Academic integrity
Academic integrity is the
Historical evolution
During the late 18th century, academic integrity was tightly correlated to the academic honor code (United States). This was monitored mainly by the students and surrounding culture of the time. The honor code focused on duty, pride, power, and self-esteem.[15] Any act promoting the uprising or building of any of these within an individual was the goal. Thus, academic integrity was tied solely to the status and appearance of upstanding character of the individual. Any acts of academic dishonesty performed to maintain their good name was seen as a necessary means to an end.
It wasn't until the end of the 19th century when the goals of the university changed that the concept of academic integrity changed. Academics of this era were required to teach and produce original research. The pressure to acquire
As the importance of original research grew among faculty members the questioning of research integrity grew as well. With so much pressure linked to their professional status professor were under intense scrutiny by the surrounding society. This inevitably led to the separating academic integrity ideals for student and faculty.[15] By 1970 most universities in the United States had established honor codes for their student body and faculty members, although this concept has not really caught on elsewhere in the world (e.g. see Yakovchuk et al.[17]).
Improvements in information technology have created challenges within academic integrity, especially with respect to increased plagiarism and use of poor-quality sources found on the internet.[18] Technology has also increased opportunities for collaborative writing, raising issues of proper attribution of authorship.[19] There are also problems with hyperauthorship,[20] selling authorship,[21] and unearned authorship.[22]
Impact on academia
Academic integrity means avoiding plagiarism and cheating, among other misconduct behaviours. Academic integrity is practiced in the majority of educational institutions, it is noted in mission statements, policies,
Honor code can help improve trust and honesty to students and give credits to those that actually wrote it. It can help teachers and students create an honor pledge that allows them to have severe punishments to those who committed academic dishonesty. The honor pledge is created before the assignment is assigned and need to be read over and signed, so it can show that the student is agreeing to not violate any rules.[24]
Universities have moved toward an inclusive approach to inspiring academic integrity, by creating Student Honor Councils[25] as well as taking a more active role in making students aware of the consequences for academic dishonesty.
Academic Integrity is also the meaning of what it truly feels to be involved with many on campus activities, and making contributions to local community.[26]
To promote the academic integrity, publication ethics, and responsible research in the higher education system in India, the University Grants Commission (India) enacted the "UGC (Promotion of Academic Integrity and Prevention of Plagiarism in Higher Educational Institutions) Regulations, 2018" on July 23, 2018.[27]: 1 The Regulations then recommend some institutional mechanisms to eliminate the scope of plagiarism.
Apart from the Assessment Guide, the Computer Science and Engineering Department of
Despite these advances, academic dishonesty still plagues the university. In the 1990s, the academic dishonesty rates were as bad as, and in some cases, worse than they were in the 1960s.[28]: 1 The acknowledgement of this ethics crisis is inspiring many universities to focus more on promoting common values of academic integrity.
Conversely, critics have drawn attention to the fact that "teaching and learning are interrupted because faculty, in an effort to control
See also
- Academic dishonesty
- Research integrity
- Exam proctoring
- Contract cheating
- Plagiarism
References
- ^ Donald McCabe (Obituary). (2016). Star-Ledger. Retrieved from http://obits.nj.com/obituaries/starledger/obituary.aspx?pid=181490279
- ISBN 978-981-287-097-1.
- S2CID 16198215.
- ^ S2CID 149924537.
- ^ ISSN 1833-2595.
- ^ Bretag, T., Mahmud, S., East, J., Green, M., & James, C. (2011). Academic integrity standards: A preliminary analysis of the Academic integrity policies at Australian Universities. Paper presented at the Proceedings of AuQF 2011 Demonstrating Quality, Melbourne.
- S2CID 210451768.
- ^ Eaton, S. E., Guglielmin, M., & Otoo, B. (2017). Plagiarism: Moving from punitive to pro-active approaches. In A. P. Preciado Babb, L. Yeworiew, & S. Sabbaghan (Eds.), Selected Proceedings of the IDEAS Conference 2017: Leading Educational Change Conference (pp. 28-36). Calgary, Canada: Werklund School of Education, University of Calgary.
- ^ S2CID 254570492.
- ^ a b Eaton, S. E. (2018). Contract cheating: A Canadian perspective. Retrieved from http://blogs.biomedcentral.com/bmcblog/2018/07/24/contract-cheating-a-canadian-perspective/
- ^ a b Clarke, R., & Lancaster, T. (2006). Eliminating the successor to plagiarism: Identifying the usage of contract cheating sites. Paper presented at the Second International Plagiarism Conference, The Sage Gateshead, Tyne & Wear, United Kingdom.
- ^ ISSN 1753-0806.
- ISSN 1211-8516.
- ISSN 1833-2595.
- ^ a b c d Tricia Gallant, "Revisiting the Past: The Historical Context of Academic Integrity", Academic Integrity in the Twenty-First Century, pp. 13–31
- ISBN 9780809320929
- – via www.ojs.unisa.edu.au.
- Association of Universities in the Netherlands(VSNU). 2014.
- ^ Tricia Gallant, "Twenty-First Century Forces Shaping Academic Integrity", Academic Integrity in the Twenty-First Century, pp. 65–78
- .
- .
- .
- ^ Glendinning, I. (2013). Comparison of policies for Academic Integrity in Higher Education across the European Union. Retrieved from http://ketlib.lib.unipi.gr/xmlui/bitstream/handle/ket/814/Comparison%20of%20policies%20for%20Academic%20Integrity%20in%20Higher%20Education%20across%20the%20European%20Union.pdf?sequence=2
- S2CID 152268649.
- ^ Pavela, Gary (Summer 1997), "Applying the Power of Association on Campus: A Model Code of Academic Integrity", Journal of College and University Law (PDF), 24 (1).
- ^ "Academic Integrity". www.ou.edu. Retrieved 2018-10-11.
- ^ UGC (Promotion of Academic Integrity and Prevention of Plagiarism in Higher Educational Institutions) Regulations, 2018 (PDF), 2018.
- ^ .
External links
- Rhode Island College LibGuide – Academic Integrity
- Publication ethics checklist (for routine use during manuscript submission to a journal)