, forcing the temporary abandonment of Abiquiú. The captives probably were sold or traded in the flourishing slave trade between and among the Spanish and the surrounding indigenous nations.[6]

In 1754, to deal with the raids and the faltering settlement, New Mexico governor

Trampas. The genízaros were detribalized Native Americans from various tribes whose origin was typically as war captives, either captured by the Spanish or sold by raiding tribes to the Spanish to work as slaves and servants. Because they had few rights under the casta laws of the Spanish, acceptance of land grants and resettlement on the dangerous frontier of New Mexico was the principal way for genízaros to become landowners. Abiquiú became the archetypal genízaro settlement. Many residents still celebrate their genízaro heritage in the 21st century.[7]

In the late 18th century, peace was established between New Mexico and the Comanche and the Ute. An annual trade fair at Abiquiú drew many indigenous people to the town, especially the Utes, who traded deer skins for horses and tools. Also, settlers purchased or redeemed captive children from the native people. Bands of Utes often camped for the winter near Abiquiú. In the 1840s, the peace with the Utes broke down and 1,000 of them came to Abiquiú with a list of grievances and demands. Several Utes were killed in this confrontation. Peace with the Utes was restored in 1849 by the U.S. government,[a] which had recently invaded and conquered New Mexico in the Mexican–American War.[9]

Throughout the 19th century, the residents of Abiquiú struggled to retain ownership of the 16,000 acres (6,500 ha) of land granted them in 1754. In 1894, their right to the land was validated in the

National Forest, was returned to the community. Abiquiú is a popular tourist destination, and some Anglo-Americans have settled in the community.[9]

Old Spanish Trail

Abiquiú was the starting point of the pioneering route of the

San Gabriel Mission in 86 days, arriving on January 31, 1830. He returned by the same route in 56 days, leaving on March 1 and arriving on April 25, 1830. Armijo documented his route daily, unlike travelers on other routes of the Old Spanish Trail. These reports were very brief, listing dates and stopping places with few other details and no distances recorded. He submitted them to the governor, José Antonio Chaves, and the Mexican government published them on June 19, 1830.[10]

Climate

The climate of Abiquiú is a typical semi-arid climate (Köppen: BSk).

Climate data for Abiquiu Dam (1991–2020 normals,[b] extremes 1957–present). Elevation: 6,380 ft (1,940 m)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 62
(17) 		70
(21) 		85
(29) 		86
(30) 		94
(34) 		101
(38) 		101
(38) 		99
(37) 		95
(35) 		90
(32) 		77
(25) 		67
(19) 		101
(38)
Mean maximum °F (°C) 55.8
(13.2) 		61.0
(16.1) 		70.8
(21.6) 		77.0
(25.0) 		85.9
(29.9) 		94.2
(34.6) 		96.5
(35.8) 		93.5
(34.2) 		89.2
(31.8) 		81.1
(27.3) 		67.9
(19.9) 		57.9
(14.4) 		97.3
(36.3)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 42.0
(5.6) 		47.0
(8.3) 		55.9
(13.3) 		63.3
(17.4) 		72.8
(22.7) 		83.8
(28.8) 		87.5
(30.8) 		85.1
(29.5) 		78.7
(25.9) 		67.0
(19.4) 		53.9
(12.2) 		43.3
(6.3) 		65.0
(18.3)
Daily mean °F (°C) 29.9
(−1.2) 		34.4
(1.3) 		42.3
(5.7) 		49.0
(9.4) 		58.2
(14.6) 		68.5
(20.3) 		72.9
(22.7) 		70.9
(21.6) 		64.1
(17.8) 		52.2
(11.2) 		40.6
(4.8) 		31.2
(−0.4) 		51.2
(10.7)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 17.7
(−7.9) 		21.8
(−5.7) 		28.6
(−1.9) 		34.8
(1.6) 		43.7
(6.5) 		53.3
(11.8) 		58.3
(14.6) 		56.8
(13.8) 		49.5
(9.7) 		37.4
(3.0) 		27.3
(−2.6) 		19.0
(−7.2) 		37.4
(3.0)
Mean minimum °F (°C) 6.3
(−14.3) 		9.5
(−12.5) 		18.2
(−7.7) 		25.2
(−3.8) 		33.3
(0.7) 		43.7
(6.5) 		50.5
(10.3) 		51.0
(10.6) 		40.4
(4.7) 		26.2
(−3.2) 		16.3
(−8.7) 		6.8
(−14.0) 		1.4
(−17.0)
Record low °F (°C) −25
(−32) 		−17
(−27) 		−8
(−22) 		8
(−13) 		19
(−7) 		28
(−2) 		37
(3) 		39
(4) 		30
(−1) 		10
(−12) 		−8
(−22) 		−18
(−28) 		−25
(−32)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 0.41
(10) 		0.34
(8.6) 		0.58
(15) 		0.79
(20) 		0.80
(20) 		0.62
(16) 		1.65
(42) 		1.75
(44) 		1.19
(30) 		0.89
(23) 		0.50
(13) 		0.54
(14) 		10.06
(256)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 2.8
(7.1) 		2.0
(5.1) 		1.6
(4.1) 		0.4
(1.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.1
(0.25) 		0.6
(1.5) 		3.0
(7.6) 		10.5
(27)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 inch) 4.4 4.9 5.1 5.4 6.4 4.9 11.2 12.1 7.5 6.4 4.5 5.0 77.8
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 inch) 1.4 1.4 0.7 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 1.6 5.8
Source:
NOAA[11][12]

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
2020181—
U.S. Decennial Census[13][2]

Education

Abiquiú Post Office

It is in Española Public Schools.[14] The comprehensive public high school is Española Valley High School.

In popular culture

Westerns (pictured, Ghost Ranch
).

The colorful canyons and mountains near Abiquiú have been featured in numerous movies, including

No Country For Old Men (2007), Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (2008), Cowboys & Aliens (2011) and The Lone Ranger (2013),[16] and in the TV series Earth 2.[17]

"

Jane Margolis visiting a Georgia O'Keeffe
exhibition, presumably the one in Abiquiú.

Nearby points of interest

Notable people

Notes

  1. ^ On December 30, 1849, U.S. Indian Commissioner James S. Calhoun signed the Treaty of Abiquiú[8] with leaders of the Ute people.
  2. ^ Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the highest and lowest temperature readings during an entire month or year) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.

References

  1. ^ "ArcGIS REST Services Directory". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 12, 2022.
  2. ^ a b "Census Population API". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 12, 2022.
  3. U.S. Census Bureau
    . Retrieved October 20, 2017.
  4. S2CID 110030860
    .
  5. ^ Gonzales (2014), pp. 583, 588–589
  6. ISBN 978-0-80785-382-5
    .
  7. ^ Gonzales (2014), pp. 588–591
  8. Ute Nation (December 30, 1849). "Treaty with the Utah"
    . Retrieved March 11, 2022.
  9. ^ a b "Pueblo de Abiquiú – A Genízaro Community". New Mexico History.org. Retrieved February 25, 2019.
  10. JSTOR 3816035
    .
  11. ^ "Summary of Monthly Normals 1991–2020". National Weather Service. Archived from the original on July 27, 2023. Retrieved July 27, 2023.
  12. ^ "NOWData – NOAA Online Weather Data". National Weather Service. Retrieved July 27, 2023.
  13. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2016.
  14. U.S. Census Bureau
    . Retrieved July 30, 2021.
  15. ^ "The Last Outlaw (TV 1993)". IMDb. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  16. ISBN 978-1-47662-549-2
    .
  17. ^ Gingold, Howard (November 13, 1994). "On the Set : Weathering 'Earth 2'". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on May 17, 2017.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abiquiú,_New_Mexico&oldid=1186180104"